FRUIT CULTURE, 
One peculiarity of the seedlings from any of 
the Alpines is the increased size of the fruit 
for the first two or three years, aud then it 
seems to recede to its original size. In coun¬ 
tries where these berries are largely grown 
for market, as in France, this is so well un¬ 
derstood that seedlings are preferred to old 
plants for making new plantations. The 
discovery of the everbearing varieties, nearly 
a century ago, ODened a new field for exper- 
a seedling from a pistilate of his own, called 
“ Queen of the North,” said plant being a 
cross between Green Prolific and Triomphe 
de Garni, which was again crossed with a 
French plant, the Haquin, one result of 
which was the Late Prolific. “The plant 
is remarkably hardy and vigorous, with 
abundant, strong foliage, of deep green color 
—one of the finest in this respect I have ever 
met with. Fruit very large and uniform 
throughout; color deep and rich; flavor fine 
when entirely ripe, inclined to acid when 
not; rich and juicy, remarkably solid ; car¬ 
ries Avell; can remain on the vines a long 
time without rotting or softening; is about 
one week later than Green Prolific. I pro¬ 
pose testing it another year, (this being the 
third,) as important changes frequently oc¬ 
cur in seedlings about that time.” 
Care of Black berries. 
The yellow fungoid disease is in many lo¬ 
cations more abundant this, than last year. 
It should be attended to at once, ere it 
spread and destroy the whole plantation. 
Cut it away root and branch, for it is the 
only remedial agent that can be practiced; 
at least such is the writer’s experience with 
FRUITS RECEIVED 
BY F. R. ELLIOTT. 
New Strawberries. 
I am indebted to Matthew Crawford, 
East Cleveland, Cuyahoga Co., O., for sam¬ 
ples of seedling strawberries, that are in 
themselves truly beautiful in form and color, 
and superior in quality. Of their produc¬ 
tiveness 1 have only to give Mr. Craw¬ 
ford’s statement, which is that they equal 
any other sort. The three best Mr. Craw- 
ford has named as follows: 
!>Inrv White. 
This is after the style of Lennig’s While, but 
more obtuse or flattened in form, invariably 
with a slight neck, and the calyx pressed 
down upon lire fruit; the seeds are reddish 
as in Leimig’s White, but in this new sort 
they are deeply imbedded ; the flesh is very 
white, juicy, with a rich pineapple flavor. 
Its superiority over Lennig’s White will be 
only in its superior productiveness, a point 
which can only be proven by its growth in 
different locations aud soils. The leafis very 
thick, broad and coarsely lotted. 
Strrliim. 
This is a berry somewhat after the style 
of Golden Seeded, or a full colored, well 
ripened Triomphe de Gaud. It is of size of 
Triomphe de Gaud but more uniformly con¬ 
ical or obovate conical; of a rich glossy ver- 
iuiUion red, thickly studded with golden, 
yellow seed on the surface; the flesh is quite 
firm, of vermillion ml, having a white rim 
around the cone, which is in some, not nil, 
partially hollow; it is rich, sprightly and 
brisk, but a little acid. The calyx is large. 
It has all the points ot a good and desirable 
market sort if it prove abundantly produc¬ 
tive. The leafis broad, almost round, with 
broad yet sharp-cut lobes. 
Margaret. 
This is one of the darkest red berries 
which 1 know. It Is large in size, pretty 
generally broad, conical in form, surface 
more or less uneven, ot u deep purplish or 
liver-like red, and on the upper or sunny 
side the seeds arc mere dents, but on the 
under side they are yellow, sharply pointed, 
and prominent. 'Die calyx lies nearly flat 
to the fruit, is of medium size, not neat as 
large as in the sterling. The flesh is Orn 
of a crimson red in center, darkening to the 
outer rim ; is juicy, rich, and with just that 
acidity and sugar to make it one pleasant to 
eat out of hand. 
Mr. Crawford writes me:—•“ It lias taken 
two first premiums—one for the best seed¬ 
ling, and tile other lor the best flavored 
berry.” 
To me it does not seem a berry likely to 
become as popular a market sort ns the 
Sterling, for the reason that the eye has to 
be attracted by a market sort, and the bril¬ 
liancy of Sterling attracts at once from (lie 
deep richness of color of the Margaret. 
They are both, however, superior sorts in 
promise, and it only remains to test their 
productiveness in different localities and 
soils, when, if they prove productive, Mr. 
Crawford may count a feather in his cap 
as a horticulturist, promotive of the public 
good. 
