nal process, and, I guess, with less work. I 
am a cane pinclier to prevent slough, and 
can do it, and do, when I prune too close; 
but it should be done before the blooming, 
or at that tunc; and at any time through 
sloughing season, when too rapid growth 
is feared, it will lielp to prevent it. A vine 
grower must not have his foliage shaded. A 
pound of cure don’t help him. 
But I did not wish to force my ideas upon 
any one, but simply to answer tbe inquiry. 
I can say Mr. Bxinoton's plan will give you 
fruit,—good fruit. He claims he can im¬ 
prove the growth of vine with knife. I do 
know I was in bis vineyard last summer and 
be had stripped out and thinned out more 
fruit than 1 had on same age and number of 
vines; and I then told him “ he bad left too 
much on.” As 1 said, Ibis does not affect his 
fruiting a vine by his mode; but he may err 
in the quantity a vine can carry; and the 
season is not always as one wishes and ex¬ 
pects, to ripen grapes. I calculate to | ick 
and ship Isabellas last of September. I 
picked last season from tlie 22d September 
to the 10th October. 
As to mildew: If vines are kept free to 
sun and air, an overgrowth prevented b} r 
your pruning, on mine or any other plan, 
the land kept dry as possible, by draining if 
necessary, it will not attack much, if any, 
Sulphur is best to stay its progress after it. 
begins. Mildew can he compared to rust iu 
grain; and the same causes produce the 
same results. In the vine we can guard 
against it. It lias not troubled me. I ex¬ 
pect to ripen grapes every year, while I can 
see to them personally. Although I do not 
get as large a crop as some, it is sure and 
the grapes arc nice. s. l. d. 
Naples, N. Y., 1870. 
Sylvester —Named Baldwin, Bellebond 
and Greening. The Bellebond is of medium 
size and almost entirely red, not quite as 
dark as Twenty Ounce; shape somewhat 
conical ; flesh yellowish - white ; quality 
second rate; sub-acid. It is always fair and 
bears enormously. 
It was stated that Greenings sold at a 
higher average than Baldwins last fall, in 
Niagara and Wayne counties. 
Brooks— Each locality has its favorites. 
Tbe Northern Spy bears well on a warm, 
loamy, rich soil, The Baldwin and Rox- 
bury Russet succeed well in Wyoming Co. 
President Barry— The shipping qualities 
of the Spy arc good. 1 have seen it as far 
South as Georgia in good condition. 
Brooks—M r. IIammonb of Middlebury 
sold the crop for one year of twenty-five 
Northern Spy trees for $700. Tbe apples 
were shipped to New Orleans and re¬ 
tailed there for ten or twelve cents each. 
Cole (Lyons)—Spoke in favor of the 
Bellebond. 
Hooker— The Greening seems the , 
most desirable sort with dealers at kjj 
present. fM 
Smith (Syracuse)—The Golden Bus- |Jj 
set is superior iu quality to the Rox- Ml 
bury, and in many localities it is a bet- | iW 
ter bearer. I||n 
Frost —I have seven hundred trees VIM 
of Tompkins Co. King, which I expect \f| 
to graft over. vfj 
Jones (Geneva)—The Golden Russet \ 
makes the high priced cider of New 
Jersey and New York, 
Sylvester — The Tahnan Sweet 
grows and hears well, hut buyers won’t 
touch it. 
Host Remedy for Apple Worm. 
Townsend —We keep our hogs in the 
orchard, and find that the worms steadily 
decrease. 
Thomas —Ilogs are just the thing, hut we 
cannot get enough to do the work for large 
orchards. Thought sheep might possibly do 
as well. 
Sylvester —There is danger of their strip¬ 
ping the trees. 
Brooks —I have kept 9hccp in orchards 
and sustained no damage. A little smearing 
of most anything will keep off the sheep. 
Would put both sheep and hogs in orchards. 
Babcock lmd used gas lime at the rate of 
fifty bushels ,pw acre and thought the worms 
decreased. 
Sylvester —Gas lime is extremely dan¬ 
gerous. A little too much is certain death 
to the trees. I picked up several 
bushels of fallen apples and put. them 
in a proper place, hut failed to see a s 
single worm ever leave the fruit. / 
Best Fertilizer lor Old Orchard*. / 
Clark —I have put straw in winter 
about one foot thick over the roots of 
apple trees and found it improved the 
yield. Bpitzenbergs especially were 
improved. \ 
President Barry— The Spitzen- \ 
berg requires high cultivation. \ 
Townsend —1 would use straw, \ 
half a cart load to a tree. It throws ' 
off the moss and is useful as a mulch. 
