,§aii[ir ^usikmlrir. 
WORKING BAD MILK. 
An old cheese maker, Mr. William C. ^ 
Hudson of Bangor, Van Bureti Co., Mich., 0 
writes us concerning floating curds, their 0 
cause, and his method of treating them so as u 
to make “ passable cheese,” We give such c 
extracts from his letter as apply to the sub- jj 
ject named. The cause of floating curds, he t 
says, is in the milk as it comes from the cow, 
and the condition can be brought about in q 
various ways. This kind of milk lie dcsig- 
nates as “fevered milk,” among tho chief 
reasons for which are “allowing the cows to 
be without sufficient shade and cool water , 
in hot weather; overdriving the cows or s 
causing them to be unduly exercised.” The ’ 
milk thus becomes overheated lief ore it is , 
drawn and is harder to be acted upon by 
rennet than milk in good order. The curds 
from “overheated milk” are long in cook 
ing and do not readily take on that acidity 
so essential in making good cheese when the 
milk is all right. 
In regard to the tVeuLiuenl of floating 
curds, Mr, Hudson says: — “When a curd 
floats, most cheese makers get it out of the ’ 
whey as soon us possible. This is wrong. It 
should be kept longer in tbe whey than a ' 
good curd. Keup it in until it is so sour you ' 
can taste a sharp acid in the whey. This 
cuts the curd so that it becomes tender, takes ’ 
away nearly all the rancid taste and smell 
and tho cheese will press as solid as the best 
and it will take a dose buyer to doted any' 
imperfection,” See., &e. 
Again ha says: — “I presume you have 
noticed curds that do not float having the 
same smell that a floating curd has. Such 
curds need to bo cooked the same as though 
they floated, and they will make a good, solid 
cheese, but if treated otherwise—that is, not 
allowed to cook and develop sufficient acid¬ 
ity—tho cheese will huff and grow poorer, 
emitting a disagreeable smell, and finally be¬ 
come rotten.” 
He thinks no cheese maker need be at a 
I 03 S to know what kind of a curd to expect 
if he will be particular to notice the smell of 
each can of milk as it is emptied at the fac¬ 
tory. 
There are some kinds of milk, he says, 
which ought not to be taken to the factory, 
and one kind is described in particular as 
follows : — “When a cow refuses to give her 
usual mess of milk for a day and on tho next 
milking gives more than the usual quantity, 
there will be milk in this mess twenty-four 
hours old. Tills kind of milk, he says, works 
mischief on account of its early decomposi¬ 
tion, uud occurring, as it often does, in dif¬ 
ferent herds on the same day and mingled 
with tho good milk that goes to the factory, 
the whole is more or less injured, causing 
not unfroquontly “sour cheese.” 
Mr. Hudson says the way to treat such 
milk after it arrives at the factory [he does 
not state how such milk is to be detected] 
is to heat it to 98* Fall, before putting in the 
rennet. This extra heat, h<* thinks, arrests 
decomposition and allows the cheese maker 
sufficient time to finish up his work in the 
usual manner without experiencing the 
trouble that would follow had the milk been 
set with rennet at a low temperature. We 
give Mr. Hudson’s views us we have those 
of others, since practical experience is always 
more or less suggestive. 
We may remark, however, in this connec¬ 
tion, that the cause of floating curds and 
their t reatment are now pretty well under¬ 
stood by the best cheese makers of New 
York. And the best known methods of 
treating such curds have from time to time 
been discussed in these columns. Floating 
curds should always be ground in a curd- 
mill and freely exposed to the atmosphere—a 
point which does not seem to be touched 
' upon by our correspondent. 
--♦♦♦- 
N. Y. STATE DAIRYMEN’S ASSOCIATION. 
Of the agricultural meetings to be held 
the coming winter, tho Dairymen’s conven¬ 
tions will he prominent in importance and 
will be well worth attending by farmers, 
whether they be dairymen or otherwise. 
These annual conventions of dairymen have 
now become established institutions in a 
number of States, stretching in an unbroken 
lino from New England to the Northwest. 
In Vermont the gatherings have usually 
been very large. The American Association 
has always had an attendance of 800 to 1,000 
persons. The attendance at the Canadian 
Association is not much less, while in Ohio, 
Michigan and in the Northwest dense crowds 
not unfrequently pack tho largest halls that 
can be had in the. places where the meetings 
are located. • A great diversity of subjects 
relating to fanning is discussed at these 
meetings, and distinguished agriculturists 
are employed to give addresses. 
