THE N 
ijlURM. 
y EXCE L SIOR 
41 I’nrk How, New York, 
I in IVm to (?(., Itoelieuter, 
NEW YORK CITY AND ROCHESTER, N. Y 
; V K A It. 
Eiirlit ('flits 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY ID, 1870 
| Entered according to Aot of Congress, in the year 1870, i*y D. D. T. Moons, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.] 
NOTES FOR HERDSMEN 
Although Carson hail blit little educa¬ 
tion, lie was a mail of excellent natural 
abilities, speaking French and Spanish flu¬ 
ently, besides several Indian tongues, all ac¬ 
quired orally. Ite bad, at times, very 
weighty responsibilities vesting upon him, 
all of which lie discharged with fidelity and 
credit. There is, perhaps, no man living 
who lias the practical knowledge of the 
rivers, plains and mountains of the Great. 
West which Kit Carson had. He has 
hunted, trapped, and fought Indians all over 
tual receipts from his vineyard, from year to 
year, their age, liis mode of training, etc., has 
been read by thousands who thereby were 
led to engage in vine culture. But it is not 
alone upon the grape that our horticultural 
record of Mr. Buchanan reals. The list of 
apples tells a t ale of his works; also of pears. 
The old residents of Cincinnati rejoice to see 
him coming to town any day after July, 
with a basket on his arm, for they know it 
lias in it something new and choice, worthy 
a look and deserving a taste. 
Again, aside from 
his horticultural life, 
and yet connected 
with it, has been Mr. 
Buchanan’s associa- a 
tion with Natural / ' 
Sciences. The Cincin- / p§ 
n a l i Academy of / 
Natural Sciences was /S 
organized In 1835, and / 
he made its President, / . 
and of Botanv, Con- I 
cholngy, and Fossils, / 
li i s own 1 i b r a r y / 
abounds with epecL / 
n Xierbstmcti. 
I iiooiiIii i ion Ini' Plfiivo-l’neiinionia. 
A correspondent writes:—I have seen 
it stated that inoculation has been success¬ 
fully practiced in England, as a preventive 
of pleuropneumonia. is if true? It it is, it 
may he of some importance in this country, 
since the high prices of stock is likely to in¬ 
duce importations.” A deputation from the 
Cheshire Chamber of Agriculture,some time 
since, visited London to inquire into this 
very matter, and their report says: 
“ We are sorry to have 10 say that the re¬ 
sults of our inquiry respecting the efficacy of 
inoculation as a preventive of pleuro-pnou- 
monia in cattle, is not as satisfactory as we 
could wish. All the cow keepers we saw in 
London spoke favorably of it, but the opin¬ 
ion in Its favor we found was evidently given 
more as an expression of hope and of feel¬ 
ing, than of direct testimony from actual ex¬ 
perience. They resorted to it on a first at¬ 
tack of the disease, said they, hut as a rule, 
did not, inoculate so long as their stock wore 
healthy. When asked why they did not in¬ 
oculate all their cows as soon as they came 
into their possession, or when they were quite 
tree from disease, as a safer precaution if 
their theory was correct, they answered, 
‘ There wus always a risk of some cattle dy¬ 
ing from the cllects of inoculation, and they 
thought it best to let well enough alone.’ ” 
TEXAS CATTLE 
EMINENT HORTICULTURISTS—VI 
Rolievt Itiicliannu. 
In seeking to portray and present to the 
public the lives and services of our most 
eminent living horticulturists, I find an evi¬ 
dent dislike with all to tie thus presented—a 
feeling which 1 deem peculiar only to those 
who love to do good rattier than to acquire 
the riches of earth; and it is only by 
again and again urging upon them the idea 
that the people will derive more of good 
from them and their works, their writings 
and examples, when they themselves are 
made fully known to the world at large, that 
I am enabled to overcome the innate mod¬ 
esty which is, I believe, to be found bound 
up only in the true Horticulturist. 
Robert Buchanan is, by those who know 
him personally, one of the most unassuming 
yet ever energetic and enthusiastic of nature’s 
creation ; and his good works are told daily 
In the mouths of every old settler of Ohio; 
so much so, that to them a word of him by 
the present writer is as nothing—but to the 
three hundred thousand readers of the 
Ritual New-Yorker liis record is known 
only by his occasional writings and by liis 
published works on the Grape and Straw¬ 
berry. 
Robert Buchanan is of Scotch-Irish par¬ 
entage. He was born in Western Pennsyl¬ 
vania, January 15, 1797. He received his 
early education, as it were, in a wilderness, 
traveling two miles daily to a country school. 
In 1808, Ids father removed to Meadville, 
where Robert was at once put. to school, 
and in 1810 selected for teacher in the Mead¬ 
ville academy, then an institution of no little 
note. His father dying in the course of the 
year, Robert was sent by his guardian to 
work his way in a store at Pittsburgh, where 
Ids mercantile education, which has made 
him a prominent, merchant, as well us horti¬ 
culturist, was gained. 
