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pomological. 
FRUITS RECEIVED. 
By F. R. ELLIOTT. 
[Concluded from page 12, last No.] 
Sweet Romnnitc. 
This has the bloom and the shading of 
red, according to the variety, as 1 first de¬ 
scribed it in 1846, and afterward in my fruit 
book; but it is more oblique in form; and 
from this oblique form, which I so often find 
in the variety as grown -west of Ohio, I have 
sometimes queried if there might not he a 
distinct variety—a seedling partaking of the 
original, but changed in form. 
FnmurM' and Snow Apple. 
Specimens tinder each of the above names 
are of course identical. The former stands 
in the books as the true name, and culti¬ 
vators should try to conform thereto. 
Todd Pippin. 
This is new to me, and yet there is a look 
about it that seems to remind me of an ac¬ 
quaintance. It is possible the child brings 
up its father. 1 wish you would trace the 
history and report to me. Meantime I will 
make and record description. 
Fruit large, roundish, oblique; surface 
slightly broad ribbed or undulating, and 
while apparently oily and smooth, the small 
raised russet dots upon it give it a rough 
touch. Color clear, rich, pale yellow, with 
a few scattering, raised, small russet dots, 
with a light suffused base. Stem slender, 
about three-fourths of an inch long, set in a 
deep, open, acute cavity, slightly russetted at 
base. Calyx closed with long, narrow, half 
rcllexcd segments, set in a deep, open, fur¬ 
rowed basin. Flesh white, a little spongy, 
sob-acid, not rich ; only “good.” Core me¬ 
dium, rather open, with seeds compact at 
the upper end. 
Rnl Canada. 
Correct, but with more mold or fungoid 
on its surface than when grown here in 
Northern Ohio or in Western New York. 
The color is also less bright. 
Golden Rkhsci. 
This Is correct, its synonym being English 
Golden Russet, to designate it from the 
Golden Russet of Massachusetts. It is 
doubtless one of the most valuable sorts for 
rich Western soils. 
Detroit Keel. 
Correct; but when the readers of the 
Rural learn that the specimen measured 
thirteen and one-baif inches around, they 
will concede Nebraska ns good a name for 
producing fruits of large size as has ever : 
been credited to California. 
and its size almost dispelled belief in its 
being simply tlie old Wine apple; but a 
taste of its flesh proved conclusive. Thirteen 
inches around is, however, a little ahead in 
size of those we Eastern men are in the 
habit of growing. 
*»»♦■- 
THE GRAPE TRADE. 
A QUESTION asked me quite frequently is, 
“ What is the matter with the grape trade ?” 
That is just what I would like fo know. It 
began very promising, and fruit sold well up 
to and during the break on the Erie Road ; 
this took place during the height of the Dela¬ 
ware crop, the most of which accumulated 
on the road during this time. The quanti¬ 
ties detained of the different varieties would 
amount to one hundred tons, and the imme- 
' diatc delivery of this immense quantity in 
two or three days injured the market. Dur¬ 
ing the detention, fruit was so scarce that the 
orders of a single dealer amounted to over 
one hundred eases, and the filling of which 
for the first, t wo days cleaned the fruit out as 
first as it arrived; but there is a limit to the 
grape trade, as well ns everything else; the 
quantity was too large to work off at fair 
prices. 
with a little care on the part of the growers 
and a combination of the dealers, hut this 
year a number of dealers not accustomed to 
deal in grapes, began the business, and, hav¬ 
ing little or no experience in t hat line, or 
customers for the fruit, became frightened at 
BELVIDERE GRAPE. 
A seedling native grape, received from 
L. L. Lake, 31. D., Belvidere, Ill., is one of 
considerable promise. The hunches are of 
rather more than medium size—sav four and 
the amount of fruit they received, and were a-half to five inches long—shouldered corn- 
compelled to sell at such prices as sharp, 
shrewd buyers chose to offer them; the 
consequence was that the old dealers were 
deserted by the city purchasers for these 
new men, because they could buy so much 
cheaper of them. Some of these men would 
sell a Catawba for 9c. as quick as they would 
an Isabella; for a grape was a grape to them; 
they knew no difference, and supposed the 
buyers were as ignorant as themselves. This, 
I consider, was the principal cause of such 
low prices prevailing. 
