{CULTURE’S^ 
EXCELSIOR 
| $8.1.00 PER YEAR, 
f Single 2Vo., Eight Cent*, 
41 Park How 
H2 HulTnlo St, 
New fork, 
Itodiwer, 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S70, by D. D. T. Moore, In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.] 
and was two years old March 2d, 1870. 
She was bred by Captain Parrie of 
Jersey. “ Tommy Dodd,” the bull of the 
engraving, is one year old only. If he is a 
fair specimen of a Jersey bull, though not so 
handsome as they might be, they are not so 
lacking in symmetry as are most of the male 
animals of this breed we have seen. 
“ Brother Bill,” the Jersey calf shown in 
the engraving, not being up to the standard 
in color according to the fancy of American 
breeders, was sold at about half the price 
usually asked for such animals—that is, for 
fifty-five dollars. Heifer calves, unexcep¬ 
tionable in form and color, bring one hun¬ 
dred and twenty-five dollars, and bull calves 
one hundred dollars, when a month old. 
The llniiipsliii-e Down Sheep 
we have seen in this country give much, 
satisfaction to their owners. This breed is 
said to be the result of a cross between the 
pure South Down and the old horned, while- 
face sheep of Hampshire, By this cross a 
hardier and larger sheep than the South 
Down is obtained. These animals aro not 
quite so symmetrical, but fall little short of 
the South Down in this respect. Their wool 
is longer and coarser than the South Down, 
and probably of more real value in America, 
though of its relative spinning qualities vve 
know nothing. None of Mr. Hughes’ 
Hampshire Downs show signs of horns ; 
these were long ago bred out of the cross. 
The faces are as black as the pure South 
Downs. Their mutton qualities are excel¬ 
lent ; and if we were going to choose, we 
should prefer taking the chances with a 
flock of Hampshire Downs, to breeding 
CotswoUla for profit, all things considered. 
Mr. Hughes is a young and energetic 
man, whose interests arc in this country, and 
must depend for his success as an importer 
upon his reliability as a dealer. We have 
no doubt lie will succeed, because we believe 
he aims to deserve so to do. 
lbs.; aggregate gain second year, 1,410 lbs.; 
aggregate gain the hist year, 1,460 lbs. 
Girth January 17, 1870.— No. 1, 0 feet 
11 inches; No. 2, 9 feet 10 inches; No. 3, 
10 feet; No. 4,10 feet 2 inches. 
Live Weight -when Slaughtered , After Ex¬ 
hibiting in New York City Three Weeks, 
February 8, 1870.—No. 1, 3,220 pounds; 
No. 2, 3,225 pounds; No. 8, 3,315 pounds; 
No. 4, 3,340 pounds; total, 13,100 pounds. 
Aggregate decrease from home weight, 300 
pounds. 
Net Weighty Separate, Nine Day* After 
Slaughtering , February 17, 1870. — No. 1, 
fore quarter, 611 lbs.; do. do., 619; hiud 
quarter, 479; do. do., 452; total, 2,161 lbs. 
No. 2, fore quarter, 612 lbs.; do. do., 612 
lbs.; bind quarter, 456; do. do., 442; total, 
2,122 lbs. No. 3, fore quarter, 674 lbs.; do. 
do., 717; bind quarter, 483; do. do., 493; 
total, 2,307 lbs. No. 4, fore quarter, 604 lbs.; 
do. do., 599; bind quarter, 487 ; do. do., 471; 
total, 2,170 lbs. 
Net Weight Collectively .—No. 1, 2,101 lbs.; 
No. 2, 2,122; No. 3, 2,367; No. 4, 2,170— 
total, 8,820 lbs. 
Weight of Rough Fat. —No. 1, 275 lbs.; 
No. 2, 301; JNo. 3, 204; No. 4, 325—total, 
1,105 lbs. 
Greatest Live Weight of Large Pair {Nos. 
3 and 4.)—At home, 6,846 lbs; in New York 
City, 6,655 lbs.; net beef weight of same, 
4,537 lbs.—exceeding the live and net weight 
of any pair of cattle ever fattened. 
Comparative Live and Net Weight of Steer 
No, 3.—At home, 3,400 lbs.; in New York 
City, 3,315 lbs.; showing a shrinkage of 91 
lbs.; net beef weight, 2,367 lbs.—making tl^ 
net beef weight, as compared with liv^ 
weight,, nearly 72 lbs. to the hundred ; thus’ 
showing a higher proportion of net beef 
weight (live shrinkage considered) than was 
ever reached before. 
erbsman 
IMPORTED STOCK, 
Guernsey and Jersey Cattle nnd Hampshire 
Down Sheep. 
Just across Fulton ferry, not two minutes’ 
walk therefrom in Brooklyn, is a stable full 
of cattle and sheep which arc interesting if 
not profitable to look at. Mr. Forbes, our 
readers perceive, lias been there to look at 
them, and he shows us how they looked to 
him. We went over the other day, with the 
importer, Mr. William II. T. Hughes, to 
see these animals, and n. rampageous, ten- 
minutes old Guernsey bull, from the heifer 
“Daisy” of the engraving, came bounding 
towards us as we entered the stable. These 
Guernsey Cattle, 
as our readers know, probably, derive their 
name from the Island of Guernsey whence 
they are imported. They are associated in 
most people’s minds with the Jerseys and Al- 
derneys, and accounted identical really as a 
Jirewl 
THE BEEF SUPPLY, 
WEIGHTS OF AYRAULT STEERS 
A Kansas correspondent of the Chicago 
Republican, in a review of the cattle trade, 
says that the number of beef cattle in Texas, 
whence the chief supply comes, is not, near 
so large as recent statements made it. It, 
lias been given out and generally understood 
that Texas now contains three or four times 
iis many cattle as at the close of the war, but 
such is not the case. The Agricultural De¬ 
partment gave the number of cattle in Texas 
in 1806 as 3,111,475, while the latest depart¬ 
ment, :d estimates, giving the number in Feb¬ 
ruary, I860, place it at 2,697,338 bead. This 
is a decrease of 414,137 in three years. The 
census also shows that not only Texas, but 
all the Southern States, and most of the 
Northern States, contain a much smaller 
number of cattle than they did ten years back. 