The New York State Dairymen's Associa¬ 
tion and Board of Trade will open its series 
of meetings at Sim lairville, Chautauqua Co., 
on Wednesday and Thursday, December lOfcti 
uud 11th, 1873. The Secretary of the Asso¬ 
ciation, Hon. Josiah Shu lib of liion, N. Y., 
has seat out the following programme for 
the Convention : 
At 11 A. M., on Wednesday, Dee. 10th, the 
Convention will be called to order for trans¬ 
action of preliminary business. Two o’clock 
P. M., Opening Address, by the President, 
X, A. Wii.t.akd. Addresses will be given 
by Hon. Hakhis Lewis of Herkimer Co., 
subject, “Adaptation;” by E. J. Wickson 
of the Utica Herald, subject, “Feeding at a 
Mark,” illustrated by charts and diagrams ; 
by L, 13. Arnold, Secretary of tho American 
Dairymen’s Association, subject not an¬ 
nounced. On Wednesday evening Hon. 
John Stanton Gould of Hudson, N. Y., 
will give the Annual Address. 
The following well-known gentlemen have 
been invited to deliver addresses at the Con¬ 
vention — Ex. Oov. Horatio Seymour of 
Utica; Hon. E. W. Stewart of the Live 
Stock Journal, Buffalo, subject, “ Feeding 
for the Production of Milk;” Anson Bart- 
lkt, of Ohio and others, will be present, and 
speak. 
The Executive Committee in their circular 
state that they have selected Sim lairville as 
the place for holding the Convention, at tho 
earnest request of dairymen in the western 
part of tho State, and t hat the officers in an¬ 
nouncing the Convention believe they are 
justified in assuring the public that, a meet¬ 
ing of unusual interest, both as regards num¬ 
bers present and the importance of the. sub¬ 
jects to be considered, may be anticipated. 
Sinclairville is on the Dunkirk, Allegany 
Valley and Pittsburg Railroad, and is acces¬ 
sible from Dunkirk on the Lake Shore Rail¬ 
road, and from Warren, on the Philadelphia 
and Erie Railroad, and from Crossing, near 
Falconers, on the Atlantic and Great West¬ 
ern Railroad. 
Preparing Milk for Transportation.—I 
see in tho Rural New-Yorker an inquiry 
from one of your correspondents in Texas 
how to keep milk from souring before he 
can get it to market. I will give you my 
plan. Have had long experience both with 
milk and cream. I scald before cooling and 
add a teaspoonful of biscuit soda to a gallon 
of cream or milk. It rather improves than 
otherwise, and it will keep much longer and 
will prevent the garlic taste whore garlic 
grows.—V. G. Austin, Uhothinytnn, l). V. 
i? (goriienmn. 
BREEDING MULE. 
A correspondent of the London Field 
furnishes that paper with tho following : 
“At the present time there is to be seen in 
the Jardin d’Acclimation at Paris a phenom¬ 
enal sight in the shape of an Arab horse, a 
Morocco mule, and their foal. The foal, a 
female, was born In Algeria in the present 
year, and its birth having been duly attested, 
and the whole of the otrei mi stances connected 
with the case properly authentlcal, the trio 
were purchased by M. GeolYroy St. Hilaire 
for the Jardin d’Acclimation. 
“ Tho very few authentieal instances of the 
mule producing young alive make tho pres¬ 
ent case remarkably interesting to physiolo¬ 
gists. Although I have frequently seen it 
broadly stated that mules occasionally pro- 
duco foals in Portugal, and also in the West, 
Indies, it is allowed on all hands t hat, as a 
matter of fac-t, those hybrids are very rarely 
born alive; and M. Ayrault, tho experienced 
veterinarian of Niort, states in his ’L’ Indus 
trie Mulussiere, that he ‘ lias never heard 
mention made of gestation in the nude in 
Poitou/ This statement odds considerably 
to the phenomenal character of the present 
production, as the field for observation, in 
matters of this kind in Poitou is exception¬ 
ally extensive. 
“ A similar case of a mule producing a liviug 
foal wo* some three or four years ago report¬ 
ed to the Societe d’Acclimation as having 
occurred at Mont do Marsan, in which the 
dam was described as manifesting a profound 
indifference for her offspring, and as not 
exhibiting the slightest yearning when sep¬ 
arated from it. 