Would scarify the surface with a 
cultivator. , 
Elliott —Had an orchard on hard, clay 
soil, and sowed Canada peas and plowed 
under when in bloom. It improved the soil. 
spring of that year, and if, as is presumed, 
he used them in his nursery, may they not 
have been taken thence to New Jersey and 
Pennsylvania ? 
WHY FRUIT DOES NOT SET, 
FRUITS RECEIVED, 
Your, correspondent from Ridgeway asks 
tbe cause of failure of the vines to set the 
fruit. I have had a small experience in 
grape growing; have read some, and listened 
to others some. I conclude that all vines 
set for fruit, and in fact there is no doubt of 
it. Nature is not at fault; man is. The 
trouble is not in fertilizing. The fruit is set, 
but is thrown off, or sloughed, from various 
causes. The principal one is the rapid 
growth of cane. Very warm weather, with 
warm rains, may make even a long pruned 
vine throw off its fruit; hut the general 
cause is short pruning. The sap rushes to 
BY F. R. ELLIOTT. 
The Noyes Apple. —For specimens of the 
Noyes apple I am indebted toO. II. Brown, 
Minot, Maine, who writes as follows;—“It 
originated on a farm, one mile from me, the 
soil being rotten, thin and slaty; and there 
its season is November and December, sel¬ 
dom keeping until January. On my farm, 
where the soil is deep and moist, they are 
larger and richer, and their season is from 
January to March. One 3 r ear 1 sent, them 
fresh to New York in May ; and in August, 
when finishing haying, gave my hoys to eat 
of them, although the specimens were then 
rather flat. On land inclining to sand, 
neither the trees or fruit succeed sufficiently 
to pay for planting. It is a local variety, in 
this vicinity in good repute, hearing well 
when in good soil and quite regularly, and 
bringing the highest price in market.” 
The specimens received were uniformly 
fair, much resembling outwardly small speci¬ 
mens of Winesap; but the fruit is specifically 
heavier, flesh much more firm and crisp, and 
evidently shows characters that arc in Wine- 
sap and Gelpin. It is a variety worthy of 
trial by Western fruitgrowers. 
Fruit below medium size, roundish oblate, 
slightly broad ribbed, rich clear red, deepest 
m the sun exposure, and dotted with a few ir¬ 
regularly formed dots. Stem usually slender, 
but occasionally is short and stout; cavity 
narrow and deep; calyx closed; basin 
broad, deep, ribbed; flesh yellowish, quite 
firm, crisp, yet tender, juicy, mild subaeid, 
rich and very good. Core with spreading 
round capsules; seeds quite broad and flat¬ 
tened ; season, November to February. 
Briar Saeet Crab. — This variety of the 
Siberian crab was received from A. G. Tut¬ 
tle, Bamboo, Wis., who sends the following 
description; — “The size is large for its 
species and t he appearance of the fruit very 
beautiful. Bo far as I can learn it has never 
been disseminated or described ; but in the 
present condition of pone logical interest 
connected with hardy fruits for flic extreme 
North and West, it is a variety worthy the 
attention and trial of all fruit, growers in 
that section. The description of the fruit is 
as follows ;—Size large ; form oblong trun¬ 
cate ; color light yellow, ground mottled, 
shaded and striped with rich, clear, light 
Vermillion red ; calyx closed, with long seg¬ 
ments, in a deep, corrugated basin; stem 
long, slender; cavity narrow, deep, yet open; 
flesh white, rather dry, mild, sweet, tender, 
good; core medium; season, September. 
THE BRIAR SWEET APPLE. 
The only particular in which the descrip¬ 
tion of the apple, now called “Parry’s While,” 
differs from the one I grew on my place at 
Elmwood, and sent samples and cut tings of 
to Mr. Dow ning, is, that the New Jersey 
specimen is said to ho a “ light, greenish 
white," while the one I produced was of a 
“ golden color, with a rose tinge on one 
side." This difference may be easily ac¬ 
counted for by tbe difference of climate, ex¬ 
posure, Ac. 
