place In the pnblUhod transaetinna of this Asso¬ 
ciation. 
All of which is respectfully submitted. 
George Geddes ox Onondaga; Edward North of 
Oneida; X. A. Willard of Herkimer; Geo. Williams 
of Oneidu; G. C. Caldwell of Tompkins. 
Officers of the Association for 1870. 
Mr. Williams of Oneida, Chairman of 
the Committee on nominations, presented 
the following ;ih their report: 
For President —Horatio Seymour of New York. 
Tor Vloe-PresUirnta—Hon. T, G. Alvord, New York ; 
Anson Bartlett. Ohio: X. A. Willard. New York; 
Sanford Howard, Michigan; Hear;.' Wade, Canada 
West; O S, Bliss. Vermont: Mottos Hawks. Illinois ; 
A sab el Burnham. New York; — Bartholomew, 
Mns-nehUHiilts; G. II. Kltplu <t. Ohio: V. S. Harri¬ 
son, New York : N. W. Wtiudllne, North Carolina; C. 
H Wilder. Wisconsin; John M. Wehh, Now York J 9. 
M. Wells.Connecticut; H. Oiliues, Kentucky: Levi 
Wells. PctinsjrlYtinla: ('. K Chadwick. Canada. For 
-Srctffarp'-G. It. Weeks, Syracuse. New York. For 
Treanmr- Ur. L. L. Wight, Wiulcsburo, New York. 
The Convention concurred in the report, 
and the officers nominated were declared 
duly elected to serve during the ensuing year. 
Mr. Arnold of Tompkins, now read an 
elaborate essay on Rennet, detailing some 
experiments he had made during the past 
season, when the Convention took a recess 
until half-past, seven in the evening. [To be 
Continued.] 
money In the year? The speaker would like to 
see the tenant cf dairy of forty cows who, 
after paying ail .'»pc.v 'M $500 in n 
year. The time had come for farmers to or¬ 
ganize in order to protect their interest. He 
hoped a committee would he appointed by the 
Associat ion to ascertain the exact cost of cheese 
per pound. Again, at this end of each see soil, 
both dealer and producers arc surprised at I he 
great product of cheese which has been mode 
and gone into consumption. The speaker cited 
figures to show that home consumption had in¬ 
creased enormously of late years. This increase 
was owing somewhat, of course, to the increase 
ura I ^rrliitfrturf 
supply of liquid to the blood and tissues not 
only favors the destructive and reparatory 
changes in those, but maintains in full ac¬ 
tivity the various secreting organs, coun¬ 
teracting costiveness, suppressed concen¬ 
trated and irritating urine, inspissated bile, 
and the like, lie believed that the day was 
not distant when wc shall have extensive 
plots of turnips, beets and other roots on all 
our dairy farms. In the absence of roots or 
potatoes, wheat bran and pea meal, cut hay 
trirg Ifjtfsbitnfrrg 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., EDITOR, 
Or Ltm.it Fails, Hubkimhk County, Nitw Yokk, 
FARMER’S COTTAGE, 
BY L. D. SNOOK 
AMERICAN DAIRYMENS’ ASSOCI 
ATION. 
The design given will answer for farmers 
of moderate means. The rooms are of suffi¬ 
cient size and number for a family of seven 
persons. It presents a. good variety, and 
would be considered an attractive home 
when ornamented with a small collection of 
judiciously arranged flowers and shrub¬ 
bery. There is also another method of 
permanently ornamenting dwellings, which 
Proceed burn nt the Annmil Meeting nt Utica, 
Ji. Y,, January Hi and 13, 1870. 
The large number of people gathered to¬ 
gether at the recent Annual Convention ol 
the American Dairymens’ Association at 
Utica, N. Y., January 12 and 13, must clear¬ 
ly indicate that dairy fanning is attracting 
much attention, while the delegations from 
the Eastern, middle, Western, Northwestern 
and Southern States, together with that of 
Canada, would seem to show that, t his branch 
of agriculture is being rapidly carried into 
new districts. Not only in point of num¬ 
bers, but in matters of solid, useful informa¬ 
tion brought out, the Convention Ibis year 
must be considered as having surpassed, by 
far, any of the previous meetings of the As¬ 
sociation. 