One dealer remarked to me,—“ I sold my 
Catawbas for 11c. I won’t have my store 
filled up with their grapes." At that time a 
good article was worth 14c. per pound, and 
I have known others to sell a prime article 
of Catawbas. in three-pound boxes, for 9c., 
when old dealers were realizing 12c. and 
12c. per pound. I asked another dealer 
what he was selling Catawbas at. “ Well,” 
pact, short peduncles; berries medium to 
large, quite round, black with dull bloom; 
flesh reddish purple next the skin, greenish 
white at center, almost soft to the center and 
with a peculiar spicy, sweet, nutmeg-like 
aroma or taste; seeds large and three in 
number; skin moderately thick but free from 
any of the usual astringent harshness of the 
ordinary native varieties. In quality the 
grape compares favorably with the Grove¬ 
ling, is superior to Hartford, but it remains 
to be seen bow it sets, and whether it holds 
its fruit, and if the vine is hardy and free 
from disease in other localities than its origin. 
The introducer, Dr. Lake, writes that he 
has fruited it nine years; that it ripens, when 
grown side, by side, two weeks earlier than 
the Hartford Prolific, atul does not drop its 
fruit from the bunch while upon the vine, as 
does that variety. So far as the sample of 
fruit before us, mid t he words of I)r. Lake 
<3: loxicnhntt. 
MISSOURI FLORA. 
The W ilil Flowers of Southern Missouri. 
To one like myself, who has spent most of 
his days in the Northern and Middle States, 
the gorgeoiisuess, beauty and fragancc of the 
wild flowers of Southwestern Missouri, pre¬ 
sent peculiar charms. I am no scientific 
botanist, and cannot talk intelligibly in 
the Latin names of our various flowering 
trees, shrubs and plants, but will endeavor 
to make myself understood as well as I can. 
I pass over the very early flowers, such as 
the wood violets, pansies, and other small 
blooms which make their appearance, often, 
early in March, to the full opening of spring, 
which occurs herefrom the middle of March 
to the middle of April. Then our wilds are 
blooming with the Wild Crab Apple, the bril¬ 
liant scarlet of I he Judas Tree or Red Bud, the 
yellow blossoms of the Sassafras tree, and 
fragrant flowers of the Wild Cherry and 
Plum. These congregated together, and 
they are usually' so found, present a oombi- 
ansivcrcd lie, “I ask 11c., arc evidence, the grape is one of promise, nation of color and richness of bloom, rarely 
I.,-) 
mifF ^' 
r/ 
and get the best offer I 
can, then sell, if it’s only 
at 9c. This incident 
shows about the state of 
the market caused by this 
class of commission deal¬ 
ers. A few of the old 
dealers tried to stem this 
state of affairs, and did in 
a measure; forbad they 
thrown their stock on the 
market as others did, and 
entered into competition 
with them, they would 
have crushed the market 
and our advice is to have a vine each placed 
in the hands of half a dozen grape growers 
in different sections for fruiting, that, they 
may report; the owner, in the meantime, 
holding t he voucher of the recipient, not to 
propagate or distribute the propagations. 
Dr. Lake writes also that the “specimens 
sent would not by any means do justice to 
it.” Now, we do not wish to quote this as 
a paragraph against I lie grape, nor the Doc¬ 
tor, alone, but against nearly every one who 
sends in a now fruit; and we confess when¬ 
ever we find this excuse we are led to doubts 
rather than increased belief; for it is in tbe 
nature of man, when producing a new thing 
down to the price of or introducing a new idea, to do his best to- 
TODJ1 IM I’l’lN APPLE. 
Moimrc.li, 
Correct, but more conical, or roundish 
conical, than usual at the East. It also luus 
more and deeper color. Why it should ever 
have obtained a synonym of Monarch Sweet, 
I know not, for the flesh is a pleasant sub¬ 
acid, tender and very good. 
Sivnar. 
Correct. I hope this variety may con¬ 
tinue good in Nebraska, but the green mold 
blotches on the specimens here cause me to 
question its future success in any but clear, 
sandy' loam. 
Ilcti. Davis. 
Tliis under name of New York Pippin is 
correct. Try and have your people adopt 
the acknowledged name. 
Wliire Winter Ponriiiniii. 
Correct, and one of the most valuable va¬ 
rieties for the whole Smith west. 
Domino. 
Correct, but so large that our valued friend, 
Ciiaules Downing, who looked over the 
specimens hastily with me, could hardly 
believe it true. One specimen measured 
twelve inches in circumference. . 
Nonpareil, 
Correct, but with less russet than usual. 
It has been counted in this country as only a 
second-rate sort, unworthy cultivation; and, 
compared with other varieties here shown, 
that classification is a correct one. It is a 
spicy, sprightly fruit, but too acid to please 
the taste of any one accustomed, as most 
American fruit growers are, to the knowl¬ 
edge of such varieties as Monarch, Red 
Canada, Ac., &e. 
