mm 
making out his list, and the apples above 
named receiving the largest number of votes. 
But several members regarded the propor¬ 
tion of Raw lea’ Janet too large; and the 
Society resolved that the proportion of 
summer, fall and winter apples to be planted 
should vary with the character of the market. 
Apples for Darke Co., 0. —Wm. Herdman 
writes:—“ Give me a list of good apples for 
this section which are regular annual hear¬ 
ers ; also, n list that come into hearing early; 
also, a list of wide-spreading apple and pear 
trees; also, a list of those that are rather 
compact growers — of course good varie¬ 
ties.” We suggest that our correspondent 
consult with F. It. Elliott, Cleveland, O., 
or with Dr. John A. Warder, Cincinnati, 
()., and study Warder’s American Pomol¬ 
ogy, in which ho will find descriptions of 
both trees and fruit of American apples. 
POMOLOGICAL EXTRACTS 
if such a case ever existed ; but I do know 
where a farmer has received pay for baskets 
that he knew' were safe in his barn at the 
time he took the money, simply because 
they had slipped through the hands of his 
dealer without being charged to him. 
If a dealer must be held re¬ 
sponsible for the return of the 
baskets to the depot, why not /Jk 
hold him responsible for the Jaljm 
safe arrival of the fruit ? fmm zm 
The point is the same, and 
would relieve the railroad Ul/il/P /''- * 
from all responsibility. It is Umi/ 
generally known, and all MlK 'f - „ < 
dealers know, that during the 
past season, more than a thou- f||» 
sand baskets of fruit have i 
been stolen from the cars on 
their route to the city; why 
not make the dealer respon- 
Bible for them? No one pre- 
sumes to do so ; nor do they ^|U| 
undertake to make the rail¬ 
roads pay for them, for it is 
known they won’t do it. 
And in cases where railroads 
have failed to return a whole car load of 
empty baskets, shippers have not demand¬ 
ed pay for them, for the same reason; 
so they think they can bring a pressure 
powerful enough to make t he dealers pay 
for them, and they try it, regardless ot any 
Justice in the case. It is no 
reason that they should he- s'" 
cause a dealer charters the / 
cars, for they are chartered / 
for the benefit of the farmers / 
only, and if dealers do not do / 
it the growers would he oh- / 
liged to. Is it not unjust in 1 
the extreme to demand of the / 
dealer the safe return of the I 
baskets on that ground ? or is l 
there no cause of gratitude \ 
whatever on the part of these \ 
persons ? \ 
Growers sometimes com- 'n 
plain of the wrong baskets be- n. 
ing sent them. I admit that 
to be the case, and it cannot 
be avoided in the rush of the 
trade; hut it would lie a very 
simple thing for the grower to sort them out 
and return them immediately to the dealer, 
so that he can give credit for them, and re¬ 
turn them to the proper owner; hut the re¬ 
verse is the practice very often. They are 
thrown out, and nothing said about them 
until shippers find they arc charged to them ; 
then they enter their complaint and demand 
pay for them. 
“ Well,” says ft farmer, “ how 
are we 10 know that you deliv¬ 
ered the baskets to the cars?’’ 
Very easily. If you doubt the 
honesty of your dealer, unite and Mjft& 
send an agent to the city on pur- 
pose to sign a receipt for them, Jm W mi. 
and keep a regular account of w/Kf/ 
them every day; at the same lijlBm 
time the agent can he very us ful Iffll fk: 
in noting the condition of the mi ||J 
fruit on arrivals, the state of the v fc 
market, and many other items 
which are of in i crest to the farm- 
ers, but of which the dealer has 
no time to note. 'ffl| 
It is true this plan will cost the aH 
growers money, hut they reap all vj 
the benefit derived from it, and il ' 
they are unwilling to he at a 
slight, expense for their own bene¬ 
fit, they cannot expect a dealer 
to do it. 
Most ot the dealers can show 
a correct daily shipment ol baskets, and 
are willing to furnish an affidavit to that 
effect; and if their accounts of sales have 
proved correct and satisfactory, the proba¬ 
bility is that the basket account is correct, 
also’; at least that fact should command for 
him some sign of respect in- 
stead of the title of swindler, yr 
simply because the baskets did y' 
not reach the shipper. / 
The fact is just this:—The / 
demands of the farmers are he- f j 
coming more oppressive every I f 
year, and the result is that the I I 
dealers are forming themselves l { 
t foaxbeitcr 
onto 
A New Grape Described. — S. Benedict, 
Glen's Falls, (no State given,) talks of a 
seedling grape which lie calls “ Glenn.” He 
says some of the grapes are one inch, in di- 
THE POTATO DIGGER’S SONG. 
