fjnbastrial (Topics. 
MAINE CORRESPONDENCE. 
Maim- Hinfe Afirrlculturnl College-Letter 
from X. A. Willard. 
My course of lectures on Dairy Farming 
at the State College closes to-day. I have 
now been here nearly two weeks, a portion 
of the time giving two lectures a day. The 
College buildings are very pleasantly situ¬ 
ated on a branch of the Penobscot, about 
midway between the villages of Orono and 
Stillwater. These villages are some two 
system. But the more important advantage 
of this system Is the practical education 
which is thus obtained. This must prove in¬ 
valuable to these young men in after life, 
since they acquire, with their practical 
knowledge, habits of industry, one of the 
most useful things, it would seem, that the 
young can learn. 
I was much pleased with the orderly and 
gentlemanly hearing of the students, and it 
is evident President Fernald and Prof. 
Peckuam have inaugurated a system which 
seeks to bring out the true gentleman, as well 
as the scholar and practical man. 
will take counsel with two German chemists 
of high authority, Wolff and Knopf, who 
made an analysis about 1865, w ith all the 
improved methods. They make green corn 
(end of Aug.) to contain 16.7 per cent, of or¬ 
ganic matter. Their analysis (calculated 
without water) is 
Albuminoids or flesh formers. 6-20 
Carbohydrates or heat and fat producers.. 01.34 
Crude w»ody fiber... 26.36 
Ash... 6 
^ Where to Place Surplus Boxes. 
tft II P A tlT'tpf "TIT “A Bee Keeper, Concord, Ohio,” may place 
H t ^ * ills surplus boxes at the side of liis hives, 
^ ____ but will find it absolutely essential that they 
_ TT10 stand next the combs. The bees will do 
ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES. ver y p^le a t the side if obliged to go 
About viruin~Queens. through a partition. My new hive above 
Amos Jones, in Rural New-Yorker, alluded to, is arranged to accommodate 
ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES. 
About Vlraln Queens. 
July 16, asks “if a virgin queen will fly ear¬ 
lier from a hive full of bees than from a nu¬ 
cleus?’’ My experience has been that they 
will fly sooner from the nucleus. I have 
known them to come out as early as the fifth 
miles apart, each situated on the river, and w i,icl» puts the College in funds for the 
seeks to bring out the true gentleman, as well This analysis makes green corn even more Known mem to come out as carry as 
as the scholar and practical man. valuable than that of Salisbury, and ought, day; hot the ordinary time is fiom six to 
The difficulties between the State and the certainly, to settle the question, whether it eight days. I have known them to be kept 
town of Orono are now happily adjusted, is “ crude and unnutritioils." But Professor back by unfavorable circumstances, for six- 
at eaeli plaee there are extensive mills for 
The Manufacture of Lumber. 
One cun have but little idea of the vast 
scale on which lumbering is carried for¬ 
ward on the Penobscot until lie lias seen the 
immense mass of moving logs, many miles 
in length, which is constantly floating down 
the stream. 
At Orono and in its immediate vicinity 
there arc seven mills. One of these—the 
“ Basin Mills”—is said to be the largest es¬ 
tablishment of the kind in the world. It 
employs two hundred bauds and manufac¬ 
tures 25,000,000 feet of boards and dimen¬ 
sions, five millions thousands of shingles 
one million clapboards, and 300,000 staves 
for fish barrels per year, or during the work¬ 
ing season of seven months. In addition to 
this, lath is turned off at the rate of 100,000 
a day. 
It requires an annual supply of twenty- 
four millions of logs to feed this monster 
establishment. Some of the logs are floated 
a hundred ami fifty miles before they reach 
the mills. Lumber is worth at the mills as 
follows; —Pine, $16 to $60; Spruce, $14 to 
$24 per thousand feet; lath, $1.75 to $2; 
cedar shingles, $2.25 to $4.75; spruce 
shingles, $2 to $2.50; clap boards, $14 to 
$24 and $30 per thousand in the rough. 