Gov. Seymour, President of the Associa¬ 
tion, being absent, Hon. T. G. Alvord of 
Syracuse, First Vice-President, called i lie 
meeting to order. He referred to the unfor¬ 
tunate accident which had prevented the 
attendance of the presiding officer of t he As¬ 
sociation, and in a brief but eloquent speech 
touched upon the objects of the Association 
and the important work it was doing for t he 
manufacturer and consumer of dairy pro¬ 
ducts. The morning session was occupied 
in the appointment of the usual Committees 
on Order of Business, Finance and Officers, 
when a recess was taken until two P. M. 
On the re-assembling of the Convention 
in the afternoon the attendance was large, 
nearly filling all the seats on the floor of 
Mechanics’ Hall, while a considerable num¬ 
ber took seats in the galleries. President 
Alvord cordially welcomed to the Conven¬ 
tion the members of kindred Associations in 
this and other States, and invited the officers 
of such Associations to take seats upon the 
stage. Dr. L. L. Wight wan then called upon 
to report in regard to the Internal Revenue 
tax on the sales of cheese. He gave a very 
full statement of the ease, referring to the 
action of the Commissioner, giving the cor¬ 
respondence between the Committee and rev¬ 
enue officers, and recommending, in behalf 
of the Committee, a petition from the Con¬ 
vention to Congress to modify the law so as 
to relieve manufacturers from the tax im¬ 
posed. On motion of Mr. Comstock a Com¬ 
mittee was appointed to draw up and present 
such a petition. The programme for the day 
was then announced as follows:—Paper by 
Prof. James Law of Cornell University, on 
“The Feeding of Cattle ns Affecting their 
Health and Disease,” Addresses by Hon. 
X. A. Willard and Judge Loomis of Her¬ 
kimer county. In the evening a paper by 
Prof. G. C. Caldwell of Cornell University, 
on “Fermentation and Putrefaction in their 
Relations to t he Manufacture of Cheese.” 
Addrena l>y Prof. I.nw. 
Prof. Law was then introduced and pro¬ 
ceeded to deliver his lecture. This paper 
was quite lengthy and contained a large 
amount of useful information. We can 
only give a brief abstract of the more im¬ 
portant points. He said two of the mala¬ 
dies most dreaded by the stock owner of the 
old world —rinderpest and epizootic aptha— 
are happily unknown on the American Con¬ 
tinent. The Texan fever, now that the 
mode of its propagation is known, need 
never again find its way north of the thirty- 
fifth parallel of latitude. Pleuro pneumo¬ 
nia alone threatens our doors, but as the 
cattle trade is almost exclusively from West 
to East the disease will continue to hover 
around our Eastern homesteads wherein 
circumstances are favorable. If the cattle 
trade went from East to West not only 
Western New York, but the vast. States of 
the Occident must he devastated. The 
sound policy for the American agriculturist 
to pursue in regard to this disease is to 
make a vigorous and sustained effort to an¬ 
nihilate it, until the last affected beast has 
perished. He referred to the various con¬ 
stituents of food and the importance of giv¬ 
ing such as would supply the animal with, 
the requisite material for repairing the waste 
continually going on in the body, and for 
maintaining health. Cows which are yield¬ 
ing milk and are pregnant experience a 
large demand for the tissue-forming ele¬ 
ments, that neither their ow n system nor that 
of their progeny may suffer in nutrition or 
development. 
A certain amount of liquid in intimate 
connection with the proximate principles 
will serve to facilitate their assimilation, and 
thereby increase their value. As an examplo 
of this, he said a bullock may be kept in 
fair condition on one hundred and twenty 
WINTER MILK 
Requisites for Obtaining Healthy Milk in 
Winter. 
Thomas Whitaker, Needham, Mass., 
makes some very sensible remarks in a late 
number of the New England Farmer, in re¬ 
gard to the care and feeding of milch cows, 
lie. says unless the skin of a cow' is kept in 
a healthy condition, she cannot give healthy 
milk nor yield good butter. A healthy skin 
he regards os indispensable. Since through 
the pores of the skin a large amount of effete 
matter is thrown off, and if these pores are 
not kept open this matter is thrown back 
into the system and goes off by other secre¬ 
tory vessels, which are as likely to be tbe 
milk glands as any others. When this con¬ 
dition prevails, the skiu becomes dry, scaly 
and itchy, and the cows are continually rub¬ 
bing and licking themselves. The grooming 
of the cow, therefore, would remedy this to 
a great extent. And, as hay and oleaginous 
foods tend to increase an unhealthy condition 
of the skin, a liberul supply of roots should 
be given, to correct the evil, which, together 
with grooming, will, for the most part, if not 
wholly, counteract the difficulty. lie gives 
his method of treating stock, and its results, 
as follows: 
In winter I go to the barn at half-past live 
o'clock In the morning-, rather sooner, perhaps, 
than a good many would like to go. I give each 
cow a small handful of hay. mid then go to 
grooming them Just the same as I should a 
horse — Unit the curry comb, then the corn 
broom brush, and then the hair brush—keeping 
them supplied with hay, a small quantity at a 
time, for about an hour. Then the boy milks. 