FRUITS RECEIVED, 
(From *• Poems by T. C. Irwin.”) 
BY F. R. ELLIOTT. 
Com.:, Connal, acushla, turn the clay, 
And show the lumpers the light gossoon, 
For we must toll this autumn day, 
With Heaven’s help, till rise of the moon. 
Our corn Is stacked, our hay secure, 
Thank God ! and nothing, my boy, remains 
But to pile the potaties safe on the iture 
Befcrc the coming November rains. 
The peasant’s mine is Ins harvest still 
So now, my lad, let's rtitc with a will— 
Work hand and foot, 
Work spade and hand. 
Through the crumbly mould: 
The blessed fruit 
That grows at the root 
la the real gold 
Of Ireland. 
I am indebted to G. N. Smith, (Berlin, 
Wisconsin,) for several specimens of the 
Reliance and Northern Blush apples, new 
seedling varieties, that it will he remem¬ 
bered, were lately shown at one of the Wis¬ 
consin Horticultural meetings. The claim 
mainly made in favor of these seedlings is 
that of hardihood in the trees, they being 
the best two in an orchard originally planted 
with seedlings, and out of which more than 
one-half have died from the severity of cli¬ 
mate, while these have withstood all changes 
and yearly produced fruit. 
The Reliance 
is of medium size, conical, broad and flat 
at stem end, some specimens a little oblique, 
(see outlines,) slightly ribbed, or with broad 
shallow furrows, as with most of the class of 
Gilliflowers and Colvilles; color light, pale 
yellow ground, with broken stripes and 
shades of red on sunny side; when fully 
exposed, the red is deepened and main¬ 
tains its color, especially toward the blos¬ 
som end; calyx nearly closed, with segments 
divided and slightly recurved or refle.ved at 
end; basin deep, broad, open, with many 
small, sharp furrows; stem short ; cavity 
deep and open, with slight greenish russet, 
at base; flesh white, moderately finegrained, 
mild sub-acid, tender, moderately juicy, 
good to very good; core rather open at cen¬ 
ter, with long capsules; seeds plump, dark 
brown; season, January to March. 
Mr. Smith writes: — “The man who 
planted the seed and set, out the trees is 
known here as truthful. He never purchased 
a tree or set out an orchard except of his own 
growing from seed—a fact to which his two 
sons, one of whom is now owner of this old 
Orchard, can hear testimony. The orchard 
is entirely unprotected from westerly winds. 
1 put these apples before the Society here in 
Wisconsin as possessing the qualities we 
most seek and need in our severe climate, 
viz: — perfect vigor, hardiness, productive¬ 
ness mul good quality for cooking and the 
dessert. They have not failed of a crop 
during the past six years, although the mer¬ 
cury run down to 30° below zero once, and 
to 2V below twice during that time.” 
The Northern Blush. 
Fruit of medium size, roundish oblate, 
irregular or furrowed, light, pale yellow 
ground, with a Vermillion blush in sun at 
stem eiul; stem short; cavity open, deep; 
calyx large for size of fruit, half closed; 
basin broad, shallow, corrugated; flesh 
while, coarse, spongy, dry, hardly good; 
core medium; seeds brown, plump; season 
December. 
Och ! I wish that Mauri re an<l Mary dear 
Were sinning beside us this soft day l 
Of course they’re far better off than here; 
Rut whether they’re happier, who can say? 
I’ve heard when It's morn with us It’s night 
With thorn on the far Australian shore: 
Well, Heaven he above them wld visions bright. 
And send them ehllder and money galore. 
With ns t here’s many a month to nil, 
And so, my boy, let's dig with a will: 
Work band and foot, 
Work spade and hand, 
Through the brown dry mould; 
The blessed fruit 
That grows at the root 
Is the real gold 
Of Ireland. 
THE GOOSEBERRY AND CURRANT, 
Permit me to call the attention of fruit 
growers to the cultivation of the gooseberry 
and currant. No fruits of equal value are so 
generally neglected as these are. The goose¬ 
berry is easily cultivated and marketed, for 
barrels are one of the best packages to ship 
them in, having them slightly ventilated to 
prevent heating; and the prices generally 
range from $3 to $3 per bushel in our market. 