The College Farm 
contains about three hundred and seventy- 
five acres, nearly half of which is in wood¬ 
lands. The soil varies from a sandy loam to a 
rather heavy clay, while on some parts of the 
pros- Lorixo particularly recommends, in lieu of teen days. Some writers say they will fly 
unent green corn, Hungarian grass, or millet, out in two or three days, but one such an- 
« • • 1 .1 . I TJrr.nrfT r I)ij/\o ovivlnino a ti. ic 1 \\r 
ecution of it» buildings and the improvement green corn, Hungarian grass, or mulct, 
of its grounds, &c. Professors In various do- Tins is an excellent green fodder where it 
purtments will be secured at once, and with can be grown to perfection; but it does not 
such earnest men as Mr. Goodalk, Mr. Oak, 
Mr. Pehley, and others who compose the 
Board of Trustees, the Maine State Agricul¬ 
tural College must prove a success. 
Orono, Me., July, 1870. X. A. W. 
•itlh (frops. 
flourish on heavy soils as well ns corn. Let 
us see whether it deserves the high praise of 
Prof. L. as compared with corn. Hunga¬ 
rian millet in blossom, as analysed by 
Wolff, contains 32 per cent, of organic 
matter, and when calculated without water, 
is composed of albuminoids, or flesh formers, 
15.95; carbohydrates, or heat, and fat pro- 
thority— Bidwell Bros. —explained this by 
saying that they were kept, in the cells two 
or three days after they were mature, when 
an after-swarm was about, to issue. They 
will usually commence laying in about two 
days after, although they will sometimes de¬ 
lay three weeks or more. 
Do Bees Gather or Mnkc Honey? 
boxes at both top and sides. At present we 
can put ofl thirty-two, though twenty-eight 
is the number I designed to use. sixteen at 
the side and twelve at the top, all in imme¬ 
diate proximity to the combs. Experience 
shows that the more ample the communica¬ 
tion between the center of the hive and 
boxes, and between the boxes themselves, 
the more freely and uniformly the bees will 
work in them. M. Quinby. 
St. John vllle, N. Y. 
lorsnmtn. 
GRAY’S HORSE SHOES. 
We have transferred from a Scotch paper 
Mr. Benson asks “ if bees gather or make tbe accompanying engravings of horse shoes, 
honey from flowers?” I am decidedly of English patent. Whether they are pat- 
. . . . . .i _ii ... •*_gl U ® 1 , i 
PRACTICE vs. THEORY —CORN 
FODDER, &c. 
Will anything in agricultural practice 
ever be settled? Are we certain, even, that 
the grasses or Hie cereal grains are whole¬ 
some food for animals? We are led to these 
queries by reading the report of Professor 
Lorino’h address before the students of Cor¬ 
nell University. The Professor’s address 
was a pointed statement of the true needs of 
Agriculture and the paths of its advance¬ 
ment. lie clearly sees the necessity of es¬ 
tablishing a system “ with definite rules, by 
which every man can be guided under any 
sky and in nil seasons.” Bm when be comes 
to speak of agricultural practice and the di¬ 
versity of views, in certain cases, he evi¬ 
dently leans to inferences drawn in isolated 
instances, and partial experiments against, 
general practice and results upon the same 
points. 
ducers, 43.74; crude fiber, <M.oo; ash, 6.96. tUc opinion Umt, they gather it and deposit it, ented in t ,, ia count ry or not we do not know. 
This analysis shows it to bo richer in flesh- j n t| ie ]j| V e, without any modification what- The Edinburgh Fanner says that an Ed in¬ 
forming food, but much inferior in heat and ev(1J . Tliere arc few things we can say we burgb pro p,i t .tor of a large livery esUbiish- 
fat-prodneing nutriment. It might lie sup- ar6 no i 80 - but it, seems tome to be me nt tried a pair of the heavier shoes upon 
posed better food for a cheese than a butter p)0 ]atc in lbe day f or an y one to maintain tbc f oro f cc t u f a cab horse; that they lasted 
dairy. that honey is manufactured by the bees. As dvo wce ks, although only half the weight 
But why should the Professor esteem p tJicir making honey from molasses, 1 will 0 f those in ordinary use, which only last 
This analysis shows it to ho richer in flesh- 
forming food, but much inferior in Heat, and 
fat-producing nutriment. It might be sup¬ 
posed better food for a cheese than a butter 
dairy. 
