fitrntologmtl. 
WHAT CHERRIES TO PLANT. 
F. Mkktz, Morning Sun, Iowa, asks what 
are the best cherries for him to plant. His 
location is twenty-four miles north of Bur¬ 
lington, Iowa; soil that Of a hazel prairie. 
We answer that the variety commonly 
known at the West as Early May, and 
which Air. F. It. Ei.i.iott says is the Flem¬ 
ish of all old authors, has been grown suc¬ 
cessfully all throughout the West; and 
while we advise him to plant of it, say 
three-fiftlis of his orchard, we have no doubt 
whatever of his having equal success with 
the true Early Richmond, Louis PhiUipe, 
Donna Maria, Imperial Morello or Kirt- 
land’b Morello, all of which are superior in 
quality. 
We have also full faith in the successful 
growing of the Dukes and some of the 
sweet cherries, provided they can be lmd 
budded on seedling Morello stocks. Take 
them at one-year-old growth of bud from 
the nursery, head them down to one foot 
from the ground, plant all the .Morello stock 
just covered Into the ground, hut not to 
cover over an inch upon the budded variety 
When the shoots have grown (say the last 
of June) one foot, pinch out the last or ter¬ 
minal bud, and continue to do the same for 
three years, at which time the trees will be 
about four to six feet high, with correspond¬ 
ing breadth, will have come into bearing, 
and thereafter will require no care, unless it 
be to cut away a crossing limb or twig. Use 
no manure or cultivation any year after the 
month of June. 
-♦♦♦- 
GOOSEBERRY CULTURE. 
In a late number of the Rural New- 
YouKfc.it, C. W. Idem, talks of the want of 
more gooseberries and curran Is, and goes on 
with statement of values, &c. lie may he 
all right; but putting his present article in 
connection with his business letters of last, 
gooseberry season, giving prices, Ac., they 
don’t “jingle.” I wrote him then for prices, 
having about two hundred bushels of goose¬ 
berries for stilt!, and by bis then record, I 
could have realized, possibly, fifty cents a 
bushel for my berries over and above the 
cost of express charges, packages and pick¬ 
ings, to say nothing of his commissions. 
Get your prices in season, Mr, Idell, so 
that 1 can realize two dollars a bushel in 
your market, and you can have a supply. 
F. R. Elliott. 
-»«» 
FRUIT CULTURE WEST. 
In the Warsaw, III., Horticultural So¬ 
ciety is a number of live members, from 
w hose remarks we gather many good ideas 
and items. At their February (last) meeting 
they gave more or loss of time to the list of 
profitable and hardy fruits, and from it, we 
gather that Yellow Bellflower, if top-grafted, 
may he ranked as hardy and productive, 
and also that a number of trees of that varie¬ 
ty alone do better together than when dis¬ 
tributed here and there among other sorts in 
the orchard. 
Air. 11 ammon’d advises top-grafting of such 
sorts as Newark Pippins, Summer Rose, Rod 
June, &c., with Yellow Bellflower, Red As- 
trachan, Red Canada, Ac.; but lie also says 
that top-grafting— i. e., the changing of the 
whole top of a bearing tree — is attended 
with much more difficulty in Illinois than in 
the Eastern States, owing to the greater ex¬ 
tremes there of heat and cold. 
The Winesap lias scabbed the past season 
badly, and a reduction of its numbers in an 
orchard is advised. We think this only a 
local result of the past year, and while it 
may again occur, it does not follow that the 
variety is in any way deteriorated, for we 
have known the same to occur more than 
once during the past thirty years that we 
have personally had knowledge of the va¬ 
riety. In the hardiness of wood of young 
trees in the nursery, the record gives Ben 
Davis, Winesap, and Rawle’s Janet as the 
hardiest. 
Air. Hammond opposes dwarf fruit trees of 
any sort for orchard planting, and would 
only give them position in small gardens. 
He advises all orchardists to plant only 
standard trees. We are strongly disposed 
to think our Western orchard fruit growers 
are to a certain extent acting against their 
own interests in t his wholesale condemnation 
of dwarf trees, because we incline to the 
impression that on many of their soils—not 
the low mucky, deep, prairie land, but on the 
high ridges, underlaid with boulder gravel, as 
-well as their table lands on the borders of 
their streams—the dwarf tree will pay, when 
rightly managed, better than standards. 