It may not be a matter of very great mo¬ 
ment, whether the apple is rightly named, 
or not; but you know, Mr. Editor, that we 
all have a pride iu claiming what little credit 
there may be in “ bringing out” a new va¬ 
riety of fruit. 
THE NOYES APPLE. 
tlie extremity and leaves the frui t in tbe 
rapid growth of the cane. 
Shading tbe leaves of vines will cause fruit 
to drop. Silently and surely these causes 
produce the result asked about in Rural. 
Some say the vine never sloughs its fruit 
after it is fairly set. It is a mistake. Isa¬ 
bellas and other ordinary varieties will drop 
at any time, from the time of passing from 
the blow to half-grown fruit, when there is 
sufficient cause for it. Vines must have buds 
enough left to take the flow of nap as evenly 
and easily as possible. A tier danger of slough 
is passed, pick off the fruit, or cut or break 
out the canes, only leaving w hat a vine can 
stone and ripen nicely. This is the secret of 
grape growing. More, judgment,.is required 
in balancing thovine than causing it to fruit. 
This ride holds good in every mode of 
To Rejuvenate OKI Grnpe \ ino«.— The editor 
of tho Practical Farmer says:—“ Iraving 1 on our 
premises, planted by former owners, probably 
twenty years, half a dozen old grape vines with 
large weal her* beaten trunks or stems, which 
made annually but little new ■wood and yielded 
but very row poor grapes, two seasons ago we 
out off the brunches and laid tlie main stems 
down tn tbe trenches, covering with about a Toot 
of earth. Vigorous mid healthy shoots sprang up 
In great abundance the weak ones of which 
were broken off and leading ones at proper dis- 
tane.es t rained to the arbor. The new growths 
are now clam, healthy and strong—sufficient to 
entirely cover the large arbor the present sea¬ 
son; we look for bushels of fruit from the new 
bearing wood. We sec old grape vines, every¬ 
where, doing no good and which could he made 
young and thrifty by this process.” 
iirbctwr 
A NEW CABBAGE 
I am acquainted with no cabbage that has 
given such general satisfaction as the FUder- 
kraut. It is more conical or “sugar-loaf” 
in form than any cabbage 1 have ever known, 
is very solid, and keeps well. It forms a 
solid head even under quite unfavorable cir¬ 
cumstances, and T do not think I ever ob¬ 
served three plants in an acre that failed to 
produce a fair marketable head. I was in¬ 
duced to import it on the recommendation 
of one of my German customers who thought 
he would have to return to Fatherland if lie 
could not get some of his favorite “ kraut ” 
TITE URIAH SWEET APPLE—OUTLINE. 
Mr. Parry slates that he first heard of 
this apple eighteen or twenty years ago; 
this was live to seven yearn after L sent the 
grafts to Mr. Downing. I may be mistaken 
in my conjecture that this is the same apple 
as that I exhibited in 1843—4; but the evi¬ 
dence, I think, is strongly in favor of my 
theory. Perhaps Mr. Charles Downing 
may be able to settle the question. 
T. Hart Hyatt. 
Sim Francisco, Cal., Jan., 1870. 
PARRY'S WHITE" APPLE; 
While Imperial, Parry’s White 
IlyaiCs Seedling f 
In your Rural of Dec. 4th are drawings 
and descriptions of an apple called “ Parry's 
White," or known in Pennsylvania as 
“ White Imperial ;” but a doubt is expressed 
as to its origin, or the true name of it, as it 
is not found in the hooks, Now, it is barely 
possible that the writer of this may throw 
some light on the subject, as, from the first 
glance 1 took of the drawings, the resem¬ 
blance was so striking to an apple I raised 
on my little rural-home farm in the suburbs 
of Rochester, called “ Elmwood." in 1843-4, 
that I could not resist the conclusion that it 
was the same apple that I brought to 
public notice in 1844, over twenty-five years 
ago. In the Albany Cultivator of Decem¬ 
ber, 1S44, page 362, appears the following 
paragraph ; 
“Superior Apple.— Mr. T. H. Hyatt, of Roch¬ 
ester, has left with us a sample of a kind of ap¬ 
ple which he thinks n seedling. It is medium 
sized, has a thin, smooth skill, Of a golden color, 
with a rosy tinge on one side. It. Is a fair, beau¬ 
tiful and exceedingly wcll-ffavored apple, ripon- 
ing from first of November to Christmas. 