It is now about forty-seven years since his 
first establishment; of a garden in the city 
of Cincinnati, wherein he commenced the 
growth and testing of the grape; hut it is 
only since 1843 that we look on liis works 
performed on a larger scale; when, having 
removed to a farm some miles out of the 
city, lie entered vigorously into the culture 
of the grape and strawberry. It was in 
February of 1843 that the Cincinnati Horti¬ 
cultural Society was organized at his house 
and he made its first President; and it was 
in 1844, only a year thereafter, that., through 
liis, with ot hers’, exertions, the Spring Grove 
Cemetery Association was formed and he 
made President., which office he has contin¬ 
ued to, and does now, hold. 
A paragraph here may not be amiss, as 
stating that this Spring Grove Cemetery em¬ 
braces an area of four hundred and fifty- 
three acres; lias $100,000 on interest, and in 
its arrangement, its freedom from any wall- 
like, monumental ornaments; its abandon¬ 
ment of boundary lines defining lots, by rails 
or hedges; its broad carriage-ways and ge¬ 
nial atmosphere of rest are features in which 
it has no equal in this or any other country. 
it was at the house of Mr, Buchanan that 
the AVine Growers’ Association was formed 
in 1850; and the same year his work on the 
Grape and Strawberry, addressed to the Cin¬ 
cinnati Horticultural Society, appeared, al¬ 
lhough ihe publishers were unwilling to is¬ 
sue it without Mr. Buchanan gave a guar¬ 
antee to save them any loss. The result was 
a sale of over 8,000 copies, and, of course, a 
profit to the publishers. 
It is a safe conclusion that, to Mr. Buchan¬ 
an, the stimulus of grape growing in South¬ 
ern Ohio is measurably to be accredited; for 
his record, repeatedly published, of his ac- 
f As r a*writer, our 
outer horticulturists 
and pomologists re¬ 
member with pleas¬ 
ure the many articles 
that have come from 
liis pen; and while 
we regret liis present 
comparative with¬ 
drawal, each and all 
of us will read again 
and again his writ¬ 
ings with, avidity, and 
with a knowledge 
that, nothing, know¬ 
ingly, of error, ever 
will appear over his 
signature. 
Early Cal vex. 
A correspondent of the Country Gen¬ 
tleman says:—“There is a good deal more 
depending on an early start than is generally 
supposed; yet, every tanner who has raised 
stock must be a,ware of the advantages at¬ 
tached to a eatf or a coll, horn in March or 
April, over one not coming into existence 
till June. The early young animals become 
strong against their first winter, and go 
through the cold spells without, the check 
those that are younger or tenderer receive, 
and having gained a good clear start, they 
will never lose it, and it is the same with 
lambs, pigs and young poultry. How atten¬ 
tive to this matter shouId those he who pos¬ 
sess highly bred stock, for if it is worth con¬ 
sideration with good common stock, it must, 
be of immense importance to those who 
breed animals coming to be worth as many 
thousands as the average grades are hun¬ 
dreds. In .England the winters are very 
much milder than in the Northern States; 
yet, this is seriously studied with every vari¬ 
ety of live stock, for the first winter is the 
most critical period of agricultural animals' 
existence, and when the young stock is 
brought to grass at about fourteen months 
old, plump and fat as they can be, to he per¬ 
fectly healthy and growing, there is an end 
to all anxiety concerning them.” 
l.ivo Wcitflu of A oinulls* 
The amount of meat obtained from a do¬ 
mestic animal sold by its live weight is quite 
variable. From the statistics derived from 
the public slaughter houses of Paris and 
Brussels, it appears that certain animals 
yield as much as seventy per cent, of meat, 
white others give only fifty per cent. The 
mean weight of meat produced is calculated 
at fifty-eight per cent, of the live weight in 
beef cattle. In the case of sheep the pro¬ 
portion is from forty to fifty tier cent. U 
appears that the different products from 
oxen and sheep are as follows: — An ox of 
the live weight of 1,332 pounds, yields— 
meat, 771.4 pounds; skin, 110.2 ; grease, 87 ; 
blood, 55.1; feet and hoofs, 22; head. It; 
tongue, 0.00; lungs and heart, 15.33; liver 
and spleen, 20.05 ; intestines, 66.15 ; loss and 
evaporation, 154.352, making the total of 
1,332 pounds. The product from a sheep 
weighing 110.2 pounds is as follows —Meat, 
55.1 pounds; skin, 7.714; grease, 5.51; 
head, 4.408; feet and hoots, 2.204; blood, 
4.408; tongue, lungs, heart, liver and spleen, 
4.408; intestines, 6.012; loss and evapora¬ 
tion, 19.730—making the total o fi 10.2 bis. 
KIT CARSON 
•. i 
a 
REvans Agt 