But why should the Professor esteem 
green com “crude and unnulritious?” Is 
it. because unripe? Then pasture grasses 
must be “ crude and unnutritious,” as they 
are eaten in a still less matured state. Green 
corn possesses a very large proportion of 
water, and Is, therefore, better for being par- 
tin lly cured before feeding. 
But the Professor warmly defends the use 
not say 1 know they never will, but I do know 
1 never could induce them to use a particle 
of it, and 1 have tried numerous experiments 
with it. 
The foundation for the belief that they 
ever use it, probably lies in the fact that the 
bees will gather the sugar settled in the bot¬ 
tom of molasses casks, but observation will 
about three weeks. Besides, the shoes are 
much safer, horses not. being so liable to 
slip and fall, ns with the common make. A 
pair of the lighter shoes, tested in the same 
way, were put upon a “ groggy ” horse, and 
it, was found that the animal went a great 
of turnips and beets as food for cows aud 8bow that it is only the sugar. I nevercould 
other stock, and in this we heartily agree c j e tcct them carrying oil - one drop of liquid 
with him; yet the turnip lias but 10.2 per mo inHScs. 
cent, of nutritive matter, being 89.8 water. Likewise, I have satisfied myself that bees tlffl IWjj ^ll\ iijSJ 
If we calculate this without water it will be se ldom visit more than one kind of blossom Vflak /££#/ ^V, jjjjj 
albuminoids or flesh formers 7.84; carboby- during one excursion; have known excep- «§?Jy vQw /tfo' 
drates or heat and fat producers 58.80; dons. There is no evidence, however, that, 
woody fiber 24.54; ash 8.82, showing the a s is maintained by some, they are particular deal better than before. These, however, 
turnip to differ very little from green corn; u | jonl storing eaeli kind of honey by itself in were not likely to last so long, ns they were 
besides, as the turnip is a bi-ennial plant, it j,| ve< One may discover cells of clover pretty well worn in the course of a fortnight. 
deal better than before. These, however, 
r II i „ f|!|..,,„. n „ n a , ■ .. , , „ , . UKSKIl#, IIS IUK limn J 13 » ui-iuiimi Ule JHV0. UI1U niliy UW.UVUI uciia ui IISW| mini III UWW...-VV. .o 
lam, a gravelly loam pimito. JMm _areot He soys,-- Lour ami careful mvfflliga- matured at the cud of the .IbcUiml by Imclmheat, which U About the superiority of these shoes over 
present oul, u "?“ "»» »»<**«< *■» *"« “» f (tot year than green corn as usually fed, and “.he pure c ,„ ve r or buck,cheat. tbs common make the livery proprietor does 
plow and In a e following crops; poUloe., green corn »t*lks, commonly known as tod- Ul( . rc >„ re mnsth c quite as" crude ami unnu- not entertain the slightest doubt, 
four and a Hall acres; bailey, six acres, der corn, and generally fed to dairy cows j. „ ag Tbe beet is the saraC( L B These 8 ,, oos _ of which the illustrations 
mangels and Swedes, two acres; the gar- during a few dry weeks in summer, is not ftnd g0 pf aU raiscd usua u y for Erastus Major wants to know of the ^ ^ c)iarocter and gty i H _ arc made of 
den, nurseries, &c., occupying the balance of only useless, so far as the dairy is concerned, ' utility of lining hives with flannel or similai , stc . e i.f aftcd bars * and it is claimed 
the land uudev tillage. Grass is the main but is injurious to the heailli of tlie animal. ' substances. Also says lie always washes Ins fa u ‘ ’ . riini i !ie on lhe 
crop, the meadows and pastures occupying Accurate examination of the fodder itself— 1[ ^ f l’ 1,,s " o n in Poetical agiicultme hjveg wiUl H!lIl and water, for no other rca- . , ,, ot )(J( ,„iil si.,opening 
about eighty acres each. The stock consists a «rude, indigestible, unnulritious substance ought to be consulted as sc L > L son except that his father did so. I am glad . . , t] a , thev do not shake and 
of thirteen cows and seven head of young _ wou ,i S hovv any one, it would seem, that Profitable use of green corn a a summer ^ he bcgill8 lo question the utility of it p f o e 
stock; one thorough-bred Short-Horn cow tUe « Iiment is against its use,even did not foot tor ®'f t:,nv8 ’ ls , so f lllc(l l ! . l ’T and the wisdom of blindly following such 1 {0 pre . 
