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S^je jlarirfiur- 
CABBAGE AND CAULIFLOWER. 
The cabbage appropriately finds a place 
in every garden, even tbo most humble. It 
is of easy culture, and yet well repays any 
extra care, cither in the shape of fertilizers or 
cultivation. It succeeds most satisfactorily 
in good clay loam, worked thoroughly to a 
good depth, and made rich with well decom¬ 
posed barn-yard manure. Lime, ashes and 
salt arc also beneficial fertilizers. Some cul¬ 
tivators aver tliat the application of a hand¬ 
ful of salt to the head of open-leaved cab- 
bago insures a good, compact head with cer¬ 
tainty. Frequent hoeing is a material aid 
in this respect. By a good selection of va¬ 
rieties, every family, with a few rods of 
ground, may have a supply nearly the / 
whole year. Within a few years many f 
new varieties have been introduced, some & 
of which have proved valuable. We know V 
of no better cabbage for flavor, or for a sec¬ 
ond early or even winter cabbage, than the 
Winningstadt, and no other, in the range 
of our culture, succeeds as well on sandy 
and gravelly soils. 
Many of the varieties are of European 
origin, but we give herewith au illustration 
of the Early Wyman Cabbage, originat ing 
with Mr. John Wyman, Arlington, Mass., 
which, after careful trial, is introduced to 
the public as a cabbage that beads early, is 
of large size, and first quality, making it a 
profitable early market cabbage. 
In some notes recently upon cauliflower, 
mention was tftadc of the Half Early Paris, 
or Thorburus Nonpareil as one of the best 
for general culture by those who had little 
experience, as a sort very sure under fair 
treatment to result in good blooms or heads. 
We give now a good illustration thereof, for 
which, as also for the Wyman Cabbage, wc 
are indebted to B. K. Brass & Son, seeds¬ 
men, New York City. 
-- 
TOMATO CULTURE. 
|T»e following letter comes to us rather late 
for getting early tomatoes by the mode suggest¬ 
ed, but we give it space now because of the sug¬ 
gestions as to summer treatment.— Eds. Rural.] 
Our. plan of getting early tomatoes is to 
plant the seeds in the bouse the middle of 
February. When second leaves have made 
little growth, transplant in other boxes; if 
they get too thick, transplant again. Bet in 
the garden the first week in May, if the 
weather is warm; cover frosty nights, (we 
use sap buckets for that purpose;) set three 
feet apart each way; drive a stake six feet 
high, close to each plant; when a foot high, 
take a ball of twine, such as is used for tying 
wool, pass around the vine close under a 
leaf, and tie to the stake. When the 
first blossoms appear, pinch out every 
branch that has started below, and as 
they grow in height, keep tying until 
they reach the top of the stake, then L 
pinch oft’ the top of the vine. We keep wjfl 
the side branches pinched off as fast as 
they appear, leaving only the main stalk, 
which will be a perfect mass ot fruit 
from the ground to the top of the stake. 
Last summer we picked our first ripe 
tomatoes the tenth of August, which 
was three weeks earlier than out - neigh¬ 
bors. They followed the old plan, let¬ 
ting them run over the ground. 
Mrs. E. G. Martin. 
Medina Co., Ohio. 
he Utwftiarh. 
THE LOCKPORT GRAPES. 
I see I shall have to yield the palm to 
Mr. IIoag in the way of telling big stories of 
what be and some of his neighbors — whom 
he is particular to name — have been doing 
in the line of raising monster crops of grapes, 
judging from liis article in the Ritrax, New- 
Yorker of the 30th, in answer to a former 
article of mine. Mr, Hoag comes out boldly 
and says that bis Ionas, on their fourth year, 
seven hundred and twenty-six vines to the 
acre, yielded from ten to fourteen pounds of 
grapes per vine, and were all sold at thirty 
cents per pound. Taking the lowest figure, 
ten pounds, the proceeds would he §2,178 
per acre. A big story, surely, and ought to 
be taken with a good deal of allowance. 