“M. St. Hilaire writes me that a second 
hybrid of tho same kind may be expected in 
April next from the same mule. He further 
says that he has bought the animals solely in 
the cause Of science (it may be truly said he ■ 
rescued them from certain death); but, the e 
Jardin not having been established for the < 
purpose of making zoological experiments, it <: 
is intended to offer them for sale. It will be t 
a pity if such an opportunity as apparently 1 
t he present is, of adding a new species to the i 
animal kingdom should be allowed to go by 
without advantage being taken of it.” 
FEEDING A SPRING COLT. j 
Will some of your readers inform me how « 
to feed a spring colt i How many oats should ] 
I feed him, and bran and oil meal to keep 
him in good growing condition ( He has a 
good box stall, 1“ by 12 to run in. How much 
hav should he have l Would cut hay and 
straw be better than uncut hay 1 Do you 
think oil meal, mixed with ground oats and 
corn, good fur work horses ' We feed it with 
out chaff, wet with hot water in winter and 
cold water in summer. They look very well. 
Do yon think there is more danger of feeding 
the colt too much than too little grain i — 
. 1 . w. T. 
There is no rule that applies to all colts, as 
to the amount of feed they need, any more 
than there is to men and women. Tho kind 
and amount of food that will satisfy and 
benefit, one man or women will not benefit 
another. So it is with other animals. J. W. 
T. should experiment and observe for him¬ 
self. Oats and bran are both good for grow 
ing colts. Oil meal in small quantity will 
not harm them ; but it should be led moder¬ 
ately. There, is danger of feeding some ani¬ 
mals too much ; there are other individual 
animals that will not eat more than is good 
for them, no matter how much you place 
before them. All are not alike in this re¬ 
spect. One horse will gorge himself so as to 
be unfit for service, while another, standing 
beside him, with the same opportunities, will 
only satisfy his hunger. The first should 
have the quantity of his food regulated for 
himself. A small proportion of oil meal is 
good for work horses. The amount must 
depend upon the physique and natural feeding 
qualities of the animal. Only observation 
and experiment can determine in individual 
cases. Thus much in general terms. If any 
of our readers can be more specific, we shall 
be glad to hear from them. 
INSERTING COINS FOR SWELLING. 
“Veterinarian ” in Chicago Tribune 
says ;—Some time ago I was requested to 
perform a singular operation, which I. will 
relate simply to illustrate a peculiar piece of 
quackery agaim^; Sweeny. J had to cut two | 
coins out of the lleslx of a living horse. Both J 
were healed in the connective tissue just 
beneath the skin; the one on the right 
shoulder, a few' inches above and behind the 
shoulder joint, and the other a little deeper, 
a few inches below and behind the shoulder 
joint. The first one proved to be a Papal 
silver coin with tho likeness of PioNcno, and 
the other a simple American dime with the 
Goddess of Liberty. Both coins, according 
to the information given me by the owner 
of the horse, were inserled’tliere by a quack 
: for the purpose of curing Sweeny. Neither 
l of these coins however,—neither that with 
the portrait of His Holiness, nor that with 
i the image of the Goddess,—proved to be as 
t infallible a remedy as the quack may have 
L expected, for the horse was lame yet, not- 
, withstanding that the coins had occupied 
i their peculiar purse under the skin of the 
> living animal for over two years. 
satisfied that slabbering horses are often, 
and perhaps invariably, (unless when in pas¬ 
ture) caused by the bit, and the cure is, use 
a smaller wire. \V 1 13 ' ( Because the teeth 
upon the lower jaw, are too near to each 
other; hence the bit won’t go between 
them, and the horse is compelled to carry 
his moutlr partially open and his power to 
swallow is nullified. 
A Blabbering horse is as disgusting as a 
nasty table-girl; If 1 can’t cure either I get 
rid of them. My rule is “don’t buy him” 
and yet 1 bought one last summer, because 
he matched another and was all right, ex¬ 
cepting that disgusting habit; it was on 
him (and the cure is radical) that I learned 
the above fact. D. R. Barker. 
Kredtitda, N. Y. 
NOTES FOR HORSEMEN. 
Itching of the. Tail.—I have a horse that is 
troubled with an itching of the tail. Is it 
dandruff, or is it a parasite (or insect) in the 
skin that causes tho trouble 1 Will some of 
your readers please inform a subscriber of 
your valuable paper, through its columns, of 
a remedy V—W. D. G., Pa. 