with calf by her side, and two thorough-bred the anLals themselves tell their own story, sHtids of ^ b 7Lr .-Lo ,rce anclent CU8toraB * 1 liave kept bees lorly vent concussion ” Wo give these illustra- 
bulls—Short-Horn and Alderney. bo th in their condition and at, the milk-pail.” >’<»«* B «ll find it then- best resource ^ and have never bad occasion to wash t0 ^ our Ame can 
Mr. Johnson, the very efficient superin- Tlils i# certalnly expressing a very de- ”T T'Zr*Zu^’ a h5ve wilh C,ea “‘ well : mftd s e L 
tendeut of the College Farm, is not pleased c j de a opinion against a practice supposed to m be ci , ed wbere grcen coro luv< ' s are sufficient, as far as prepaiation is -—-- 
with the Short-Horns now on the place, as bo beneficial by nineteen out of twenty , ' , , ’ , , , t • bl 0 r butter concerncd - , TO TEACH A HORSE TO BACK, 
they prow b> he Inferior for milk. Thvre i» lWrvllll , n „ a vi U e experietme i„ fmlin* I „ C v« heard of lining them with 10 XlhAWi *_««_» 
a small llouk of coarse would, sheep with gIw .„ cornribdder. It would have been A f' ... I,.7, It appeara to mo that it would bo useful m ImiA give W. G„ page 410 or Vbl. XXI, 
Cotswold buck kept upon the premises, well had he mentioned the particular “ long am . p ‘ . a . ® , j .■ In the same way that woolen clothing is ben- R ray 0 f liglit, by telling him “how to teach 
These, with some fine Cheater White swine, au d careful investigations” which had “ sat- 'tgriculumil jo , , ' rp , eficial in winter, to retain heat and allow b is horse to back up." Takeapieceofone- 
and the working horses, comprise the stock. isfled many mcn> » vye have never seen clovei in _ lue P llH lo ° ‘ ‘ moisture to pass off. Straw hives are desira- i, a lf incli rope, about eight feet long, and 
TUe Coiivite Bulldtnsm one worthy to be called such. Partial ex- .h'j'L'fe/zToTic'thus easily dis- ble on same Principle. fasten one end around the pastern oi the 
stand upon elevated ground fronting the periments have been mentioned before the b of l , tba leftrned Professor. We Vcmiimina HiveH. right foot that is, Just above the eomnet n 
river. The brick building is forty by fifty New York Farmer’s Club which sonic sup- inlend ' d to nole Uis erroneous teach- He also inquires for the best method of the hoof; then pass the othei end ov i In. 
feet, two stories, with L thirty-four by fifty posed to sustain such an inference. But let u . (q ^ d r t , r injuring milch cows ventilating hives. I will not undertake to back, just behind bis witlicis; then haw . 
feel fin* working laboratory - this latter us look at that, branch of his argument in bytlie u8e 0 f oi i<ake, corn meal, &c., but determine the best mode. When I used the little down on tlie rope, andat tlwwn 
liein^ in process ot* erection. wliicli lie chills it u crude, indigestible, uu ' must defer it. ’ E. W. Stewart. simple movable comb hive I preferred the time tell him " Back up mui gr»ouaj 
the land uudev tillage. Grass is the mum 
crop, the meadows and pastures occupying 
about eighty acres each. The stock consists 
of thirteen cows and seven head of young 
stock; one thorough-bred Short-IIorn cow 
with calf by her side, and two thorough-bred 
bulls—Slion-Horn aud Alderney. 
Mr. Johnson, the very efficient superin¬ 
tendent of the College Farm, is not, pleased 
with the Short-Horne now on the place, as 
they prove to he inferior for milk. There is 
a small flock of coarse woolen sheep with 
Cotswold buck kept upon the premises. 
These, with some fine Cheater VV Lite swine, 
and the working horses, comprise the stock. 
TllC ColIVKt! BuiltllllKS 
stand upon elevated ground fronting the 
river. The brick building is forty by fifty 
feet, two stories, with L thirty-four by fifty 
feet for working laboratory — this latter 
being in process of erection. 