At night wo All a pork barrel with cut hay with 
which wo Mix about a half a peek of cotton 
seed meal, half a peck of corn meal, and half a 
peek of short*. Upon this mixture we pour hot 
water, and cover with an air tight Ud. In tbo 
morning we pour on more hot water, and after 
milking this is given to the cows; at eight 
o'clock they arc turned out to water? ut noon, 
when the boys come from school, they are fed 
with hay, and nt four o’clock a little more hay ; 
I hey are then turned out to water. After which 
they are led each a pailful of mangolds, ruta¬ 
bagas and carrots cut line; then cleaned anil 
milked, then they have each about two quints 
of cotton seed meal, corn meal mid sborts- 
equal quantities of latch ; Upon this boiling wa¬ 
ter is poured, to which cold water is added 
enough to till ;i pait, with a little suit; alter this 
a little more hay, and I hey arc left fur the night. 
And now for the result. Wo sell one hundred 
and thirty-six quarts of new milk a month; in 
November we sold fifty-seven pounds of butter; 
in December we shall sell about the same quan¬ 
tity. besides what wo have for family use. This 
is from two cows and a heiforthm was t wo years 
old last April, and call ed the first ot May. One 
of the cows dropped her calf in May, the other 
List September. We made butter all lust winter, 
and shall make it nil this winter. It pays hotter 
to make butter in w filler than summer. Churn¬ 
ing has never exceeded half an hour, and gener¬ 
ally inside of that time. The milk Is not scalded, 
hut tbe cream before churning is brought ton 
temporal me of about slxtv degrees. I would 
say here that my wife was brought up on a New 
England farm, and that ahe loves to make but¬ 
ter: but. she is satisfied that unless the cows art* 
properly fed she cannot make good butter, uud 
the fact that her butter comes so quick she 
ascribes to the feeding ot the cows. A neigh¬ 
bor of mine some little time ago. told me my 
cows were too fat, and would dry up. A short 
time after he asked me how my wife got her 
butter, lie said IDs wife hud churned alt day, and 
after he got home he took hold and churned till 
ten o’clock, and the butter did not come then. 
1 told hfiu to keep his cows as fat as mine and 
butter would come in hall and hour. 
Plan No. 1. 
A, veranda; B, living room, 13x12 feet; C, kitehon. 
13x12; D, pantry, SxllK ; E. E, bed-rooinB, each 6x 
7'A ; F. laundry. 9x12. 
many architects and builders seem to ignore, 
viz.: providing tbe wiudows of the house 
with blinds. A country residence without 
blinds, to tny optica, presents a cheerless, 
unfinished appearance. The first cost may 
be twomy-five to fifty dollars more, but this 
is more than counterbalanced by the neat, 
tasty appearance it gives the dwelling, both 
summer and winter; besides, when a room 
is seldom used, it can be easily darkened 
through the medium of blinds. Carpets, fur¬ 
niture, &c., will thereby retain their bright 
luster longer, giving them an appearance of 
newness, so much desired by the tidy house¬ 
wife. This article may be read by thou¬ 
sands whose dwellings are not furnished with 
blinds; let sui^i step in at the nearest sash 
and blind factory and order them You will 
please yourself, your family and the traveler, 
besides materially adding to the value 
bcauty of your domicile. 