Tlic Cherry from Kentucky. 
1 have, this June 2, received from II. T. 
Harris, Stanford, Lincoln Co., Ky., some 
specimens of the Morello cherry, whereof he 
gave account in the Horticulturist of March 
last. The fruit came in a glass jar, sur¬ 
rounded with water, which evidently had 
extracted much of the color, as fifteen min¬ 
utes exposure to the air left the cherries like 
so many half rotten or semi-burnt ones. It 
is a good Morello, and whether it prove to 
be Belle de Sccaux, or Donna Maria, or a 
seedling, is valuable on account of its early 
and abundant bearing habit. The fruit, as 
sent me, is smaller than Donna Maria, is of 
size of Belle de Sceaux, but the color of the 
flesh so faded that. 1 coukl not tell whether 
it was yellowish or not. The leaf received 
is also more like Belle de Sceaux than any 
other Morello kuown to me. I hope Mr. 
Harris will place trees of it in a few ama¬ 
teur hands over the country, for t rial aud fu¬ 
ture knowledge or identification. 
of over thirty years. It was found growing 
in a Morello orchard, about forty years ago, 
in a remote part of our county, on the farm 
of a poor man, who never gave the culture 
of fruit any attention, and who did not re¬ 
gard this tree (or any other, for that matter,) 
of any special value. The people of all 
parts of our county have been in the habit 
of making annual visits to this tree and its 
“ progeny” for over a quarter of a century, 
to obtain the fruit for preserving; aud after 
paying as high as a dollar a gallon for them, 
when their trees of the old Morello hung 
loaded with fruit—preferring to pay that 
sum for this cherry rather than use the Mo¬ 
rello without cost. 
SHU, I do not claim to have “ found a 
mare’s nesL" I only give facts that can be 
fully proven by the affidavits of hundreds 
of our fruit growers hereabout. I have no 
“ ax to grind.” I exhausted my own limited 
supply of these trees the present season, as 
gifts to friends and others, and purchased a 
goodly number besides from the grouuds of 
the originator, and sent them out at less than 
cost. 
That this cherry lias some 11 characteristics 
common to other varieties,” I do not doubt; 
but it is no more the Belle de Sceaux, or 
Donna Maria, than the Rome Beauty apple 
is the Ben Davis. It begins to ripen here 
25ih of May, and by June 1st i9 in Its prime. 
The tree seems to he a semi-dwarf; branches 
not so pendant, or willoicy as old red Morello, 
—tree not so compact in growth, foliage 
more sparse. 
The coldest winters, and late spring sleets 
and frosts, do not injure the tree nor its 
fruit; and he what it may, I argue from this 
fact that i‘ y well adapted to a rigorous cli¬ 
mate, or • subject to sudden changes of 
temperature. Our’s is a most villainous 
climate in this respect, and yet we have this 
fruit when all other fruits fail. 
if I know myself, I do not aim to create a 
false impression with regard to this fruit, but 
to aid, as far as my limited resources will 
permit—not in “ unearthing a wonder,” but 
in calling attention to a very desirable fruit. 
There is scarcely a defective cherry on 
any of my trees, insects never seem to trou¬ 
ble them. Mine are eight years old, and are 
now hearing their third full crop. Birds pre¬ 
fer them to all other fruit, and coming on 
with strawberries, &c., are a source of full 
supply to onr feathered friends. If it is not 
the Early Richmond it is evidently a seedling, 
and new. It has, to some extent, a charac¬ 
teristic of that fruit as remarked by Mr. 
Elt.iott in the “ Horticultural Annual” for 
1870, namely, bolding its corolla until after 
it ripens; but in size, as shown In said article, 
this cherry is larger than Early Richmond, 
and is, in size and shape, much like the 
Donna Maria as figured in that Annual by 
Mr. Elliott. My only aim Is to settle the 
question of identity satisfactorily, and having 
confidence in the ability and integrity of Mr. 
E, I have sent him some of the fruit carefully 
put up in raw cotton, and hope ho will give 
a full and careful examination, and report. 
Stanford, Ky., 1870. Henry T. Harris. 
Wagner Aitple in Michigan. 
C. A. Kniffen, Lowell, Mich., writes the 
Rural New-Yorker: —“ I find the Wag¬ 
ner exceeds my expectations as a long keep¬ 
er. June 10th I compared it with the Golden 
Russet, and find that it excels my old favor¬ 
ite as a 1 aster, being sound to the core, fresh 
and delicious, and not surpassed in delicacy 
and aroma by any apple that I ever tasted. 