The dormitory building is of wood, three 
stories, and contains eighteen large and well 
ventilated rooms. 
Another dormitory building is lobe erect¬ 
ed this year, eighty by forty feet, three sto¬ 
ries, with French roof, having forty-six 
hut is injurious to the health of the animal. 
Accurate examination of the fodder itself— 
a crude, indigestible, nnmitritlous substance 
—would show any one, it would seem, that 
the argument is against its use, even did not 
the animals themselves tell their own story, 
both in their condition and at the milk-pail." 
Tlds is certainly expressing a very de¬ 
cided opinion against a practice supposed to 
be beneficial by nineteen out of twenty 
dairymen having experience in feeding 
green corn-fodder. IL would have been 
well had he mentioned the particular “ long 
and careful invest [gallons ” which had “ sat¬ 
isfied many men,” We have never seen 
one worthy to be called such. Partial ex¬ 
periments have been mentioned before the 
New York Farmer’s Club which some sup¬ 
posed to sustain such an inference. But, let 
us look at that branch of bis argument in 
which he calls it a “ crude, indigestible, un- 
nut ritious substance." 
J, H. Salisbury, of this State, made tbe 
most thorough examination, chemically, of 
the Indian corn plant, hi all its stages, from 
six inches high to maturity, that has ever 
been made by any chemist.. Thcso separate 
first year than green corn as usually fed, and neither pure clover or buckwheat, 
therefore must he quite as “ crude and unnu- Linimt Hives. 
Iritlous” as corn. Tbe beet is lhe same Major wants to know of the 
ami so of all roottr. raised usually for (lUlilJr of linillg uire8 „. iUl or similar 
ltje ' mg ' , substances. Also says be always washes his 
H any question in practical agnenltme b jy e g -with salt and water, for no other rca- 
ought to be considered as settled, then the gQn except thal bjs latlier did so. I am glad 
profitable use of green corn, as a summer lbftt b0 be g b)8 l0 question the utility of it 
food for n.llcli emvs, is so settled. If thou- ftnd |he wiadom ot - mindly following such 
sands of dairymen, who liave used it for , mcient CU8tom9> I have kept bees forty 
years aud still find it tlieir best resource, y Car8> aild have never 1 1 ad occasion to wash 
when pastures are short, have not settled it * a bive with anything ; Clean, well-made 
—then it never will be settled. Hundreds b j ye8 are su flfej e nt, as far as preparation is 
of instances may be cited where green corn conCerned 
has produced tbe highest yield of butter. j nem . Ueard 0 f n n i n g them with flannel. 
A few weeks ago an apparently accurate u ftppears to in0 lhat it WO nld be useful in 
and painstaking experiment given in an tbosame way that woolen clothing is ben- 
agricultural journal, showed it superior to iu wi|)ter> to retain heat and allow 
clover in llie production of butter. This raoi sturfi to pass off. Straw hives are desira- 
queation is quite too important m large d.s- Ue pn lhe S!une princip i e . 
tricks of tbe dairy belt to be thus easily dis- 
. „ , . i n.W j, Ventllntlna Hives. 
groove<l steel-faccd bars; and it is claimed 
for them that “ they prevent slipping on tbe 
streets ; that, they do not require sharpening 
in winter, ami that they do not shake and 
heat the horses’ legs and feet like other 
shoes, the teeth acting as a spring to pre¬ 
vent, concussion.” We give these illustra¬ 
tions as a hint to some of our American 
horse shoe manufacturers. 
—- - - ♦♦♦ - 
TO TEACH A HORSE TO BACK. 
I -will giveW. G., page 410 of Vol. XXI., 
a ray of light, by telling him “ bow to teach 
his horse to back up.” Take a piece of oiie- 
lmlf inch rope, about eight feet long, and 
fasten one end around the pastern of the 
i right foot, that is, just above the coronet of 
.« 1 I 
He also inquires for the best method of the lioof; then pass the other end over his 
ventilating hives. I will not undertake to 
FIELD NOTES. 
SiiKnv Bed vi*. Man#el. 
