NEW ARRANGEMENT OF BRITISH BEES. 
161 
coping of the labrum and the lateral protection of the 
mandibles, whilst the horny sheathing of the maxillae 
protect the softer parts folding underneath. 
In the Apid(R , or normal bees, the basal joint has the 
same action in withdrawing the entire organ into its 
place of rest; but the joint which gives it this power is 
not in an analogous situation to that in the Andrenidce, 
for it is seated short of the joint which lies at the base 
of the several organs of the cibarial apparatus. By 
bending these downwards, it carries their apex back¬ 
wards towards the basal fulcrum through the action of 
these two joints, and, when there, the more delicate 
ones are protected from abrasion or injury, by the lateral 
overlapping of the horny skin of the maxillse. All being 
thus withdrawn within this covering, upon the joint 
which folds them back, seated at the base of the tongue, 
the labrum falls, and further to strengthen this protec¬ 
tion, the mandibles close over it like forceps. 
That this difference in the arrangement of the cibarial 
apparatus points to any distinctive peculiarities of eco¬ 
nomy has not been ascertained, for the habits of the Sco- 
pulipedes greatty resemble those of the Andrenidce; al¬ 
though the habits of one of them, Anthophora fareata, 
are remarkably like those of the foreign genus Xylocopa, 
in its mode of drilling wood. But the Apidce have cross 
affinities amongst themselves, thus Cavatina resembles 
Heriades, and some of the Osmice, in the way in which 
it nidificates. 
The tongues of the Andrenidce are always shorter, 
broader, and flatter than those of the Apidce, in which 
they are always long, cylindrical, and tapering. In the 
first section of the Andrenidce, the paraglossse are ob¬ 
tusely terminated at the apex, thence called lacerated, 
M 