And again, what is still more remarkable, 
Mr. IIoag cannot begin to grow such large 
crops of grapes as many of his neighbors do. 
I should like to feast my eyes on some such 
sights as he tells about. 
In the matter of locality, I think Naples 
is as well situated for the production of the 
grape as Lockport and its vicinity. One of the 
oldest viueyardists of this place has a con¬ 
nection near Lockport who owns a vineyard. 
He was out there on a visit last fall. When 
he left Naples our grapes were almost en¬ 
tirely ripe, and were being shipped to mar¬ 
ket as rapidly as possible; but when he 
arrived at Lockport he was very much sur¬ 
prised to find the grapes, generally, quite 
green. He is one of our best citizens, and 
his word can be relied upon probably as 
well as the person named by Mr. IIoag. 
Mr. Hoag didn’t say whether the vine¬ 
yard that produced thirteen tons to the acre 
ever bore any after that; if it did, it was a 
miracle. My impression is that it did not. 
As Mr. Hoag has thrown out this hint for 
somebody to visit their section during the 
season which is rapidly approaching us, to see 
some of the wonders which lie talks about; I 
would suggest that a party he gotten up 
from both sides to visit both sections, and 
give us the result of such visit in the Rural 
iisntsstons. 
EARLY WYMAN CADBAGE. 
at the proper time. Ocular demonstrations 
would be the most satisfactory to our side at 
least. 
With regard to my requesting Mr. IIoag 
to give us his method of pruning and man¬ 
aging the vines generally, I didn’t know but 
that ho might have something peculiar to 
himself, probably after the manner of a cer¬ 
tain individual here who figured extensive¬ 
ly during last season in a celebrated Boston 
journal of horticulture. J. Sagar. 
Naples, N. Y, 
Arboriculture. 
ARBORICULTURAL NOTES. 
Pears on Thorn*. 
The adore Curtis asks bow the pear does 
grafted on thorn roots. We do not know ; 
but lop worked on thorn it. has proved un¬ 
profitable with us. We would not risk it if 
we had a million thorn roots. 
When to Plant While Thorn Seed. 
It. M. II., Independence, Iowa, writes:—“ I 
have about two bushels of White Thorn 
seed gathered last fall, and I do not know 
bow to make them grow. Will you or some 
HALE-EARLY PARIS CAULIFOWER. 
of your correspondents give me the neces¬ 
sary information?” We never planted any 
White Thorn seed, but wc should have pre¬ 
pared the ground and planted them last fall; 
or we should have stored them in a box of 
sand where they would have frozen during 
the winter and planted them this spring, just 
as we would apple seed. 
Lousy Apple Trees. 
JonN Armitage writes :—“ I would like 
to have you or some one tell me what to 
do for my apple trees. They arc almost 
covered with lice and seem to he dying. 
They are young trees and seem to be grow¬ 
ing nicely. I send a piece of bark to show 
how they are infested.” The bark sent in¬ 
dicates that the. trees are very lousy. If they 
stand in grass we should plow the orchard 
and cultivate it the present season. We 
should wash the trees at once with very 
strong soft soap suds. Wc should give the 
ground over the roots a top-dressing of un- 
leacbed ashes, and stimulate with a liberal 
supply of manure worked into the soil. The 
lice will disappear if this is done promptly. 
--- 
Arhorirulturnl Inquiries*.—Wishing to plant 500 
pcaoli trees, what kinds would you recommend, 
that have been tested as good bearers, fine, sale¬ 
able fruit, of both early and late kinds, adapted 
to this locality, Western Now York, on Lake On¬ 
tario shore ? Also, mode of cultivation for first 
year?— Niagara Ob. Weshall have to ask some 
of the Western New York peach growers to an¬ 
swer these inquiries. 
AMERICAN INST. FARMERS’ CLUB. 
Notes ot Discussions, Extracts from Let¬ 
ters, dfcc. 
The Market for American Snmnc.— JACOB B. 