A correspondent of the Agricultural 
Gazette says that, as a rule, the sugar beet 
determine the best mode. When I used the 
simple movable comb hive 1 preferred the 
straw hive, with a straw mat on top, for 
wintering out of doors, for tlie reasons just 
alluded to. In the cellar I allowed the air 
back, just behind Ills withers; then draw a 
little down on the rope, and at the same 
time tell him, “Back up,” and gradually 
give- him his foot by slackening tlie rope. 
When his foot reaches the ground or floor, it 
will be about eighteen inches in the rear of 
to pass in at the bottom and out at the top of the other, and he will very naturally step the 
the hives. In my new hive, which I now other back in order to liave them in an easy 
use —especially designed to prevent swarm- position. If he gratifies your Wish by bads.- 
. .VJ«, * . vwvw .. ...O - J - .7 V ..* - - - 1 - UtliflUtliC DUJD UUH| H-’* MVVV VU F VV *- J -O- , • ,, . . J|j . * . - J! 11/1 P‘l- 
rooms, for students, ami a suit of rooms for analyses of root and stalk, and leaf and doe8 not grow as large as the mangel, and mg and secure the largest amount, of surplus mg u l>, 10 i "renVvv the experiment 
the accommodation of one of the professors tassel, and silk and husk and ear, clearly therefore to ensure the same weight per acre honey— ventilation is provided for by an ”y ay ^5 n g* him, b y patting* and fbnd- 
and his family. showed that the whole plant, previous to n iore must be grown. To make this plain, opening in the bottom board, covered with ii ngt ‘ w ken lie him done right, if lie has tlie 
The boarding house Is also in process of earing, is accumulating tlie materials with he presumes that in an ordinary crop of large wire cloth, aud also one on each of two sides ordinary intelligence possessed by horses, lie 
showed that the whole plant, previous to 
The boarding house is also In process of earing, is accumulating tlie materials with 
erection adequate to the accommodation of which to perfect the grain. This is the 
one hundred and fifty students. grand aim of nature—the perfection of the 
It is designed, also, to erect a workshop, seed. Just before the formation of the car 
where mechanical operations, both in wood —the best time for feeding it—the general 
and iron may He carried on by students who average of these analyses, (calculated witli- 
flesire a practical education in Mechanics. out water) show this green corn to con- 
Lnbor of Studeutn. tain of 
Tlie students are required to labor three sugar and extract . 35.00 
hours each day for five days in tlie week as Matter obtained from fiber by a weak so- 
an educational exercise, and they receive lution of potash. 12.00 
pay at the rate of eight cents an hour. Albumen atl | case i„. 7 .«6 
When extra work is done, or work over this woody fiber. 39.00 
time, the student gets full pay, or the same —— 
ns hands employed on tlie farm. In haying, loo.oo 
for instance, this present year, they are al- It is from this sugar of the stalk that the 
loweil seventy-five cents for five hours’work, starch ot the kernel is formed, and conse- 
Tbe regular working hours come in the quently, after the perfection oi seed, tlie tod- 
afternoon, commencing Immediately after d er is °f comparatively little value, The 
dinner. The recitations commence in the plant, at this period, possesses all tlie mate 
morning, at 8 A. M. rials necessary to tlie perfection of lhe grain. 
So far as I could see, this labor system Mr- Salisbury says:—“The plant, during 
proves to be a success. - The young men tbe tasseling, owing to the very large per- 
seem to be in vigorous health, and as all are centage of sugar and extract, with the res- 
required to work, they enter upon it cheer- pectable quantity of albuminous matter and 
fully, and wilh an apparent feeling of enjoy- dextrine, which the stalk, leaves and sheaths 
ment. From what I could sec aud learn, contain, must afford a very palatable as well 
the student here makes quite as rapid pro- as nutritious fodder.” 
grass in his studies ns under tlie old system, This, certainly, does not look as if green 
where work is not required, while the differ- corn was a “crude, indigestible, unnutri- 
ence in the health and physical stamina of tious substance,” as Prof. L. informs the 
tlie student is plainly in favor of the labor young aspirants after knowledge. But we 
It is from this sugar of the stalk that the 
starch of the kernel is formed, and conse¬ 
quently, after the perfection of seed, tlie fod¬ 
der is of comparatively little value. The 
plant, at this period, possesses all tlie mate¬ 
rial* necessary to the perfection of the grain. 