William TwIbr, 
Correct specimens, fine, large and smooth. 
Esopus Spitzenbertr. 
Correct, and, judging from the samples, 
promises pretty well; yet the small specks 
of dry rot near the apex should cause West¬ 
ern planters to carefully watch the soil in 
which it docs succeed ere they venture to 
plant largely of it. 
Rome Beauty. 
Correct, hut for a wonder is not so large 
as frequently grown in Southern Ohio. It j 
lias the dry rot specks al§o, t hat should make 
ptanters look carefully to soil and location 
before planting largely of it, for it is a vari¬ 
ety that, so far, has never done well except 
in specific localities. 
Wine. 
This was labelled “ English Red Streak,” 
The Delaware crop was large and the fruit 
good, and it sold readily from 1*5 to 18 cents, 
up to the break in the market; then much of 
the fruit detained arrived in a damaged con¬ 
dition, and had to be sold at low figures to 
get rid of it. It is the extreme of folly for 
growers to send this fruit to market not half 
ripe, as it will only' sell to a low class of ped¬ 
dlers at about the price of freight,, which 
creates dissatisfaction in the mind of the 
owners, and is a source of no profit to the 
dealers. Growers should remember that this 
variety is strictly a fancy fruit; its beauty is 
tin; principal attraction, and if it, does not 
possess this feature it is the meanest grape to 
sell that wo have iti our market. Please re¬ 
member this when you are packing inferior 
Delawares for market, and don’t imagine 
that you will realize a high price for them. 
Again, never make use of a box containing 
over three pounds to pack them in. Retail 
dealers prefer this size, or smaller. 
* or these firms 
I millmllSilllm/m/f wcre rece * v * n g from two 
mWmmmff 10 ^ our tons p er day, and 
one of them had twenty 
t0nH on ,ian< * at one time. 
This man alone could 
have crushed the market 
had he seen fit to do so. 
The demand for the 
Isabella has been greater 
than 1 have ever known 
it. The low prices caused it to be sent all over 
the country, and the fruit has never been 
better, or given as good satisfaction to the 
consumer; in fact, this feature lias seriously 
interfered with the sales of the red grapes. 
Lost, year the JLaoaml for the Isabella ceased 
before Thanksgiving, and it could only be 
sold to the wagoners; but this year it has 
increased over the other varieties, and almost 
killed the demand for the Catawba, Diuua 
and Iona, selling readily to the dealers at 9c,, 
while the latter went begging at 10e. 
1 confess that I cannot account for the 
falling off of the demand from the East for 
the red varieties, unless they are not as good 
as usual, I think the Catawba is not as fine 
as in previous years; they are more astrin¬ 
gent, and are not so sweet, besides being 
afflicted with the rot in many instances 
before ripening; they do not look bright on 
opening, but possess a dull, dead appearance 
that is very objectionable to the buyers. 
The Iona may lie all 
ward its favorable exhibition. 
We have made our drawing and descrip¬ 
tion from a loose, broken bunch, and it may' 
lie, as Dr. Lake will probably say, below 
actuality; but, it is not, our forte to imagine 
any fruit perfect, nor can we so present it 
until we see it. [See engraving on page 
29 .]—e. 
-- 
POMOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE. 
TODD PIPPIN APPLE—OUTLINE. 
The growers of the Catawba were advised fore 
not to send this fruit to market until nfter par 
the Delawares were all sold, for if they did Dia 
they would ruin the sale of both. They did “ tr 
not heed this advice, but, strange to state, it t< 
the larger number seemed determined to gra] 
force them on the market, and have them big] 
for it; hut most cer¬ 
tainly it has tailed to 
give satisfaction to 
\ the consumers, and 
that I consider to be 
\. tbe best test of the 
-V \ value of any fruit. 
^ \ There has been no 
i— x \ demand for it. Some 
_ V \ \ would buy it once 
. ^ W \ from curiosity, but, 
\ -Vv that would satisfy 
\ \) them. There is no 
1 A fruit in the country' 
j / that lias had so much 
' ) money spent on it for 
( / advertising as that 
J / lias; and, if we be- 
/ I lieve all that we have 
) j seen published about 
/ / it by its originator, 
/ we must come to the 
y conclusion that the 
_“gods” never tasted 
such fruit, for all otli- 
rarp , 
er varieties grown be¬ 
fore were not worth mentioning in com¬ 
parison. The Catawba was “ foxy," the 
Diana “ catty,” and the Concord only 
“trash,” and yet these varieties will outsell 
it to-day. It, may be that tlie palates of our 
grape consumers are not yet cultivated to as 
liieh a standard us those who have long 
sed it to be sent all over A correspondent and a good, careful 
fruit lias never been pomologist, writes as follows:—“Iutliein- 
od satisfaction to the troduetion of new sorts or disputed nomen- 
; feature lias seriously datura there is much to be regretted in that 
les of the red grapes, the American Pomological *Society' does not 
for the Isabella ceased take a bolder stand. Too many thing* are 
tnd it could only be allowed to pass as they do at, any' local so- 
but this year it lias cicty’s meeting, and the public are led to 
r varieties, and almost error by an inert, and irresponsible, and yet 
the Catawba, Diuua an assumed authority — extracts of the pro- 
y to the dealers at 9c,, ceedings of which are taken by dealers to 
egging at 10c. serve their ends, and thus impose on the 
inot account for the public. This should no longer be. 