Litti.e, Deckertown, N. J., asks where there is 
a market for sumac, when it should be gathered 
and what parts. Horace Grkklry said he 
picked sumac fifty years ago, and It was sold at 
a profit. Ho presumed it would be profitable 
now. It is said that American sumac Is not so 
good as that obtained from Sicily. The South¬ 
ern grown suinao is better than that from the 
Northern States. He used to gal her the ends of 
the shoots of the same year's growth, breaking 
off about a root of the ends and selling leaves 
and shoots both. It was gathered when the 
leaves were fully matured. It. was then used 
for dyeing. Mr. Gregory stated that consider¬ 
able quantities of it aroused on Staton Island 
now for dyeing purposes. Mr. Djeiiil said tho 
best sumac comes from Sicily and sells at from 
$t(X) lo $120 per ton ; tlic Virginia sumac brings 
from $75 to $80. There is no good reason why 
we should send abroad for sumac. The Ameri¬ 
can is well known to contain more tuuin than 
the 1 'urelgn, and considerable quantities of it art; 
exported. The trouble with the American is 
that it is not carefully prepared for market. Dr. 
Smith said ho had been told in Richmond that 
considerable quantities of the Virginia sumac is 
exported to Sicily. Mr. COLTON said a groat, 
deal of Southern sumac is exported and again 
imported as Sicilian sumac. The difference In 
the market prico in this country of the Ameri¬ 
can and foreign product, affords ample margin 
for such practice. The people of the South ate 
waking up to the importance of this product. 
Mr. Bruen said that In Newark, N..T., there are 
a great many manufacturers of morocco leather 
who use considerable quantities of aumau. They 
buy the Sicilian sumac because it is pure free 
from sticks. The American product would bo 
.iusL os valuable to them provided they could be 
sure that, they got only tho leaves when they 
purchase it. They reject any sample which con¬ 
tains any other substance than sumac leaves. 
Club-Foot in Cabbage.— BAINRRIDGE BISHOP, 
New Russia, N. Y., writes that ho has found a 
remedy for this trouble which he never knew to 
fall;—“Fill a kettle with the leaves and twigsof 
red-berried older, sometimes called stinking el¬ 
der. It can bo distinguished from the common 
sweet elder by its blossoming much earlier In 
the spring, and by Us scarlet berries; also, by 
its brown pith. Add water, and boil till you get 
a sti'ong decoction; when it is cool, pour care¬ 
fully on the center of each plant about a gill. 
One application is generally enough. On tena¬ 
cious soils It might bo necessary to loosen tho 
earth around the stein of each plant a little. As 
a preventive, all that is ueoassary la to wntor the 
plants with tho decoction once or twice after 
they aro set out. It also acts as an excellent 
liquid manure, as any one can sec by tho vigor¬ 
ous dark green the plants assn mo after the ap¬ 
plication. It is faffter to boil the elder In the 
open air, as It emits a. villainous smell. My 
brother had a whole patch so badly affected by 
the club-foot that the outside leaves turned yel¬ 
low and the plants would wilt, in the heat ol' I ho 
day. One application saved them, and they pro¬ 
duced as fine heads as you would wish toseo." 
Dr. Thimble said that the testimony of par¬ 
ties who had used New Jersey marl tho past year 
In cabbage culture Is that where t hey used it 
there was no club-root; where they did not, In 
the same fields, there was. 
The Fodder to Grow on Sandy Soil.—J. Plock- 
EU, Oasis, Wis., writes:—Grass is tbo life of tho 
farm, but grass on a sandy soil is an unstable in¬ 
stitution. Sow a mixture of buckwheat, corn and 
oats for fodder; tho reaper can be used to ad¬ 
vantage in this way. This fodder need nut be 
secured till after early thrashing, when, the barn 
being empty, anil husking going on, alternate 
layers of stalks and huekwheat mixture will 
come handy. 
Lime ond Cut Worms, —W. B. Harlow, Stc- 
vensvillc, Montana, asked how it would answer 
to put a spoonful of lime about each cabbage 
and tomato plant to proveut tho ravages of tho 
cut worm. No member had tried It; but it was 
suggested that salt would lw hotter about tho 
cabbage and lime about tho tomato plants. 