IhA-TilVIEK,’S COTTAGE-KFjTC VATION, 
or straw slightly fermented by admixture in population, but thereVei 
with water, or, still belter, boiled, may be which it wna owing, such ns g 
substituted. The udviutUtgc of cooking food Sf-C 
j del ml to. Cooking disintegrates tlio utmost to supply homo consul 
woody fiber, dissolves the salt, and presents of cheese should not bo allo\ 
the whole in a condition admirably adapted low tw outy cents per poum 
for easy and perfect digestion. The en- 
lianced value of food from properly cooking 6ized otteese, eo as to sell them 
is not less t han one-tliird. pie would buy a cheese which 
But in encouraging the secretion of milk for *■'* and tluis eonsumpt 
by warm food, we must avoid establishing a 2S2SL #B C # . 
dram on the system for which there is no 0 f cutting cheese. 
compensating supply of food. The fatty und The masses In America can 
saline constituents must be freely given or for cheese than those in Hugh 
the Strength suffers, and the animal may fall ttrw h ^ hor ; 11 is liat P en 
.. ,. T . are dissatisfied with the pri 
mto consumption. We must consider that d( , aUir8 are linxlous sww , 
the pregnant cow parts with seventy pounds Of course it was to their inti 
of tissue-forming elements during the nine as cheap as they could. Dali 
months of gestation for the growth of her ® hou,<1 base their prices upc 
Cali, and above what is yielded in milk. In duotlon of chee80 in England 
many Scotch dairies the winter dairy food is tin- annual product or the ci 
about fitly pounds turnips, a bushel of grains, not show an Increase over the 
six to ten pounds of bean meal, and straw at bt ' r of a *°* E,| kUsb cuj 
.. , i where they can obtain it cb 
discretion. The cows not, only yield an j JavcqUftn ,jtH«„„hand in c 
abundant supply of milk, but gain in con- of any year falls off. Thcco 
ditloil. nctf* i* becoming of Imports 
The importance of variety of food was re- dcnKtKi by eliminating seven 
,, water, ami is restored to its 
lei red to. Stock fed constant ly on the same j,y i n tlio same umoun 
diet thrives badly, and frequently dies. Foods densed milk is put up in oai 
containing a high percentage of oily or fatty warded to any place with ft 
constituents exert a beneficial influence on milk is coining into favor. 
,, , , „ . ... seated figures which went to 
the whole, process of nutrition. Under t heir wcnild muke more hy oondeu 
use the albuminoid and other tissue-forming then disposing of it in that for 
elements are more thoroughly digested, the tug it into choose at forty 
blood becomes richer, and the nourishment w< * ,ern P'- opl ° have Kone * 
more perfect. Hence, linseed oil cake, rape un) ,. ftct lglhe sccll , in(r of ;iI1 
cake, and other oleaginous foods tvererecom- for curing cheese. A tempi 
mended. Food calculated to irritate the degrees Ls the best. An even 
stomachs of animals should he avoided. If b0 obtained by subtemnea. 
such tood were led in any great quantities to nn even temperature u obi a 
animals serious consequences would ensue, thought it was of importance 
lie referred to the effects of dry, irritating mium should be paid the 
food in producing symptoms of brain disease cheese wind. shows high ski! 
, * „ o j i rowotforod. In this way tin 
aim loss of control over the land limbs. fao „,,. jes throughout the co 
Owners of stock should seek by all means to creased. The speaker closet 
promote free digestion in the animals and the importance ot farmers i 
vlgorou, health Would follow 
T he speaker dwelt on seme of the diseases uot or<rnntecd for mutual pre 
to which cattle are subject, such as black high time that they took a m 
leg, milk fever, abortion, colies, diarrhea, &c., Mr. Willard spoke finol 
giving suggestions as to the cause and the terest ol all present to the i 
means of avoiding serious maladies; but wc QUCIlt,y a PP laudeJ * 
have no space to give a synopsis of these < * >n motion, the thanks c 
points that would do justice to this part of were tendered to Mi. Wn. 
the address. and interesting address. 
At the conclusion of his paper the Profes- Prof Edward North, 
sor was warmly applauded by the audience, ^ e S e , Chainnan of the Goi 
and, on motion of Mr. Comstock, a vote of Essays, then presented the. 
thanks was given by the Association for his follows: 
Very able address. Report of the Committee i 
Next in order as announced in the pro- °The^M 4 eAi«ric(i” H tuen>hers^d 
orormrif. -rcroo pointed by your offleiTrsto awar 
gramme V as hundred dollars for “ the best at 
Mr. Willard’s Address. on “The Clainiaof Cheese, us 
The following brief abstract, &c., of Mr. retKat " 15 *- c0rionu ca artlc 
Willard’s speech Is taken from the Utica yo ^r ,l g t »^ry!ana 0 Sv r e/1i 
Observer • savs on tin! above named aubjec 
u ^ v or tlio author*. 