Although fruit culture is a broad thing in 
Illinois ami some other Western States, it. 
has, so far, been practiced, upon a rather 
. loose system. The proprietor had a large 
quantity of land of a quality that gave extra 
vigor and growth of wood to the trees. These 
when not killed by frost in winter, or by 
blight in summer yielded a sum total which, 
when published in gross, so far exceeded the 
modest yet profitable returns of the man, 
whose trees were dwarfs, or perhaps of 
slower growth, on account of soil, that the 
latter has measurably passed out of sight. 
But the matter is fast changing; and as the 
country becomes more and more settled, 
tracts of land become apportioned in smaller 
quantities, insects and diseases increase, fruit 
growing will become an art in which only 
the skillful and experienced can succeed, 
rather than at a time of life in which all who 
can buy land may engage with fair promise 
of success. Addi. 
-- 
POMOLOGICAL GOSSIP. 
Sherman Sweet Apple .—According to the 
statement of H. T. 
Brooks, this apple (il¬ 
lustrated herewith, orig¬ 
inated in Aliddlelmry, 
Wyoming Co., N. Y., 
about forty years ago. 
The tree is vigorous in 
growth, a good hearer, 
and the fruit is in eating /Mmi'/r' 
form from November to 
January, inclusive. It is 
of medium size, round- lmil 1 '' ; 
ish oblate, at the calyx 74 '/ 
end resembling the 
Rhode Island Greening, I 
greenish yellow or yel* [|^|^»|Sffl ||f;'’a 
and even into August. From what we can 
gather it is a variety of tlic; Antwerp class, 
and, although good, is like nearly all of that 
family, a variety that must be covered in 
winter. If we remember rightly, specimen 
Jhiits of the Wauregan, in a bottle, were 
shown at the American Pomological So¬ 
ciety’s meeting in Philadelphia last autumn 
by Mr. F Trowbridge of New Haven, Ct. 
Golden Thornless Raspbern /.—I have no¬ 
ticed several communications in my agricul¬ 
tural papers in regard to the Golden Thorn¬ 
less Raspberry, a new variety being sent out 
by a firm in Palmyra, N. V. Can you or 
any of your subscribers give the history of 
this raspberry, as I find nothing in any of 
the articles referred to that gives any clue to 
its origin ? There appears to be quite a num- 
rbcrrtntlturf. 
VstWhSuDIuLi 
I ow tell green, with a «H||| [ | | j i. j 
bronzed blush check in 
the sun, conspicuous >®|tTOl|i|) 111' /! ll'lftiiJj j * ^ 
white specks in the 
blush, and suffused dark YlllmSwlii'l'' 
green specks elsewhere; NpMpgiyjlll'|>|i 
calyx closed; basin 
broad, open, rather 
deep; stem long, slen- 
der, set with a broad, 
very shallow depres¬ 
sion ; flesh yellowish 
white, half tender, crisp, juicy, sweet, very 
good. 
Mexican Everbearing Strawberry. — H. N. 
Lanowortiiy, Rochester, N. Y., writes us 
that from his experience with this fruit the 
past season, he is “ fully convinced that it is 
a perpetual bearer through the whole season 
up to late autumn, and not a periodical 
monthly.” As to its comparative merits as 
a fruit, he says;—“ It has no comparison to 
that of any good early, cultivated variety 
that bears but one crop in a season; it rather 
belongs to the puff ball persuasion, dry and 
mealy. Yet it is a strawberry, andean grace 
the table of the connoisseur at a season of 
the year when a dish of strawberries can bo 
had from no other source.” Mr. L., there¬ 
fore, thinks it worthy of a place above 
ground and far more useful than many of 
the humbugs propagated through the news¬ 
papers. He adds:—” I am not to be under¬ 
stood that it has any merits especially, aside 
from its rare power of producing strawber¬ 
ries the whole growing season.” 
Parry'a White and Ilyntt's Seedling. — I 
have just noticed in the Rural of February 
10t.li, that T. Hart Hyatt of San Francisco 
has suggested that Parry’s White and Hy¬ 
att’s Seedling may prove identical, and says 
perhaps 1 may be able to settle the question. 
I recollect examining the apples Air. IIyatt 
sent to my brother, also 
of inserting the grafts; 
and in looking over my 
notes, 1 find a description 
made from the fruit of 
this tree on November 
28th, 1800; also in 1862. 
The form and size are 
similar, but the color and 
quality arc distinct. Mr. 