Whether it is a seedling or not, it is certainly a 
very vatu a lit© apple. 11 it should appear that it 
has never received a name, we would suggest 
that of Hyatt's Sculling." 
The question now arises, if this is the 
same apple that is at this time cultivated in 
New Jersey and Pennsylvania, how did it 
get introduced into those States? We will 
explain. Late in Die autumn of 1843 we 
Sent specimens of this apple, as well as of 
the Northern Spy and some other varieties, 
to A. J. Downing, at Newburgh, and on the 
7th of January following, I received a let¬ 
ter from Mr. Downing, acknowledging the 
receipt of those specimens, from which I 
extract the following, omitting such particu¬ 
lars as relate to other matters: 
Highland Gardens, ! 
Newburgh, January 7th, 1844. f 
T. H. Hyatt, Esq .—Dear Str: The keg of ap- 
. pies arrived safely. I am pleased with the 
specimen of “ Hyatt's Seedling" apple, and 
>. would be very much obliged for- a few grafts of 
> it iu the spring, that we may make further trial 
\ of it iu our collection, already very largo, of 
this fruit. Very sincerely yours, 
I*- A. J. Downing. 
L In accordance with this request, I sent 
, Mr. Downing the grafts asked for in the 
THE NOYES A PULE—OL' il.I N E. 
cultivation. This is why Mr. Byington 
can get fruit always. He so trims and prunes 
that t here is no slough. This is his aim. In 
this he succeeds. His vines arc loaded be¬ 
yond all his neighbors’. lie may err in 
leaving too much fruit on for the vine to 
ripen. This is his fault,not his system’s. Mr. 
Byington is my townsman and neighbor; 
and a practical, close-observing man he is. 
To do away with slough, or dropping of 
fruit, has been his aim. He succeeds ad¬ 
mirably. 1 am a “ Fuller " man. My soil 
is light sand, with no manuring, and the 
plan works well. I use spurs if tlie horizon¬ 
tal arm is straight and of good size, contain¬ 
ing nothing to obstruct flow of sap. If not 
suitable, 1 lay a new arm. Vines arc ten 
feet, apart, on terraced side-liill. Mr. Bying¬ 
ton is opposed to spur pruning, and we do 
not agree in cultivation ; yet as to the habits 
of vine, necessity of long pruning and pre¬ 
ventives of slough, we do not differ. 
Your # readers who arc acquainted with 
Fuller's arm system may ask how J can 
get long pruning on my vines, I don’t care 
how a man trains or prunes; I say he must 
leave a large number of buds or canes on 
any plan. On mine I calculate three buds 
to the spur, to start in spring; besides all 
the double ones, adventitious, and buds be¬ 
tween spurs,— so that I get three or four 
times the canes I waut, which are allowed 
to grow well into the season. I take them 
off gradually, beginning when fruit is half- 
grown and removing suckers or water shoots 
first, then useless canes and those growing 
where 1 do not wish them; lastly stripping 
my vines to one cane, or two, as the case 
may he, to a spur, then even clipping some 
fruit, if I think the vine cannot ripen all. 
The last should be done before fruit begins 
to stone. This will prevent slough, and is 
the summim homtn of Mr. Byington’ s plan, 
only he brings it about by a peculiar, origi¬ 
WESTERN N. Y. HORT. SOCIETY, 
Monte Bello Apple.— In i lie Western Poniolo- 
gist (Mark Miller, editor, Des Moines, Iowa.) 
we fluff the history and description of this apple. 
It originated from seals planted by Mrs. Ma- 
ttiew Guay, in Monte Bello, llauooek Co., III. 
It is reported a most magnificent apple, of the 
highest quality, and is accounted a great acqui¬ 
sition. It is thus describedTree rather up¬ 
right, moderately vigorous,healthy, very haroy, 
early and constant bearer; shoots, graj ish brown; 
leaves, medium. Fruit large, oblate, very hand¬ 
some; surface smooth; color yellow, striped 
and plashed with deep red, with which it is al¬ 
most completely covered; dots largo and scat¬ 
tering'; basin wide, regular or wavy; eye me¬ 
dium, closed; cavity wide, regular; brown stem 
short and slender; core medium, regular, melt¬ 
ing; seeds small, pointed; tlesti white, tine 
grained, tender, delicate, juicy; flavor mild, 
subaeid, sprightly, vinous; quality very best; 
season, September to December. 
