CHAPTER IV. 
Apes, Monkeys, and Lemurs,— continued . 
The Old World Monkeys and Baboons,— continued . 
In the preceding chapter we have considered such of the Old World monkeys as 
have no cheek-pouches, but possess sacculated stomachs, and in which the legs 
are longer than the arms. In systematic zoology these constitute the subfamily 
Golobince , of the family Gercojnthecidce. We have now to consider the remainder 
of the Old World monkeys, together with the baboons, which, although belonging to 
the same great family, constitute the separate large subfamily of the Gereopithecince. 
This group is characterised by the circumstance that all its members are furnished 
with cheek-pouches, but their stomachs are simple, and the arms and legs are of 
nearly the same length. 
The Guenons. 
Genus Gercopithecus. 
Since we have no English name to distinguish this group of African monkeys 
from others of the same family, it will be found convenient to use the French name 
Guenon, meaning one who grimaces, which appears to have been especially applied 
to the monkeys of this group, as being those with which we are most familiar in 
menageries and shows. 
As we have said, these monkeys are strictly confined to Africa, where they are 
represented by more than twenty species, of which the larger proportion are found 
on the western side of the continent. None of them are of large size, and they 
present the following features by which they are characterised as a genus. 
In build they are comparatively slender, and their muzzle is either 
Characteristics. * ■ L m • . . 
short, or at least not very long. Their tail is invariably long and 
slender, and the naked callosities on the buttocks are of comparatively small size. 
For another important point of distinction we must have recourse to the dried 
skulls, an examination of which will show that the last molar or wisdom-tooth on 
each side of the lower jaw consists of four tubercles only, and of these the front 
and hind pairs are connected by a pair of transverse ridges. In this respect the 
guenons differ, not only from the monkeys described in the last chapter, but likewise 
from all those to be subsequently noticed, in which the last lower molar has a fifth 
tubercle forming a kind of heel projecting from behind the second transverse ridge. 
In general appearance, more especially as regards their slender build and 
long tails, the guenons are the members of the present subfamily which make 
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