A Northern Man In the South.— Mr. Lyman, 
the Commander announced, had been South to 
the New Orleans Fair and was asked to give tho 
results of his observation. He said passing 
through Virginia ho had lingered a week in tho 
Piedmont counties and in the highlands of North 
Carolina; went thence to the valley of East 
Tennessee, down it to Chattanooga, passed a few 
hours at Corinth, arrived at New Orleans by way 
of Mobile; ran up into Mississippi for a day,and 
returned to Now York by way of Cuba. Ho 
thus sums up bis conclusionsJlua tho time 
eomo when the full tide of migration, now set¬ 
ting so strongly to the West, should be diverted 
to the States recently at war ? In a general way 
I answer, that on an average five years’ industry 
will ho likely to givo a man a better and more 
valuable Turin at, tbo West than at tho South. 
The average of Western land is much better 
than the average of Southern land ; and a quar¬ 
ter section In Kansas or Colorado Is much more 
likely to double in value than a cotton farm of 
one hundred and sixty acres. While this is true, 
there aro chances and openings and specialties 
at tbo South which promise better than the 
average grain and grass farm of the prairies. I 
will mention a few of these: 
1. From five to fifteen dollars an acre will give 
title to a tract of good red clay upland iu the 
Piedmont 'ounties of Virginia and North Caro¬ 
lina. This belt, extending sixty miles eastward 
from the peaks of the Blue Ridge, was made for 
a splendid farming country. If the labor sys¬ 
tem had been just, and the farm practices sound, 
these lands would have been equal in produc¬ 
tiveness and In value to the best grain farms of 
Eastern Pennsylvania and Western New York. 
If you would know how not to do, go and sea 
how these land owners have done. They illus¬ 
trate every wrong way and every mistaken 
usage in agriculture. They bavo taken every¬ 
thing off, and given nothing back; they have 
borrowed, but never paid ; they have overtaxed 
the flat lands, and allowed the washes to deepen 
into gullies on the slopes; they have given over 
to sedge gross what should havo been blooming 
in clover; and little pines are growing where 
should be orchards of apple and pear and plum 
and peach. But I do not call tho red lands of d 
the South exhausted. Scratching a surface s 
with a little plow', pulled by a weak horse or t 
a stiff bony mule, will cause three inches of the a 
surface to grow poor and wash away. That is f 
all. Llrno and clover seed and tcn-lnoh plow- l 
iug, with circle ditches to stop the washing, and \ 
the pine bushes cut close and thrown Into the 1 
gullies, will raise all those lands to a producing t 
power of twenty-five bushels wheat and fifty of f 
shelled oorn. With proper management, five 1 
years’ time will do it, and then an acre of it. will 4 
be as well worth $<)<) as any prairie farm. j: 
2. Iti the mountains of tho South are millions , 
of acres quite well adapt ed to grass. But they ] 
are as a rule remote and wild and steep. The 3 
climate, however, is the purest, the most whole- 1 
some and balmy on the Continent; and many f 
who will In a few years die of throat and lung 1 
affections in the North, w'ould eomo to a green f 
old age on those sunny mountain slopes and do- 1 
vated plains. Those who for sanitary reasons 1 
remove thither will find most profit In wool, in 1 
honey and dried and canned peaohos, in winter < 
apples, In manufactures which call for astu I 
locust, and black walnut timber, and in extract- 1 
ing tanners’ ooze from oak bark. i 
3. Tho cot ton lands of tbo South I regard as 
tho least attractive to Northern settlors, ©Spec¬ 
ially farmers with a lew hundred or a few thous¬ 
and dollars. The freed negroes have the year 
past made 3,000,000 bales. Tho prospect Is that 
3,500,000 will bo made in 1870. If so, much of it 1 
will sell for less than twenty ceuts, some for less 
than fifteen.cents, a pound. The true interest < 
of (ho cotton belt is not in growing more but 1 
less cotton and more food. Besides, cotton calls 
for a monotonous and dreary round of tread¬ 
mill toll from January to January again, and a 
white man had better bo sowing wheat or mak¬ 
ing hay or milking cows or hewing railroad lies. 