Discussion on Apples at tlie Winter Meet¬ 
ing nt Rochester, January 19. 
[Continued front page 108, last No.] 
BEST TnREE VARIETIES OF WINTER APPLES. 
Frost — Named Hubbardston Nonsuch, 
Baldwin and Greening. 
IIayward—T he same. Hubbardston Non¬ 
such boars as well as the Baldwin. It is an 
early winter apple. 
Babcock — Named Baldwin, Greening, 
and Roxbury Russet. 
Hoag—B aldwin, Greening anti Ilnbbard- 
stou Nonsuch. 
Hooker — Baldwin, Golden Russet and 
Hubbardston Nonsuch. 
Glass— The Golden Russel is preferable 
to the Roxbury. 
Townsend (Lockport)— The Boston deal¬ 
ers refuse to buy l lie Golden Russet. 
Quimby—B aldwin, Greening and Roxbury 
Russet. 
Maxwell (Geneva)—About us the Rox¬ 
bury Russet is a perfect failure. Named 
Greening, Baldwin and Northern Spy. The 
latter comes rather late in hearing. 
Root —The character of soils 3houlcl he 
named. Mine is clay loam, limestone. The 
Northern Spy is almost a failure; grows im¬ 
perfect, Roxbury Russet and Baldwin hear 
heavily. The Greening is not as certain. 
Haywood — Of late the Roxbury Russet 
has failed with me; soil, chestnut loam. 
Frost—A re we not planting too many 
Baldwins, as they arc so poor in quality ? 
Babcock— The Baldwin is valuable on ac¬ 
count of its shipping qualities. It is one of 
the few varieties that can be sent to foreign 
countries, aud this outlet will always relieve 
the market. 
THE FILDERKRAUT CABBAGE. 
in this country. So you see I have had the 
double pleasure of preserving a good and in¬ 
dustrious citizen to this land of liberty, and 
of introducing a cabbage of great excellence. 
Rochester, N. Y. James Vick. 
Grapes for Kansas.— The Kansas Horticultural 
Society, at its recent meeting, recommended for 
general cultivation the Concord for market and 
wine; Hartford Prolitio for market ; Ives’Seed¬ 
ling for market and wine. The following, on 
trial, prove wellMart ha White for market and 
wine; lonu for market and wine; Delaware for 
market and wine. The following were recom¬ 
mended for general cultivation for wine only; 
Clinton, Norton's Virginia and Cynthiaua. 
Keeping Squashes. — The American Agricul¬ 
turist, says :—“ Bunker Hill," Charlestown, Muss., 
states that he by accident discovered that 
squslies picked and stored in September wilt 
keep much better than those harvested later. 
Ho keeps Hubbards and Turbans until June by 
gathering early and placing them on the shelves 
of his store, leaving them there until spring. He 
sums up his account by saying:—“ Gather tbe 
squashes for late keeping between September 
1st and 10th, taking only those that grow near 
the root; pnt them on the shelves where they 
are to lie kept and keep them dry and cool. Let 
tho remainder of the crop be tbe first to be used 
or marketed.” 
• - *♦« - 
Watermelons.— How shall 1 manage to raiso 
watermelons next summer ? I tried ashes and 
sulphur the past season, but found it of no ad¬ 
vantage. I am thinking of making boxes one 
foot square and covering them with cheap mus¬ 
lin. I waut to head off the bugs in some way; 
cannot I get melons earlier in that way ?—A. C. 
Bartlett Pear In Illinois.— A motion was made 
by a Northern member of the Illinois State Hort. 
Soe. to strike this old and good pear from the 
list, asserting that the tree was tender and that 
there are hetter pears in its season. Of course, 
the motion was lost. 
Market Apple* for Michigan.— S. J. B„ Flint, 
Mich., asks some one to name tbe best varieties 
to cultivate for market in that locality—sum¬ 
mer, autumn and winter varieties. Will not 
some Michigan pomologist give a list? 
Ilamlio Apple Received. —S. T. Nix, Lebanon, 
Tenn.—The apple you send us for name is the 
Rambo. It ha3 nearly a dozen synonyms, but it 
is known as the Rambo among pomologists. 
For Early Peas the seed 'cannot be got into 
tho ground too early. They endure a little freez¬ 
ing splendidly. And then how good they are 1 