Mr. Salisbury says;—“ The plant, during 
the toweling, owing to the very large per¬ 
centage of sugar and extract, with the res¬ 
pectable quantity of albuminous matter and 
dextrine, which the stalk, leaves and sheaths 
contain, must afford a very palatable as well 
as nutritious fodder." 
Tills, certainly, does not. look as if green 
corn was a “ crude, indigestible, unnutri¬ 
tious substance,” as Prof. L. informs the 
young aspirants after knowledge. But we 
more must be grown. To make this plain, 
he presumes t hat in an ordinary crop of large 
mangel there will be from sixty to eighty 
roots to the perch. Now, in sugar beets 
tliere should be about two hundred roots to 
tlie same urea. This increase of the indivi¬ 
dual roots will compensate for their light¬ 
ness, and the gross yield of the sugar beet 
will probably be ns great as that of the mangel. 
Already they are running each other pretty 
close in the Lavenlium district. The heavi¬ 
est crop of sugar beet this year weighed in 
the gross thirty-one tous, per acre. The 
best crop of mangels weighed one ton less, 
or thirty tons pur acre. Weighed without 
tops the mangels reached twenty-four tons 
per acre, and the sugar beets twenty-one and 
a halt tons. The number of mangels per 
perch was oue hundred; of sugar beets, two 
hundred. 
Plnster on Turnips. 
M. Gurvey writes“ Please inform me 
tbe best way to apply plaster to a turnip 
crop.” We have never made such applica¬ 
tion, and know little of its practical effect. 
But if we wore going to experiment, should, 
if the turnips are planted in rows, apply a 
small quantity—say a tablespoonful to each 
plant—throwing it about the base of the 
plant. If the crop was broadcasted, we 
should sow the plaster broadcast, at the rate 
of a bushel per acre 
opening iu tlie oottom ooarct, coveieu an mi 
wire cloth, and also one on each of two sides 
at the top, which can all be closed or opened can be taught in half an hour, 
at will, and the wire cloth removed aud You are always to be at the left side, of 
cleaned at any time. These are most needed course, when teaching him. It your horse 
; ,, , , , „ „„ is young, and has no vicious qualities, you 
in very cold and very hot weathei. have no difficulty in teaching him thrnly. 
Form ot iiouey Boxes. Provided lie is old and refractory, and obsti- 
Mrs S F. R inquires concerning tlie best SjetolooillJ'IliIimsi/iSel 
form ot boxes in which to send honey to iQj,,r put this in his mouth, having tt around 
market. After a large experience in selling thc'lower jaw, and puss the other end over 
box honey, I have adopted a box with top, his nock, nearly back to the shoulders, and 
bottom and light corner nosts of wood, and bring it through the loop at the side ot the 
ri, four sides} of glass. The size I use most S&* [^"5 
will hold from four to five pounds. 1 have and on Then to teach him Hint you belong 
used some narrow ones, holding only one to the “ stronger sex,” and are, consequently, 
comb. These boxes can be packed securely entitled to be" “ ninsier,” stop to one side, a 
in cases holding about fifty pounds each, the little back, and at the same time say, Come 
sides being made of narrow strips of board 
or lath, that the glass and honey may be Tben 8tep t0 t | 10 other side and go 
readily seen. Pack tlie boxes so that the through the same ceremonious performance, 
combs will go lengthwise the case. These never forgetting to pat and fondle him when 
can be transported safely a long distance, he does right. 
In a forthcoming article I propose to give To teach him to “ hack up,” jerk the, iope 
my views concerning the advantage of ex- direeid>y b ^ rd l ® y()U) p i a <!e 
trading honey from the combs, and my ex- bbn c j 08t , l0 a building and try again, 
perience therein. lfW. G., or any one else, can derive any 
Distance Bees Travel. benefit from the above remarks, his objects, 
I agree with Pettigrew concerning the hoZ 
distance a bee should travel for honey, i „ bapk » j ni0sl sincerely advise him not 
do not think they often go farther than two t0 get back up, but to inquire again 
miles, and certainly it. is to onr interest that through the Rural. ^ G. rt. d. 
their journeys should be as short as possible. Merrimac Co., N. H., July, 1870. 