Hyatt writes you that / 
his seedling ripens from / 
November to Christmas, f 
while Parry’s White / 
ripens during the month / 
of August, which is proof / / 
they are not the same. 1 { 
There were none of the \ 
kind propagated in the \ \ 
nursery, and, of course, \ 
were not disseminated \ 
Horn here to New Jersey \ 
or Pennsylvania,— Ciias. \ 
Downing. 
The Weson Pear. —Col. 'v 
M. W. Philips, Prcsi- 
dent of the Southwest sin u 
Fruit Grower’s Associa¬ 
tion, describes this as a new seedling, 
which fruited in 1869 for the first time ; of 
large size, symmetrical, roundish pyriform, 
smooth, green, rarely with a yellowish tint; 
flesh sweet, only moderately juicy and sec¬ 
ond-rate as compared taBartlett. Ripe from 
middle to last of August. 
Wauregan Raspberry.— The Wauregan is 
the name of a raspberry claimed to have 
been raised from seed by Dr. Button of 
Norwich, Conn., in 1852. It, is described as 
of a bright red color, inclining to purple, of 
large size and very rich flavor, ripening its 
fruit all through the entire mouth of July, 
il h 1 VuWII 
SHERMAN SWEET APPLE. 
her of these yellow-cap raspberries in culti- 
tivation, such as the Pearl, Minnesota, Gol¬ 
den-Cap, Summit Yellow, Ac., and I think 
it would lie well for the disseminators of 
now sorts to give a little scrap of their his¬ 
tory, so that the public might know where 
and how such kinds originated. Perhaps 
some reader of Lhe Rural can give the re¬ 
quired information, and much oblige many 
besides—I Iooukbrrg. 
We suspect that this “new” variety is a 
very comm on on e in Wisconsin, and not un¬ 
known in Tnmr.is, from the testimony con¬ 
cerning it given us by pomologists who have 
■ seen it. We shall he glad to receive and 
publish its biography. 
Strawberry List for Cincinnati , 0 .—The 
editor of the Ruralist recommends his read¬ 
ers to plant either of the following kinds for 
early use:—Burr’s New Pine. Downer’s Pro¬ 
lific, Ella, or Philadelphia. For medium to 
follow the above:—Chas. Downing, Barnes’ 
Mammoth, Agriculturist, Longworth’s Pro¬ 
lific, Lady of the Lake, Ilovey or McAvoy 
Superior. For late:—thoTriomphc de Gaud, 
Scarlet Magnate, Green Prolific, Jucunda, 
Frogmorc, Late Pine, or White Pine, (the 
latter unsurpassed for preserving;) and for 
very late, the Georgia Mammoth, or Kitley’s 
Goliath. 
Peaches in the Southwest. —Col. Philips 
SIIHRMAN SWEET APPLE—OUTLINE. 
ling, names the Chinese Cling, Wilson's Early, 
; of Southern Rareripe, Southern Favorite, At- 
nrm, lanta, and Southern Belle, as choice sorts of 
tint; peaches. From the Columbia he says he has 
sec- grown many seedlings far superior to it. lie 
from calls attention to the peculiar form of the pit 
of the Columbia, one end appearing as if a 
little hit had been punched out of it. 
ln -♦♦♦- 
have Pomological InqalrlcH. — Will your renders 
N of give the beat mode of cultivating the cranberry 
:d as and the wild blackberry? Altamaha. — Asa 
,, Waterman asks pomolosiste to tell him if 
’ ’ Ci,ai*)*’s Favorite Pear is superior to the Bart- 
g its lott; if so, in what respects.—Is not the Ancient 
r,,,.. Britain blackberry of Wisconsin origin ? Ans.— 
’ ll, Ji Wo understand it is. 
PRUNING. 
How Hbnll I Prone my Fruit Trees? 
Aye, that is a question, and one so vari¬ 
ously answered that even Socrates himself 
could not, with Lycurous to help, digest an 
answer meet to the taste of all the horticul¬ 
tural Solons, or would-be Solons that now 
hurst forth from every corner and point of 
compass, North, South, East and West. Our 
worthy and talented friend Saunders sends 
us out advice according to homeopathic 
principles, i. c., cut little or none, but do it 
knowing your subject and how much it will 
bear. From our old and experienced prac¬ 
tical as well as theoretical savnn, IIovey of 
Boston, we have advice, backed up by an¬ 
other old practitioner in shape of P. Barry, 
that it Is necessary to prime, and especially 
to prune dwarf trees annually, if you expect 
your bill to be paid at maturity. But here 
again doctors differ in the commencement of 
their practice; for the wise man of the East 
would not cut limb or branch at the time of 
transplanting, while the Western wisdom, 
backed by a large auditory, says slash away 
on your top, and make one end balance the 
other. 
