TYPICAL GROUP. 
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have begun to fall. Dr. Cones states that “ in most portions of the United States 
the red bat is one of the most abundant, characteristic, and familiar species, being 
rivalled in these respects by the little brown bat ( Vespertilio subulatus ) alone. It 
would be safe to say that in any given instance of a bat entering our rooms of an 
evening, the chances are a hundred to one of its being one of these two species. 
The perfect noiselessness and swiftness of its flight, the extraordinary agility with 
which it evades obstacles—even the most dexterous strokes designed for its 
capture—and the unwonted shape, associated in popular superstition with the 
demons of the shades, conspire to produce repulsive feelings that need little fancy 
to render weird and uncanny.” 
As is the case with many of its North American allies, this bat generally 
hibernates in large colonies, which select for their retirement a cave or hollow tree. 
The following account of a visit to a cave, in the year 1816, probably refers to this 
species, and gives a good idea of the vast numbers of individuals composing one of 
these colonies. The describer, Professor J. Green, as quoted in 1842 by Dr. J. D. 
Godman, writes that “ I this day (November 1st) visited an extensive cavern about 
twelve miles south of Albanv, New York. I did not measure its extent into the 
mountain, but it was at least 300 or 400 feet. There was nothing remarkable in 
this cave except the vast multitudes of bats which had selected this unfrequented 
place to pass the winter. They did not appear to be much disturbed by the light 
of the torches carried by our party, but upon being touched with sticks, they 
instantly recovered animation and activity, and flew into the dark passages of the 
cavern. As the cave was, for the most part, not more than six or seven feet in height, 
they could very easily be removed from the places to which they were suspended, 
and some of the party who were behind me disturbed some hundreds of them at 
once, when they swept by me in swarms to more remote, darker, and safer places 
of retreat. In flying through the caves they made little or no noise; sometimes 
upon being disturbed in one place they flew but a few yards and then instantly 
settled in another. These bats, in hibernating, suspend themselves by the hinder 
claws from the roof or upper part of the cave; in no instance did I observe one 
along the sides. They were not promiscuously scattered, but were collected into 
groups or clusters of some hundreds, all in close contact. O 11 holding a candle 
within a few inches of one of these groups, they were not in the least troubled 
by it; their eyes continued closed, and I could perceive no signs of respiration.” 
As an instance of the weight of the young which female bats have sometimes 
to carry with them, we may refer to an account by Mr. W. H. Hudson, who states 
that in La Plata he once captured a female bat, which, although mentioned by an¬ 
other name, appears to have belonged to a variety of this species, dliis bat had 
attached to her breast two young, which were so large that it seemed incredible 
how she could fly when thus burdened, much less with sufficient speed to catch her 
insect food. Mr. Hudson states that these young ones were fastened on each side 
of the body of the parent; and when forcibly separated from their hold were 
incapable of flight, and fluttered feebly to the ground. The weight of the young 
in this instance was not, indeed, so relatively great as in the case of the opossum, 
where seven or eight young may sometimes be seen clinging to the tail and back of 
the female; but then it must be remembered that the opossum has only to climb, 