Work of that sort 1ms not been found to clioke 
out tho intellect and dwarf the man. But to 
(oil side by side with the African, under that 
scorching sun, on the banks of those muddy 
streams, exchanging the plow-handles for tho 
cotton-bag, and the cotton-bag for the plow 
again, I do not recommend to any man who can 
pre-empt a Kansas homestead, or boo the sun 
from his eubin-door sink behind the gold-ribbed 
peaks of Colorado. 
The tropical parts of the South I regard ns 
most Inviting to all who, from runey or declin¬ 
ing health, prefer a climate without frosts. I 
hear of a pineapple garden In Florida, one acre 
in extent, that has brought, its owner $5,(L0 this 
year. I11 Louisiana, a settlor cau havo from 
forty acres planted in figs, In oranges, in broom 
corn, sugar cane, and yams, as large profit, with 
more moderate and varied labor Mian would bo 
necessary in farming any one hundred acres in 
tho North. In the southern part of Florida one 
can go beyond tho Fine of frost, and bo sure of 
tropical crops Mail, never fail. If 1 wen; willing 
to forego the invlgoratlon of cold winds and tho 
tonics of ice and snow I would go well to the 
southward and give up apples to enjoy figs nil 
summer, and forego sleigh rides to plok oranges 
from Mm trees all winter. 
In conclusion, then, 1 recommend to all who 
mo willing or Compelled to give up the dash and 
thrift of a bracing cllmato for air that is balmy 
and winters that aro short, toseek tho highlands 
of Mm South, to go uver tho Western North 
Carolina Road to East Tennessee and Northern 
Georgia. There is a region three hundred miles 
wide and four hundred long, where the boat 
lands are held n( fifty dollars,and the steepest at 
fifty cents, and where there aro no diseases but 
such ns aro imported or inherited, or bred by 
uneloauness and low living. Those who think 
they can live and work where the mercury rests 
between seventy and eighty degrees nine-tenths 
of the year, can find In the far South many ways 
Of making money easy and fust. 
Those who think tho stops of American history 
havo been, during tho past decade, all grand and 
safe advances, who admire<5 rant, think well of 
Butler, respect M 10 memory of Stanton, and 
look upon Lincoln us a great, martyr in a great 
cause, and who wish to be open and free in avow¬ 
ing such views, will not find a pleasant home 
among tho Southerners. They will sell him land 
at moderate figures?, but he should go with others 
from tho Noi’th, onough to make a hamlet or a 
elan, so he can be sure of a school-house, with a 
school-marm.in it; a church, with regular ser¬ 
vice ; roads over which a horse can trot; 
bridges In place of fords; and painted cottages 
ill room of log huts. 
While T have stated thus candidly the present, 
state of Sout hern feeling, I will say that tho ten¬ 
dency is all iu the right direction. The evils are 
shrinking ami the good prospering. Those who 
hate the Yankee most admit that, lie can do 
more for their weal than tho Southron. Some 
are ready to admit that as from the North canto 
the conqueror with well shaped arms, so from 
the North must eomo tho peaceful Bottler, who, 
with plow well moulded, with grass seed and 
Short-Horns, with lathe and forge, and boiler 
mid tank, and vat and pick and adze, shall truly 
and permanently ro-construct the South. 
I. will say, also, that the veneration for times 
that are gone, and tho Boldiers that are dead, is 
mainly displayed by those who slept on feather 
beds through tbo war. I found no men ntoro 
peaceful, or industrious, or civil, or glad t.o see 
Northern land buyors than the men who stood 
up four years in a squaro fight for a separate 
government. By tho tlmo tho narrow head- 
boards aro rotted away and the earthworks have 
melted to low grassy ridges, the bitterness will 
have died out, the companies that own the roads 
and run tho boats will be made up of capitalists 
from both sections; our clover will grow there, 
1 our practices wilt be adopted, our seed grain 
sought for. 