In fact, it is almost a substitute for a Bart¬ 
lett pear in June.” 
Sweet and Sour Apples. 
The Editor of the Gardener’s Monthly 
says :—“ A Pemarus, Mich,, correspondent of 
Rural New-Yorker, sends to that journal 
apples which are part sour and part sweet, 
in the same fruit Experts pronounce the 
sweet part the Sweet Bough, and iho sour 
Rhode Island Greening. How they were 
originated is not stated. We may remark, 
that when the question of producing them by 
dividing the buds was agitated hist year, we 
urged readers to try for themselves. We did 
our share to settle this vexed question, by 
dividing the buds of a dozen Rhode Island 
Greenings, and a dozen Red Astraelmn, set¬ 
ting the halves of each kind together as one. 
Though we employed a very sharp knife for 
the operation, aud the “ fit ” was so complete 
that no one could tell hut that it was one 
scion, except by the color of the barks, the 
experiment does not promise to succeed. 
But we will report again some day.” 
JOHN STRAWHERKY. 
fleeted ment as well as profit. Scores of so-called 
new sorts have been brought out under new 
names, but every one that we have been 
cut the able to obtain were nothing more or less 
f your than an exaol copy of the old originals. The 
not be Monthly Rod Alpine seems to have been the 
he hill favorite from which to produce new names 
season attached to the same old sort. In Europe, 
it has at least twenty synonyms, which 
shows how many times it lias been brought 
9 while out as new; but in this country we have 
ent. It been more fortunate, as a half dozen times 
mining will fill lhc score. 
1 keep About ten years since, we received the Au-' 
hiiting trnnnnl Galaude from France. It was repre¬ 
sented as being a very large ever-bearing 
i. Red Alpine, but it soon lost its distinct 
Cut off characteristics, and no one coukl tell it from 
it after the old Monthly Alpine. Higley’s Ever- 
ne, the bearing soon alter appeared, but this was 
finitely but a repetition of the Autumnal swindle'; 
uirinut and now we have the Mexican, which is the 
ied and same thing over again. We speak advisedly 
leaves, and with a full assurance of lhe correctness 
it." of our position when we make this assertion 
in regard to this so-called Mexican straw- 
irepare berry. We are also ready to pay all due 
kc rye deference to the opinions of those horticul- 
Imy, or turisis who believe that they have detected 
irough- a slight variation from the old sorts in 
rows, growth, size, and productiveness of the 
That plants. Had wc not made the culture and 
study of the strawberry a specialty for tke 
past twenty yearn, devoting particular at¬ 
tention to the Alpines and Hautboys (as both 
these species arc almost universally neglect¬ 
ed in this country,) we might have thought 
rdett, that some slight botanical characters were 
wherry over-looked; but under the circumstances, 
to any we <j 0 not feci like admitting that our decis- 
quan- j on j s the result of either ignorance or care- 
dities.” Jess observation. 
as our Wc have lately examined otir plants under 
cneral- the light thrown upon the subject by theed- 
»lcs the it or of the Gardener’s Monthly, and admit 
iins its that wc find the characteristics named by 
am pies him, but they are not distinctive because 
y lmn > found as variations in the plants of both sorts, 
•ct; is a few plants in pots may show greater vari- 
1 high a f 10 n than can be found amoug those grown 
s, is, to m the open ground, 
like it ; The length of a petiole, color or size of 
market leaf, are very variable characters, even in any 
ricty ot G f our more common sorts, and unless found 
and a to be very marked and constant, will hardly 
which answer as a guide for dividing up a single 
in mar- variety into many. 
ingular We planted last year a bed of the Mexi- 
. It is C an, and another of the old Monthly Red Al- 
grow- pine, and they both fruited finely all sum¬ 
mer. On the 25th of last month there was 
ripe fruit upon both. They are still in fruit, 
, y * . aud if given plenty of water, there will be no 
h and cesga ti on until checked by frost next autumn. 
I estab- q'i iere are berries now upon the old sort one 
s of the j uc p j u length and three quarters broad, 
nselves g oine are conical in form, others oval, while 
ere not - n p ew instances we notice berries that are 
t vane- C ock’s-comb in shape, the same as claimed 
ith our f or the last novelty among Alpines—namely, 
lSf '> an ^ the Janus, which has lately been introduced 
ety has f rom p ranC e. 
though - 
fekave The Prolific Strawberry. 
iw the Since our last issue, in answer to inquiries 
il type, from us, Mr. Durand writes us that berry is 
Pcnuock Apple in Iowa. 