The light soil of Ocean Co., N. J., is pecu¬ 
liarly adapted to this growth, as they ripen 
late, and arrive just in time to bring a good 
price. This fruit is made use of largely by 
our city pie bakers. 
The demand for the currant increases 
every year. The preserving houses are using 
large quantities, and thus keep prices high. 
Last season prices ranged from ten to fifteen 
cents per pound, avd they sold readily at 
those figures. It is true, that under the old 
system of shipping this fruit, much of it be¬ 
came damaged in the transportation; hut 
now that is easily overcome by those living 
at a distance. Grape boxes are just the 
thing for this fruit, as the quantity in each 
box is small, and the express companies 
handle them carefully, so that little or no 
loss arises from that cause. 
Another good arrangement for marketing 
this fruit is to have a number of small boxes 
made to lit berry cases. These boxes might 
contain about ten pounds each, with the tare 
marked on each box, and the gross tare on 
the case. This enables the dealer to sell at 
the correct weight, and take the deposit only 
on the package. This is a very good plan 
for those living near a market, who can have 
their cases returned without additional ex¬ 
pense. C. W. Idell. 
NORTHLUX BLUSH APPLE. 
ameteiv very tender pulp, ripen as early as 
the Northern Muscadine, great and regular 
bearer. The berries are blue, round, con¬ 
tain one and two seeds, excellent for pre¬ 
serves, the seeds being easily taken out; 
hunches triangular; stem about as large as 
Ah, then, Paddy O’Heardan, yon thundering Turk, 
It ts coorting you are in the blessed noon ? 
Come over here, Kutty, and mind your work, 
Or I'll see It your mother ain’t change your tune. 
Well—youth will be youth, as you know, Mick, 
Sixteen and twenty for each were meant— 
But, Put, in the name of the fairies, avic. 
Defer your proposal* till after Lent; 
And as love In this island lives mostly stlU 
On potaties— dig, hoy, dig with a will: 
Work hand nnd foot, 
Work spade and hand, 
Through the harvest mould ; 
The blessed fruit 
That grows at the root 
Is the real gold 
Of Ireland. 
Down the bridal-road the neighbors ride. 
Through the light ash Bhaile, by the wheaten 
sheaves; 
And the children sing on the mountain side, 
In the sweet blue smoke of the burning leaves. 
As the great sun sets in glory furled, 
Faith, It’s grand to think, ns 1 watch his fnce, 
If he never sets on the English world, 
He never, lad, sets on the Irish race. 
In the west, in the south. New Irelands still 
Grow up In bl» light. Come, work with a will— 
Work hand ami foot. 
Work spade and hand, 
Through the native mould; 
The blessed fruit 
That grows at the root 
Is the real gold 
Of Ireland. 
NORTHERN BLUSH APPLE—OUTLINE. 
ft small pipe stem ; fruit holds on the stem 
Until very late; flavor of fruit fine; leaves 
large; vine large and stocky. lie has al¬ 
ways covered the vine, but thinks it liardy 
uncovered. Has no plants nor cuttings to 
sell. 
For an Orchard of One Hundred Trees in 
Kansas , for commercial purposes, the Leav¬ 
enworth Horticultural Society recommended 
Rut lookthe round moon, yellow an corn, 
Comes up from the sea In the deep blue calm: 
It scarcely seem* a day since morn; 
Well.—the heel of tbo evening to you, ma’am. 
God bless thu moon : for many a night, 
As 1 restless lay on a troubled bed, 
When rent was due, her quieting light 
Has flattered with dreams my poor old head. 
But sec—tin* baskets remain to fill I 
Come, girls, he alive—boy a, dig with a will 
Work hand and foot, 
Work spado and hand. 
Through the moonlit mould 
The blessed fruit 
That grows at the root 
Is the real gold 
Of Ireland I 
INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES, 
scribed: Pres.— Geo. A. MkkiULL of Rutland. 
Vicc-Prcsl’s. John IL Mead ol’ Randolph, and 
lRnlev M. Hall of Burke, Sit.— Leonard T. 
'tucker, Koval ton. IYww.—H. C. Horton, Ver- 
ginnes. Juki.— George A. Merrill. Rutland; 
John It. Mead. Randolph; llarlcy M.Hall, Lturke; 
Leonard T. Tucker, Rojniton ; 11. Horton, 
V ergon nos: J. Gregory Smith, SI. Albans; T. 