Away out West there is Hull down, a 
new star, who, with a curculio catcher on 
his brain, is running against all the old-time 
practises advised heretofore and sustained by 
the sentinel Wardeii, and urging the prac¬ 
tice of cutting away all the lower balancing 
power of the tree, on the principle that the 
circulation of the air beneath is increased by 
cutting away of lower branches, and the 
balance better created than according to 
God’s own order of nature. All the princi¬ 
ples of leverage power are lost in this new 
creation of imaginary air power, and our 
mathematical, scientific men must needs 
work up a new order of iliings. 
Our very amiable and scientifically practi¬ 
cal friend, the Editor of the Gardeners’ 
Monthly, has no belief in the value of prun¬ 
ing for any special purpose, and yet he 
would not permit his trees to grow in a 
manner to please themselves rather than his 
wants or ideas of harmonious proportion. 
Amid this depth of wisdom, or confusion, 
who shall judge? Shall we visit Long 
Island and call for information from the 
spirit land? or shall we take, free from sus¬ 
picion and a desire for notoriety, the good 
old teacher, Common Sense, who has well 
taught us the general principle of plant life 
by showing us from day to day the action of 
light and air, the power of wind and storm, 
and the form of tree given by tlie Creator to 
each, individually, when set by itself, to 
withstand storm, sunshine and tempest of 
wind, and go forward and guide by our annual 
pruning our orchard and garden trees, all 
unprotected, as it were, when compared with 
those in the forest, so that they may be en¬ 
abled, like Nature’s own setting and pruning, 
to shield their roots from piercing sun and 
prevent themselves from being roughly torn 
fVom their bed by sudden storm? Shall we 
not remember that with our fruit trees, as 
with our children, varied conditions and po¬ 
sitions produce results to break down any 
fixed rule or treatment beyond that which 
perception and experience has taught? 
The stock itself is a point of importance; 
and it is not that the stock is a quince or a 
pear, a Doucain, Paradise or Crab; but it is 
the vigor and character of that particular 
stock to which the operator must look ns 
well as to the variety he is growing thereon, 
for guidance in his work. And while judi¬ 
cious pruning or non-pruning of our fruit 
trees is an important study, my readers will 
permit me to say that I fear, aye know, that 
iu the minds of writers it is too often mixed 
up with the less important and more me¬ 
chanical feature of training. Pruning may 
assist and is necessary toward training; but 
the object and character of the labor in one 
case is the perfection of a desired form, 
while the other involves the principles of 
vitality and fruitfulness looking toward the 
perfect ion of the whole. Handsomely formed 
trees may therefore often be produced by a 
style of pruning which is nothing more nor 
less, truthfully, than a method of training; 
hut to our view a tree laden with fruit, no 
matter what the form, is a far prettier object 
than a globe or pyramid without it. In IVuit 
culture rich soils producing excessive vigor 
of growth are not desirable, and in pruning, 
strictly, the vigorous healthy grower will re¬ 
quire little or no use of the knife, while the 
weak tree, in a poor soil, will require a free 
use thereof. A. Thorn. 
-- 
ARBORICULTURAL NOTES. 
A Tan-Bark Ilnlili. 
Walter Elder writes the Practical 
Farmer that Gen. Pleasanton, near Phila¬ 
delphia, mulches his trees with tan-bark— 
top-dresses bis lawn lip to the roots of the 
trees every third year with tan-bark ; the 
next year with manure, and the next year 
gives no top-dressing. 1 lis trees and shrub¬ 
bery are wonderfully'‘thrifty. Mr. Elder 
adds:—“ I wish to state, to the growers of 
pear trees, who live near tan-works or saw¬ 
mills, that if they would get the tan-bark and 
sawdust, and mulch their trees every year, 
or every second year, they will very soon 
have abundance of choice fruits as well as 
trees, not only in dozens, but in bushels and 
barrclsful. There is too much of our woody 
material allowed to waste, which, if applied 
to lands on which trees are grown, (either 
fruit or ornamental,) would soon show its 
beneficial effects.” 