The assertion is made that while the pop- 
v’ation has increased fully thirty-three per 
cent, within the past, ten years, the number 
of neat cattle has actually decreased twenty 
per cent., and notwithstanding the enhanced 
price of meat, the supply is constantly grow¬ 
ing less abundant. In 1860, with a popula¬ 
tion of 31,417,331, we hud 25,040,337 neat 
cattle in the country; while now, with a 
population of more than 40,000,000, accord¬ 
ing to the report of the Department of Agri- 
cult, ure, wo hare but 
21,033,090, show- 
j ing a net decrease 
1 V\ since 1860 of more 
' ' j than 4,000,000 ani- 
i I mals, when, to pre¬ 
serve the ratio of 
cattle to the popu- 
fj t.’r lation, we should 
I I'J have had an in- 
1 j | | I i I crease of about 7,- 
i 11 I ■ , i j ( 000,000. 
J fe— 1 -1 i’, 1 1 Ij ■ j . There now exists 
| y ; ( V j an actual deficit in 
% ' 1 1 ' the supply of one- 
t 1 third, there being 
^ at. this time about 
'j/ft' I ant” than these fig- 
ur< j S S * K,W ’ as t-hcro 
milch cows than 
there were in 1860, 
8 ^ not w i t h s t antling 
crease in beef cattle 
is said to be owing 
sion of dairy farin- 
milch cows were34 
milch cows to the 
„ it e r e s t i n g facts 
/) should command 
the attention of 
farmers. 
We have received many inquiries con¬ 
cerning the individual weights of the Ayrault 
steers, portraits of which we gave in Rural 
of February 5. We are kindly permitted by 
Mr. Ayrault to copy the following state¬ 
ment of weights from the chart accompany¬ 
ing the beautiful chromo-lithograph of which 
we have hitherto written. The numbers 
given the steers respectively here, refer to the 
figures in our engraving us follows No. 1, 
the lower left, hand figure; No. 2, the lower 
right hand figure ; No. 8, upper right hand 
figure; No. 4, upper left haml figure. 
Live Weights —At throe years old, Octo¬ 
ber 12, 1860 : No. 1, 1,805 lbs.; No. 2,1,860: 
No. 3, 2,010; Nd. 4, 2,466—total, 8,146 lbs. 
January 1,1867: No. 1, 1,960 lbs.; No. 2, 
1,960; No. 3,2,150; No. 4,2,560—total, 8,680 
lbs. January 1,1808: No. 1,2,536 lbs.; No. 
2, 2,510; No. 3, 2,604; No. 4, 2,940—total, 
10,500 lbs. January 1,1809; No. 1,3,944 
11)8.; No. 2, 2,880 ; No. 8,2,974; No. 4,3,202 
—total, 12,000 lbs. January 1, 1870: No. 1, 
3,300 lbs.; No. 2, 8,320; No. 3, 3,406; No. 
4,3,440—total, 13,466 lbs. 
Aggregate gain in two and a-half months, 
484 lbs.; aggregate gain the first year, 1,960 
But the animals wo saw iri Air. 
Hughes’ stable arc certainly distinct inform, 
size and color from the Jerseys. They are 
larger, are white and yellow colored, have 
light colored hoofs, and while they have the 
same general outline characteristic of good 
milkers they would not be regarded of the 
same breed tow an intelligent herdsman, we 
think. They are larger milkers, and the 
quality of their milk is said to rank close to 
that of the Jersey stock. Of this we know 
nothing from experience, or recorded tests. 
They have this ad¬ 
vantage over the 
Jerseys, that they 
have the frame and 
form for fattening 
which the Jerseys 
have not; and in 
this country this is 
an important con¬ 
sideration. 
The Guernsey 
Heifer “ Cherry ” 
was two years old 
February 20,1870. 
Her color is lpmon 
and white. She was 
bred by G. Ogier 
of Guernsey. 
The heifer “Dai¬ 
sy,” above referred 
to, was 30 months 
old February 28, 
1870; is yellow and 
white and dropped 
her first calf April 
25. 
The Jersey Cattle 
are from the island 
of Jersey, and are 
mulberry fawn in 
color; the Guern¬ 
seys are white and 
yellow. They are 
smaller in carcass, 
smaller feeders and 
milkers, but give 
milk of very rich 
quality. They are 
less symmetrical in 
outline than the 
Guernseys, which 
more resemble the 
Short-Horns. They 
have been too fre¬ 
quently described 
to l x uire descrip¬ 
tive detail here. 
The Jersey heif¬ 
er “Beauty,” whose 
portrait we give, 
is rightly named. 
She is handsome, 
E. Sears, Eng, 
JERSEY AND GUERNSEY CATTLE AND HAMPSHIRE DOWN SHEEP, IMPORTED BY WM. H. 'T. HUGHES, NEW YORK CITY 
Sft\ . j.j&ji 