The Editor of the Iowa Homestead says 
the Pennock, in Van Buren Co., Iowa, Lears 
more fruit in porporliou to the number of 
trees planted than any other variety. 
rWricttlturt 
MULCHING TREES 
Where I reside the early spring was wet 
and warm; but about the middle of April 
the rains stopped, aud the days were clear, 
with a sun almost as hot as in July. This 
has gone on, with only one or two light 
showers to this time, (June 3d,) and us each 
shower of rain rather beat down aud har¬ 
dened, than softened the ground, it has been 
almost impossible to work plow or cultiva¬ 
tor in clay, and especially in heavy Clay 
lands. The result, of course, is that all our 
early or spring planting of trees are suffer¬ 
ing ; and while the older orchard trees of 
five or more years out have grown, we find 
them now making their terminal buds, the 
growth, in many cases, not being over eight 
to ten inches. 
We can’t plow; to hoe is impossible; and 
the use of a spud fork too costly, even if the 
representative physical labor were at baud. 
What, then, shall we do? is the question. 
Well, I’ll tell what I did last year, aud what 
I have now again been doing:—1 bad a 
small patch of peas last year, that had grown 
too large and thick to make it convenient to 
longer work among them with plow and 
cultivator ; so, in July I mowed the bogs and 
wild grass in my old pasture lot, the fence 
corners, &c., and spread the grass about four 
inches thick all over the ground among them. 
In November lost I went among them 
with a rake and drew away the mulch one 
foot each side from the bodies, to save them 
from mice. Those trees this spring are do¬ 
ing better than any of my others, which, on 
account of the dry weather, I have been un¬ 
able to plow or cultivate among. And now 
I have here, early in June, been mowing, 
odd corners, boggy places, etc., and at once 
mulching all my newly planted trees, and, 
so far as I had it, those that were of two or 
more years planted. 
I have a little plot of half an aero or so in 
grass; that grass I have mown and raked it 
around the bodies of the trees iu circles oi 
six feet diameter or thereabouts, according 
to the size and probable extension ot the 
roots of the trees. A few trees treated in 
this way a week since, with the surface 
ground then dry as powder, now, when the 
grass is turned up, present moisture, and the 
leaves of the trees are evidently improved in 
their color. Frank Aron. 
P0M0L0GICAL GOSSIP, 
RASPBERRY EXPERIENCE 
The result of four years’ experience with 
raspberries, has brought me to the following 
conclusions, viz :—That most of the “ fancy” 
ones advertised and sold by nurserymen at 
extiuvagrant prices, arc worthless for any 
practicable purpose whatever. I have tried 
several varieties that were represented as 
“magnificent;” among them, the Clark, 
Hornet, Brjnklcs’ Orange, &c., and find that 
here they either winter kill or imperfectly 
ripen their fruit. It will not pay to lay 
down raspberry canes for winter protection, 
and take the risk then of getting a slim 
crop after you have carefully pilated them 
through. From a lot of Brinkles’ Orange, 
planted three yearn ago, I will get this year 
not one berry, all having been killed down 
the last winter—the mildest one wc have 
had for years. My reliance, hereafter, will 
he on the Common Black-Cap, found grow¬ 
ing wild among our hills here, which, with 
good culture, increases iu size and quality; 
bears large crops every year; is perfectly 
hardy and profitable for home or market 
use; and doubtless the origin of all the black¬ 
caps, sold under whatever name or pretext. 
So you see, after going to considerable ex¬ 
pense to get “ new and improved ” varieties, 
and spending four years fooling with them, I 
am back to the starting point, the “ ever re¬ 
liable” Black-Cap. 
Brownsville, O., June 20,1870. O. M. H. 
THAT "NEW CHERRY, 
Under the head “ Fruits Received," by 
F. R. Elliott, in Rural New-Yorker, 
June 4tli, my article in the Horticulturist 
for March last, headed “ A New Cherry,” is 
somewhat facetiously criticised. At least, 
your fruit critic seems Jo think that I am 
under the impression that I have" unearthed 
a wonder." 
I have already placed this tree in the 
hands of amateurs in nearly every section of 
the country—even in California and Utah, 
and all over the West and South, in Iowa, 
New York, Ohio, &c., Ac.—with a view to 
having its merits fully, fairly, and definitely 
tested. I sent quite a good-sized tree to A. 
S. Fuller nearly two years ago, and asked 
him to give it special attention, which he 
