PANURGUS. 
229 
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. 
Tlavoupyos signifies one excessively industrious, at 
least as it is applied here, although it has other less 
meritorious meanings, but these insects can scarcely be 
considered more energetic than any of their associates; 
perhaps the contrast made between the bright yellow 
pollen and their lugubrious vestment might give the 
idea of very active collecting, they being usually, upon 
returning from their foray, almost entirely disguised in 
the produce of their excursion. They are rather re¬ 
markable insects from their intensely black colour and 
their compact active forms ; their square head and short 
clavate antennae give them a sturdy business-like ap¬ 
pearance. They also are silent on the wing, but being 
at the very van of the present subfamily, forming as 
it were the advanced picket of the Apidce, it may be 
considered suitable that they should retain, by way of 
partial disguise, some of the characteristics of the pre¬ 
ceding subfamily. In many respects, therefore, they 
closely approach Dasypoda : thus their legs are similarly 
furnished with hair, relatively as long and having the 
same spiral twist, and their whole habit is that of one of 
the Andrenidce, excepting that their clavate antennae, 
and the folding of their tongue in repose, separate them 
from that subfamily. They are local insects, but extremely 
abundant when fallen upon. I used to find the first 
species upon an elevated plateau, on the south side over¬ 
hanging the Yale of Health and its large pond at Hamp¬ 
stead. Every Dandelion, for a wide circuit in the vicinity, 
was crowded with individuals—assiduously collecting, 
in the case of females, but basking in sunny indolence, 
and revelling in the attractions of the flower, in the case 