N. A. W'rr.LAmn of Horkimer county was hero All those e-veiy* were carefull 
introduced to the Convention. Ho was greeted SUlir&r mei 
with applause, and proceeded to talk on the sub- partitive value, 
jeer of profit and loss, from year to year, in 
dairy farming. This was a subject of great In- WiVS D mile with entire harmony. 
ten-Ht. to al| farmers and dairymen. The dairy- unanimously in favor of the es 
man should know the accurate cost of his pro- this essay was written by Mr L 
dUCts ; then he can tell Just at what price to sell, a gentleman already well know; 
. , , , , . successful cheese maker and 
and can accordingly take advantage of the mar- wtll , ^ li0D „ L lL) advance 
kut. The actual coat of producing choose in Aeaoclailou. _ 
Central New York is not far from fifteen cents thatr good fortune in tin;: :•< 
per pound. The receipts from cheese at fifteen and reliable essay that combine 
cents per pound, on a dairy of forty cows, would *heeae fl in<ik«ff < An*w£aj^ e hat P 
be about 0. Dairies arc usually rented at fitted to accomplish tan object l 
two-fifths, which would give tbe tenant $0G0. S^S^^awbo^Jem 
Out of this he would have to pay tits share of ngroicat article ot loud.” 
taxes, furnish his machines tUld teams, pay and TO^rlw^^No^HrM^mahdy du 
board hired labor and support his family. A statement of the value of cheesi 
common Irish laborer and woman will command u "phn% & 8 l ^y 8 i markeV’' t No.°L?" b 
$500 a year and board. They invest no capital, contain many valuable sugg'esi 
have no cure. Which has realized the most scholarly and nttractl vo way. i 
Plan No. 2. 
G,veranda; If, living room, 17x12 feet: I, kitchen- 
18x11; K, bed-room, 8x10; L, pantry; M, laundry 
N, store-room ; O, woodshed. 
A cottage of the plan herewith furnished 
will cost from five hundred to twelve hun¬ 
dred dollars, according as the price of build¬ 
ing materials varies in different sections of 
tbe country. There are probably many 
localities of the West where it could be con- 
Report of the Newvtlle, Herkimer Co., Factory. 
—The following statement has been handed to 
us by Mr. C. G. Weatueiiwax, manufacturer at 
tho Newville Cheese Association, one of the 
fancy factories of the State:—Whole* number of 
cows delivering milk at the factory, 800; whole 
number of pounds of milk received, 3,064,621; 
whole number of pounds of cheese made, 311,- 
003; number of pounds of milk to make a pound 
of cured cheese, 0.82; average price per hun¬ 
dred pounds received on sales, $17.45; whole 
amount of cash received for cheese, $64,436.17. 
Tills factory is located about three miles south 
of Little Falls. It is a new factory, the past 
season being the second year of its operations, 
'lhe record is a good one. 
Piiioon Cticeite.—In a recent number of your 
paper there is an aceountof cheese which caused 
vomiting, etc., and was supposed to have been 
impregnated with some poison,—no one could 
tell how. Cheese made from milk which has 
been scalded in brass Kettles is poisonous. Very 
likely this cheese, or perhaps the rennet, during 
the process of manufacture, had been heated or 
kept in a brass or some similar metallic vessel. I 
have known of two oases where families have 
been made sick and vomiting by eating cheese, 
a partof itie milk having been scalded in a brass 
kettle. Brass kettles belong to the dark ages, and 
should bo sold to the first tin peddler who comes 
along, and no words wasted about the price.— 
f. o. o. 
Plan No. 8. 
P, veranda; Q, living room, 17x12 foe: . K.icban, 
13x12; S. pantry, 8x10)4: 1\ T, bed-room-. >.*ioh bX 
7X; U, laundry; V, store-room; X, wi dt id. 
structed for four hundred dollars, b; ( ; in ike 
vicinity of Eastern cities tho maximum fig- 
urea given would be reached 
$ pounds of turnips daily, but, could not be 
P" supported on eight or nine pounds oi hay, 
r though as judged by their relative amounts 
k of proximate principle, their nutritive value 
should be nearly the same. The plentiful 
Architectural *tyle is but the offec of a series 
of causes. It is the outgrowth cf a religious 
sentiment, the necessary real, t of elimatlo pe¬ 
culiarities, aud the typo of government, Its char¬ 
acteristics being modified by a hundred causes, 
each of which is, in its way, a potential influence. 
”1 
n 
X 
u ' 