How to Prepare Tea Seed lor Planting. 
A Virginia correspondent says the seed, 
before planting, should be scalded and al¬ 
lowed to soak several days. It does not 
germinate readily, and such steeping is 
necessary. 
Priming vs. Anti-Pronins:. 
Dr. llouam oN of Philadelphia, in a re¬ 
cent article asserts that ” no pear tree can 
produce fine fruit for a long series of years 
without careful pruning.” This matter is 
being tested, and we shall know by-and-by. 
Meantime has any one facts to prove the 
contrary ? 
Young Tree* in Forests. 
J. A. Nicodemub has found a problem 
which lie says he cannot solve, viz: “ Why 
is it that no young timber is springing up 
in our old forests? Our timber is being 
cleared out rapidly, and no young timber is 
coming in, and 1 fear if something is not 
done towards propagating new forests we 
shall have a hard time for timber in future. 
Please state whether young trees can lie 
raised by sowing the seed in lhe woods 
among the old trees.” Yes. And as a rule, 
if live stock is kept out of the woods, a 
young growth will spring up surely and 
rapidly without sowing any seed whatever. 
If you want to renew your forests, keep all 
live stock out of them. 
Holy’s Primers anil Fruir Pickers. 
Nearly every week, at. least once a 
month during the past summer, Mr. Doty 
jfk has appeared before the 
(Clubs of this city with 
some new device or other, 
1 or modification and im- 
( . [ ,-7\ provement of an old one. 
1 A His fruit pruners have at- 
. tracted considerable at- 
™ Mb tention and won com- 
ij; $$ . nu> ndation from some of 
fijm those who have used 
j [ I H them. The primer con- 
[! [1 B sists of a pole or handle* 
r LjH JM divided, one part having 
a hook attached, while 
to the other Is attached a 
jl'j} raft: V-shaped chisel, which 
||\ WM Cuts off the limb. To the 
| Il ls fjm part containing the chisel 
l! ijjS Mm is attached an iron ball, 
JS Hi 1 weighing one and a-lmlf 
fnl pounds, by the aid of 
L | which the operator gives 
Ml jjjwj the necessary momentum 
uM ,0 the chisel, and limbs 
» m !m or ,nore hi di- 
fBV “'ll 1 ® aineter are easily severed. 
\ The engraving shows the 
F| 1 parts of this implement, 
|fflj i separately and combined. 
V To the pruner is attached 
a pouch, at will convcrt- 
ing it into a fruit picker 
These primers are made of different lengths 
and sizes, and adapted to pruning fruit trees 
or blackberry and raspberry bushes. 
Relative Value of Chestnut amt European 
Larch. 
Suel Foster, Muscatine, Iowa, says of 
the relative value of these as timber trees, 
in the Country Gentleman : 
1 would recommend one thousand Euro¬ 
pean larch to one chestnut. The larch may 
be as difficult to start from the seed as the 
chestnut; both must lx* treated with a great 
deal of care; hut, when well started, I would 
rather transplant four larch than one chest¬ 
nut; and when grown I would rather have 
one larch than four chestnuts. The larch 
(mind, I am talking of European, not Ameri¬ 
can,) will grow twice as fast as chestnut; 
this makes larch eight times as valuable. 
Now let us multiply again, and I will 
leave it to the reader to say what figure we 
shall multiply this eight by, when we have 
the evidence that a chestnut post will rot oil 
in ten to twenty years, and larch grape 
stakes have been used in Switzerland, the 
same stakes, by two or three generations; 
and as pile posts in the London Docks for 
more thaii ( a thousand years. Wluit is the 
difference in the value of a post that will rot 
off In fifteen to twenty years and one that 
will last the life-time of lhe oldest man? 
Post timber, railroad ties, stakes, sills to 
buildings, and the thousand uses we put tim¬ 
ber to where it rots, arc the great uses we 
want to plant timber for. How important 
that we learn which is the best, arid then plant 
it,—yes, plant it this year 1870. I had rather 
leave to posterity one thousand trees than 
one thousand dollars—living groves dian de 
caying mansions. 
-- 
Aborlrulturnt Inquiries,—H. Leach asks some 
one to tell how to raise apple trees from seed 
until large enough to plant In the orchard .—“j 
S ubscriber” asks the best kind of hedge for fene 
ing on low land—not wet, but low, stony soil and 
clay subsoil. 