Whatever defects the Southerner may have, 
he is not uncandid, and he will be more and 
more rejoiced to see his Carollnas shining likg 
the Fitupiro State, and his Virginia coming up 
by an infusion of Northern thrift and skill from 
the ashes in which she sits to her old position of 
leadership. Tho South thinks she needs North¬ 
ern money for cotton mills and iron forges. 
That may be; but what she most needs, and in 
her heart must welcome, is tho progressive 
Northern farmer — the man who I wives his sur¬ 
face every year bettor than he found It; who 
borrows from the earth but never robs her; 
who plants for his heirs, and earns money be¬ 
fore he spends it.; who honors labor six days in 
the week, and on tho seventh honors God. 
it exult* (rum Potato Seeding.—CHARLES SEAns, 
Highland, N. J,, forwards the Club a statement 
of experiments made by J. T. French, in 1851, 
with seed of three different sizes, some planted 
whole, and others cut in larger or smaller pieces, 
which experiments proved that the ratio of pro¬ 
duct to seed “ is greatest from the smallest cut. r 
seed, as might be inferred, would be the case, 1 
but deducting the quantity of seed in Mich ease; 
and the net product per acre Is uniformly in 
favor of planting whole seed, and also an clearly . 
in favor of planting large-sized whole seed, 
when the cos! of seed does not exceed $1 a 
bushel, and the crop pells tor fifty cents or more; 
tho ratio*of product per acre of marketable 
potatoes from whole seed being relatively as 
100,110, 73, and from the smallest cut seed as C>2, 
44, 54. Taking only the first or largest sized 
potatoes, the ratio of product per acre from 
whole seed is as 100, 73, 07." J. W. Prentiss, 
Pultney, N. Y., also writes:—"A good many 
years ago—thirty-five or more -I selected some 
merino potatoes, and out one eye each from 
stem and soed end, and planted them iu separate 
rows, and followed this course for several sea¬ 
sons. The third crop from the stem end; the 
result was one or two potatoes from each eyo 
planted. These were small, below medium, 
nearly round, losing Mm red cloud on inside, 
outside pale, flesh color. From seed ond, per¬ 
haps half-dozen in number, about the size of an 
ounce ball, irregular in shape, and deep red in¬ 
side. My theory was, not. gender, but cutting 
the potato crosswise destroyed it as au Institu¬ 
tion, and it run out. Tf cut lengthwise, you 
have all tho properties necessary to promote a 
healthy propagaMon, while promiscuous cutting 
weakens the vitality, and, of course, is more 
sensitive to tho changes of ground and season. 
I know good potatoes arc grown from single 
eyes, but If stem and seed ends aro persistently 
separated they ■will degenerate or run out. Try 
it." 
Remedy for Gape* in Chickens. Wm. It. Bun¬ 
nell, Bridgeport, Conn., gives tho following as 
a “surecure”:—“Mix into a tablespoonlulof 
soft soup ail tho meal it will hold for feeding, 
and give It to a brood of ten or twelve; all that, 
die from taking it, or all Mail die from tho gapes 
after taking it, I will pay for, at any price. For 
this 1 hope t.o bo remembered nr, future thanks¬ 
givings." 
Ilow to Bury Boulder*. Win. FORREST, Mid- 
dloport, N. Y„ who has had thirty years, labor¬ 
ious experience in tho business says the beat and 
cheapest, way to got rkl of big boulders is“ Dig 
a hole Just at (ho side and partly under, and 
when you are sure you aro deep enough, just 
take a lever and give the stone a start, ami you 
have only to throw 111 the earth over the stone 
and you have a smooth Job. Caro should bo 
taken to dig the hole so deep that the top of the 
stone will be eighteen or twenty inches below 
the surface when the earth is replaced. This 
will answer, unless tmo wishes to adopt our re¬ 
spected friend H. G’s. plan of subsoiling." 
How mill When lo Apply Planter, (J. W. Cof- 
FiTnmTRY, Lake House, Oregon, asks where, how 
much, and to wltat crops plaster should be ap¬ 
plied. It is is a sandy soil, near the sea-shove. 