W. Park, Bennington; Horace Fairbanks, St. 
.lolmstiury: H. B. Kent, Dorset: N. T. Sheaf, 
Derby; Edwin Hammond, .diddlebnry ; George 
Wilkins, Stowe; A. W. Griswold, MornsvlUe; K. 
Gorham, Wilmington; L. S. Drew, South Bur¬ 
lington: Carlos Baxter. Burlington: George C. 
Chandler, Montpelier; F, W. Brooks, Brut tic- 
boro: Robert.Hutchins, Brandon: Eliakitn John¬ 
son, Woodstock; Henry Keyes, Newbury. 
THE FRUIT TRADE: 
Customs, Abuses null Remedies. 
Some peach growers have taken exception 
to the point in my article on the Delaware 
peach trade,, that a dealer is responsible ouly 
for the baskets which lie loses, or, in other 
words, that, ins responsibility does not cease 
on the delivery of them to the railway com¬ 
pany. They say, and insist upon it, that wo 
ought to pay for all that is lost up to the de¬ 
livery of them at their depots. 1 will soon 
show that this system would be ruinous to 
the dealer. 
Baskets are an expensive feature in mar¬ 
keting the poach crop, and for that reason 
farmers dread the purchasing of them. Once 
purchased, they think there ought not to he 
any wear <r>ut or loss to them, unless the 
dealer pays for it. Many of these, baskets 
are kept for years, and in time become quite 
worn mil. Yet if they will hold together so 
as to begin the season, shippers do not care 
how soon they are lost; it is so much gain 
to tlietn, as they are sure to demand the 
prioc of a new one for every one lost. Not. 
only this, but they will let their old baskets 
lie at the depot, or along the road at any 
other depot, as it is their interest to do so, 
particularly at the latter end of the season ; 
for, as we all know, it is n rare occurrence 
for them to have a regular series of this 
crop, and they greatly prefer the casli to the 
carrying of them over l’or one, two, or three 
years. 
They are also unwilling to admit, the de¬ 
preciation ot value of the baskets by use, hut 
always demand twenty-five cents at least 
for them, because the dealers require that 
amount from the buyers as a deposit, to 
guarantee them against loss. That fact lias 
no bearing on the case, for the dealer must, 
and does lose many, in spite of all precau¬ 
tion, nml it is no more than just lhat he 
should guard against losses; and if the 
growers receive the value of their baskets, it 
is none of their business how much or little 
deposit the dealer requires from his cus¬ 
tomers. "Who ever heard of a grower re¬ 
fusing twenty-five cents for baskets that 
were not worth fifteen cents, because' they 
were not worth it? I never have, and doubt 
CABBAGE EXPERIMENTS, 
I planted forty hills of cabbage in giav 
elly soil, putting the fine hone that settled to 
the bottom of the soap kettle in each hill, 
and mixing it well with the soil previous to 
sowing the steed. When the plants, which 
grew well, were large enough to transplant, 
pulled out all hut two plants, which were 
left to grow where the seed were sown, with¬ 
out being transplanted. Result of the forty 
hills, small leaves and no heads. Some of 
the plants from the same hills were set in 
similar soil, putting lien manure in the hills, 
and setting two plants in a hill. Result, no 
heads. 
Set some nice cabbage plants in soil some¬ 
what clayey and gravelly, putting a pint of 
hen manure in each hill, and mixing it well 
with, the soil, making the hills deep and hoi- 
low before setting, watered the plants well 
when they needed if. and sprinkled on them 
plaster and ashes several times, when wet 
with dew, anil a good share of the plants 
thus treated headed. A hired man was set 
to dig the hills for me, but he dug them so 
shallow that 1 dug them all deeper and larger 
before the manure was put in, else it could 
not he well mixed with earth, so as to make 
a mellow and hollow hill, and thus retain 
water instead of its running off before the 
roots of the plants got the benefit of it. From 
my observations in the planting of crops 
manured in the hill, the lull should be latg*, 
and the manure well mixed, and so deep and 
hollow as to retain rain. n. E. 
- - - 
GARDEN NOTES AND QUERRIES. 
Fruits and Vegetables.— II. asks the Rt- 
ral “ What is the difference between it 
fruit and a vegetable ? The dictionary d" 1 
not seem to give a clear distinction. 