Wlinle Oil for Hols.—Tho Popular Science 
Monthly says whale oil was poured on a 
piece of a horse’s stomach that was covered 
with bot-worms, and it made them let go 
their hold aud die immediately. 
Cure for Brittle Feet .—Wash tile horses’ 
feet clean, When dry apply with a brush, to 
tho hoof only, a coating of this mixture : 
Fish oil, one part ; vegetable tar, one part ; 
oil of tar, one-eighth part. 
STRANGLES IN COLTS. 
The New York Tribune says :—“ This com¬ 
plaint,, known commonly as distemper, is 
nothing serious. The swelling which appears 
at the junction of the jaws and throat will in 
time break of itself and disappear. The only 
treatment necessary is to give the colt soft 
feed, with bran mashes, and no medicine at 
all. The appetite, which falls off while the 
fever accompanying the disorder remains, 
will return as soon as the abscess has broken. 
If the enlargement increases to such an ex 
tent as to threaten partial suffocation, it may 
be opened with a lancet and discharged. No 
poultice should be applied to the swelling. 
Sometimes, when tho abscess refuses to 
break, or is slow in suppurating, it may bo 
hastened by rubbing it with a little oint¬ 
ment, composed of one part Spanish flies and 
six parts of lard. 
. -♦♦♦-- 
REMEDY FOR SLABBERING HORSES. 
FEEDING BEES. 
Last spring wo had made up our mind to 
remove all the honey with the extractor 
from our hives, but as the honey gathered 
this year is of such a good quality we have 
concluded to risk it once more. 
The readers of the Journal will remember 
that my mode of mixing the syrup is about 
this To six pounds of granulated sugar 
add five pints of water, boil five minutes. 
That is our experience for the past fifteen 
years. One of the best ami most distinguished 
apiarians in the United States informed me 
last spring that ho put about the same 
amount of water with iris sugar as Mr. Root 
does. I inquired if it didn’t crystallize, and 
his reply was no. Home time in May, I re¬ 
ceived a nuclei hive, containing five (5) 
frames, of that gentleman and the way the 
granulated sugar rattled out of those combs, 
made mo think that that man was not quite 
as observing as he might be. However, we 
| think that four pints to six pounds of sugar 
will do in October, if it is boiled 10 minutes. 
Wo think tho cheapest (and can’t say but 
what it is the best) feeder hi use, is the one 
Mr. Langsbrot.il has spoken of, that is lie 
mentioned it to me, don’t remember of his 
describing it in the Journal. It is made of 
an oyster can or a tomato can, holding 
about a. quart. Two combs are tied together 
at the largest end. One is put in the can for 
the bees to run down on, while the other is 
left outside for them to runup on. As thero 
| is no patent upon this of course it must be a 
good one. Our way of feeding bees is to 
give each stock in .September or October, 
enough to last them through tho winter. 
Nursing and feeding bees in winter is with¬ 
out profit. We are of tho opinion that bees 
-will winter well throughout the Northern 
States, but in t hose parts of the South where 
it has been so wet all summer we think they 
will winter poorly. One year ago we stated 
in these columns that it was our opinion that 
the loss of so many bees the previous winter, 
was owing to the poor quality of food gath¬ 
ered by the bees the season of ’71. We are 
of that opinion still, and we find hundreds 
who came to the same concision. 
In those sections where the honey is poor, 
we advise the removal ol’ it, und sugar syrup 
fed instead. This is the only sure way to 
save the bees. 
Last season very little pollen was collected 
here, aud the consequence was the bees left 
, off breeding very early. 
This season pollen is abundant, and at this 
[ time (Sept. 11th) my liives have nearly as 7 
much food as they had in the spring—or last • 
of May, rather. F 
We shall expect them to commence breed¬ 
ing at the usual time next spring. Voiy few 
bees in these parts commenced breeding last 
spring, earlier than first of May, as the 
The modus operand! by which any man ^Ser than finit of MayT aA the 
learns a fact, is not necessary to be stated, wuu tner was so cold no pollen couid be col- 
when the mere statement of the fact at once i ec ted sooner than that time.— H. Alley, 
reveals the proof. I have tested, until I am Wenha/m , Mas *., in American Bee Journal. 