Mr. Re Al>E had a Friend who increased his crop 
of potatoes twooly per cent, by mixing a small 
quantity with the manure which he put in the 
hill before planting. No other responses were 
uiado.-[Tbo Rural says plaster may be applied 
profitably to any grass or grain crop on sandy 
soil, sowing It broadcast at Mm rale of one to two 
bushels per acre. The best time to apply it is 
lato In the fall or early in spring—Just before 
the rainy season in Oregon weshould think host, 
or soon after the a rain appears above M 10 sur¬ 
face. It is profitably applied to corn and pota¬ 
toes by throwing a small handful on tho hill 
about the plants soon utter the first hoeing.] 
Corn for Soiling. Mrs. Peck writes upon this 
subject:—“For the past dozen yours we havo 
planted maize for our milch cows, and also for a 
horse. They never refuse it,. W 11 make the 
ground very rich; plant In drills,but far enough 
apart one way to go I h rough and hoe, or even to 
go through with a small plow, and lot. it grow 
large. Wo frequently have it nine, ten and 
eleven feet high. Oftentimes it ears as nicely ns 
when cultivated for eating. Wc always plant 
tho Evergreen Sweet. The ears wc husk and 
feed to the hogs for early feed. No matter how 
large the stalks, 1 hey are sweet and brittle. Wc 
feed nights only, but feed heavily. We never 
wilt the stalks, but frequently out early in the 
morning, when wot with the dew, and pile it in 
the barn to keep fresh for night. It makes tho 
sweetest butter and thickest cream of anything 
wo feed." 
gemliug Buck when t Land.—. Gjjqt, P. CASH, To- 
wanda, Pa., has a piece of ground which was in 
buckwheat last, year, and which he wants to seed 
with grass. Asks If he shall sow to buckwheat 
again and sow grass seed with It, or harrow tho 
1 land thoroughly and sow Mm grass seed alone? 
' He is advised to pursue tho latter course. 
s Why I'ow, Give Bloody Milk, -T. A.CltOY, On- 
1 tario, Iowa, gives the following as his theory of 
, tho cause of cows giving bloody milk: First, It 
l Is frequently the ease that cows have to forage 
• iu the timber, and often come in contact with 
r hard substances, such as brush and logs, mid thus 
injure the udder and cause bloody milk. Sec- 
4 ondly, In our prairio States, where the country 
5 is sparsely settled, cattle forage at largo on the 
r prairies, and havo to be brought a distance of 
3 from one to three miles, and this duty is fre- 
• quently performed by some of the young rnom- 
l bers of the family, who aro fond ot riding on 
3 horseback, and often the milch cows arc brought 
up, on a full run for a mile or more, and at the 
j same time the udder is filled with milk, and tho 
I logs beuting against, the udder, first On One side, 
3 then on the other. This severe running is what 
i frequently produces bloody milk; and somo- 
, times the dog is sot upon the cows when bring- 
1 ing them from tho pasture, and sometimes when 
iu the barn-yard; this will also produce tho 
, same result. At Intervals, cows will give clotty 
1 milk. This is caused from the same treatment 
» which we have referred to; and when oowsbc- 
3 come overheated and cool off, the rnilk will bc- 
i come coagulated In some part of tho udder. I 
f would recommend all persons who wish to bavo 
- good, healthful milk, never to suffer their cows 
1 . to be driven faster than a walk. 
1 Onion Maggot,—g. J. GREGORY, New Hartford, 
3 Conn., asks how ho shall get rid of the onion 
" maggot, and is advised to givo the soil a light 
> dressing of salt, or apply It. iu the shape of a 
5 weak briue. Tho Rural has good reason to 
- think that the strewing the beds with powdered 
1 charcoal before th<> fly appears is one of the 
most effectual preventives known. Besides, it 
I benefits the onions. 
t Black A at* nml l*a>oniax —Mrs. M. F. Gilpat- 
, KICK’S (Morristown, 1ml.,) aro troubled with 
1 black ants, which prevent the blossoms perfect- 
!, ing. She asks for a preventive. Mr. Fuller 
- says sprinkle, when wet, with snuff or dry lime. 