uid from the East for fruit is brought up, or the nomenclature 
they are not as good questioned, no remark or discussion should 
Aitawba is not as fine be allowed without the matter having first 
hey are more astrin- passed the criticism and report of a corn- 
sweet, besides being mittee. 
in many instances “ The discussions and remarks are accept- 
lo not look bright on ed by the public, and, if in fbvoror partially 
lull, dead appearance so, are, by interested parties, made to assume 
lie to the buyers. the position of full recommendation; the 
The Iona may be all disappointments which follow weaken the 
its originator claims confidence of the general public in the con- 
for it; but most cer- elusions and recommendations, in general, 
tainly it has failed to which emanate from this source, 
give satisfaction to ** The American Homological Society is 
the consumers, and believed to be au association of professional 
that I consider to be me n, whose object is to advance the interests 
the best test of the of the craft. This it really should he; but 
value of any fruit, it should at the same time bo wore and higher 
I here has been no than that, viz.: the conservator and guardian 
demand foi it. *Some of the interests of Pomology in the highest 
would buy it once sense, and for the whole country. To be this 
from curiosity, hut it must, never subject itself to the suspicion 
tliat would satisfy of collusion, nor even allow its members to 
them. J here is no compromise it by one-sided and uncontra- 
fruit in the country' dieted commendations of new and unknown 
that has had so much candidates for its endorsement.” 
money spent on it for ^ Tiiorn. 
sold immediately, although they preached been fed on them, and the time may come 
the doctrine that this variety was scarce and 
must bring n high price. The consequence 
was, that before the Delawares (which were 
detained on the road) were all sold, the 
Catawba was received in such large quanti¬ 
ties that tiie result was a grand break down 
in prices. This might have been avoided 
when it will prove to he all flint is claimed 
for it, but it has not yet. Perhaps the prin¬ 
cipal objection to the fruit may be that it 
lias not ripened this season. 
New York, Hoc., 18(19. Now and Then. 
-- 
Send us fruit experiences. We like ’em. 
Mammoth Cluster Raspberry — History.—Mr, 
Pxtkdv, in his history of Mammoth Cluster, in 
Rural of October 30, says: 
“As to the origin of the .Mammoth Cluster, we 
would simply say that a correspondent in Missouri 
wrote ns*, a lew years ago, while living ai South 
Bend, In<l., lilinul this berry, slating that it came up 
in the nemo! a funnel' neigh liormg farmer in Indiana 
(Marion county!—that Insliud cultivated it and found 
It superior ui any black raspberry lie had ever seen, 
and advised us t< * procure some of the plants. Wedid 
so: but as no name was given t<* them, tint we 
remember of, we set them out, and thought but little 
more about them at that time. As oui correspond¬ 
ence lilts been very large tr.*nt that tirin' tu this, 
niucli of It destroyed, and tin* rest here and at South 
Bend.it is impossible for us to liud It, and hence do 
not remember the name of the titan from whom wo 
obtained the original plant nor Ins pnst-ufttcc. We 
think we have since had mi order front him in Mis¬ 
souri. and that be stated that, he had sold out in 
Indiana. Of this, however, we are not certain.” 
Now in order to refresh the memory of Mr. 
Tunny we quote from a letter of his in pur 
possession dated as late as August 13 , 1808, in 
which he says;—“ T have written to the gentle¬ 
man I first obtained the Mammoth Cluster of, 
and lind he has sold out and plantation run out. 
He is well pleased with the name we have 
given it.” 
Now with this data and date before him, can¬ 
not Mr. Purdy obtain the name of that “ man " 
by some hocus pocus or other? 1 1 is only inter¬ 
esting as a matter of history, for the nomencla¬ 
ture of the fruit is now settled. 