Itrrksliirc Co., Mass. Hart, fine.—Officers for 
1870: I’iwl— John E. Merrill, Pittsfield, Vive- 
IVw’te.-J. JL Crook, Pittsfield; J. H. Famum, 
Cheshire. See. -Wm. H. Murray, Pittsfield. 
Treu».- Henry M. Pierson, Pittsfield. AwULtyr— 
Pliinc’li.is A lien. Pittsfield. I )cU flats to State Boon I 
of AarUuUwe for throe years A. J. Iluckliti,Ho. 
Adams. Ex. Coin., in addition to the above 
names— Leman Wood, Lnnesborougli; Simon 
White, Hinsdale; L. S. Butler, Lenox; Thomas 
Coll, Pittsfield; Win, E. Johnson, Williuins- 
town; Geo. O. Peck, Lenox; Ezra Sherman, 
Lauesborough. __ 
Eon do Ur, Wis., Dairymen’s Association.— 
This Is the name, ot on organtad Ion recently ef¬ 
fected at Brandon, Wis., amt thu following offi¬ 
cers were elected: Etc#. Chester Hazen, 
Spring ale. VTco-Pnss,—W• B. Kingsbury, Ulpoo. 
2rm«— IJ. c. Strong. Oakfleld. Pftwlimi-Wm. 
Starr, A. C Whiting, A. Bristol, Win. Knight, 
Thomas Harrow. John Howard. Jfts. Cornell, II. 
C. Waterman. The animal meetings are to occur 
the second Tuesdays In January. A meeting for 
discussion Is to be hold at Brandon, Feb. 22. 
RELIANCE APPLE. 
by vote the following varieties: 
Summer. —Early Harvest, 11; Red Astra- 
clmn, 14; Summer Pearmain, 11; Bcuoni, 
10; Sweet June, 20; Cooper’s Early White, 
24; Duchess of Oldenburg, 10.' Fall .— 
Lowell, 19; Maiden’s Blush, 20; Bailey's 
Bennett, New Market; J. F. Lawrence,Eppmg; 
H. P. Wingate, Strathain: Ezra Currier, 1-re- 
monl; Gideon Webster, Kingston; Harrison 
Rowe, Kensington._ 
Iti-rlin. Win., Farmers’ Cliih.—'This organization 
is one year old. held a fair last September, and 
has recently elected tlie following officers for 
1870: Pres.—C. Spoor, Aurora Township. Iiw- 
M.-Henry Thomas, Berlin City. Treat.—J. L. 
Beilis, Berlin City. liec. J. V. Sweeting, 
Berlin City. Cot. Sec,-G. N. Smith, Berlin City. 
Alton, HI., lion. Sor.-Tbo following are the 
officers for 1870 of the llvest local Horticultural 
Society in the West Pres— J. Huggins, v\ ood- 
burn. Vice-Pres’tS- E. A. Rlelil, S. B. Johnson. 
See—D. L. I loll. 'Brens, —Cant. E. Hollister. Ltb. 
-W. C. Flagg. Ex. Com.— W. C. Flagg, il. Q.Mc- 
Plke, J. *M. Pearson, J. E. Starr. 
The Stale Falrof Louisiana is to he held at New 
Orleans April 23d, and continue nine days. The 
Premium List is Issued, and may lie hnd by ad¬ 
dressing Luther Holmes, Scc’y and Treat*., at 
New Orleans. _ _ 
North Waldo, Me., Ag, Sue.—Officers for cur¬ 
rent . vear: Pres— Seth Thompson. V. Pres'te. 
—P. W. Ayer, James It. Vickery, Sec.—John 
Reval. Treats .—Eli Vickery, 
RELIANCE APPLE-OUTLINE. 
Sweet, 2; Early Pennock, 12; Autumn 
Swaar, 20; Smokehouse, 21. Winter.—Jon¬ 
athan, 17; Ben Davis, 21; Rawles’ Janet, 
10; Winesap, 32; Me A flue's Nonsuch, 6; 
Willowtwig, 7; Hartford Sweet, 1. 
This list was prepared by each member 
Fruit nml Disease.—An eminent French phy¬ 
sician says tbo decrease of dyspepsia and bilious 
attentions In Paris is owing to the increased con¬ 
sumption of apples, which fruit, he maintains, 
is an admirable prophylactic and tonic, as well 
as very nourishing uud easily digested. 