I to be excelled. Then a little later, when the 
i wild grape vines show their blossoms ami 
’ exhale their pleasing fragrance, a ride 
, through our woods, presents a lovely and 
i fairy-like scene. 
Come we now to the strictly flowering 
plants. The 1’hloxes, brilliant in their pink 
and crimson; the Verbenas, varying from a 
delicate lilac to an intense pink; the Indian 
Pink, with its gorgeous scarlet and yellow 
shades; the delicate Wild Geranium, the 
whole tribe of Balms; these present to the 
lover of flowers an assemblage of blossoms 
rare for their size, brilliancy of color and 
genial perfume. 
A little later, and tbe Mimosa, with its al¬ 
most fairy-like foliage, closing its fringe-like 
leaves at the slightest touch, its beautiful 
crimson, pink flowers, redolent of perfume, 
invites special attention. The Wild Lupine, 
with its pink and yellow blossom and sage- 
liko foliage; the Yellow .Mimosa; the Star 
Flower; the Zinnia, and lots of others, 
comprising hues of the deepest ultramarine, 
crimson, scarlet, yellow, and, indeed, of nil 
the prismatic tints, offer to the enthusiastic 
florist a wide and charming field for selection. 
The wild Verbena grows in boundless pro¬ 
fusion, and many have enriched their flower 
gardens here by transplanting both this and 
numerous others. Indeed, there are hardly 
any of our wild flmvers that I have met with 
which might not prove an notpiiaitiou to any 
collection. The Clematis, rich in fragrance 
and profuse in its bloom, rivals the white 
blossoms of the blackberry, of which whole 
I acres offer their bloom and fragrance till 
about tbe last of June, when the grateful and 
delicious fruit begins to ripen, and offers 
abundance to all who care to gather. I 
have noticed ripe fruit and blossoms at the 
I same time on the blackberry hushes here, 
which to me was a novelty. [I may add 
that the wild blackberry, growing here in 
great profusion, excels any variety 1 have 
heretofore met with, of either wild or culti¬ 
vated specimens, both for size and richness 
of flavor, and abundance of product.] 
I should not omit, to mention the Haw¬ 
thorn, or thorn-apple as it is called here, 
which also grows in great profusion. Some 
varieties attain the size, of really beautiful 
trees, from twelve to sixteen feel high and 
with wide-spreading branches. There are 
sonic three or four varieties of the hawthorn 
which come in bloom just as the wild cher¬ 
ry and plum begin to shed their blossoms, 
and remain in bloom for several weeks. 
I have not as yet had an oportunity of ex¬ 
amining the prairie flowers, though I am 
told I shall be well repaid. The wild rose, 
both the dwarf and shrub, and a very gor¬ 
geous climbing rose, are also to be found in 
great profusion. t. 
Springfield, Mo. 
-»*>» - 
Flowers for Masses of Colors.—VlCK, in bis ad¬ 
mirable Catalogue, says:—The following are 
some of the most desirable plants for growing 
in masses. A few of the taller varieties are best 
for cutting: 
White— Sweet Alyssum, Candytuft, Clarkia, 
Sweet Pea, Phlox, Portulaca, Double White 
Rocket, Stock. 
Blue.— Ageratum Mc-xicanum, Campanula, F.u- 
toea. OiltoachlllaTpliii. Larkspur, Myosotis, Ne- 
rnophila insignis, Nigvlla, veronica Syrinca, 
Wbitlavta gr undid ova; Delphinium formofum 
and Campanula Medium are splendid in color, 
but do not endure through tbe season. 
Shades of fted ,—Oacalia cocclncn, Diantlms, 
Linun) grftndiflonun rulirum. Sweet Pou, Petu¬ 
nia, Phlox, Portulaca, Silenc, Stock, Zinnia. 
Yelle/W. — Rartonia aurea. Calliopsis, Erysi¬ 
mum, EsehschoJlzia, Marigold, Oxyura chrys- 
anthemoides, Portulaca, Sanvitalia, Dwarf Tro- 
pteoium. 
-- 
Kennedy for Damping Off.—Every florist has 
experienced loss from damping off of young 
seedlings and cuttings. The experience of an 
amateur in its treatment may be of value. 
When tbe fust one hus damped off, however 
small the plant, they are to be transplanted into 
new pans an inch apart ©Very way. The small 
plants tire raised with, the point of a knife re¬ 
taining ns much earth as possible, which, with 
care, may be enough to prevent the plants being 
cheeked, and planting them in the new puns 
into boles already made for their reception, 
plunging them nearly tip to their seed leaves. 
By this method the plague may be remedied 
and valuable plants saved that otherwise would 
prove a total loss.—w. 
