H. S. RANDALL, I,L. D., EDITOR, 
Op Coiiti.axd Vim.aoe, Corti.and Cocvty, N«p York. 
WOOLEN STATISTICS. 
We were favored, some weeks siuce, by 
Hon. D. J. Morrell, Chairman of the 
Committee on Manufactures, in the House 
of Representatives, with the report of that 
Committee. The report presents the fol¬ 
lowing interesting Statistics of the progress 
of woolen industry in the United States: 
Woolen DIniiufnotorW“». 
Since the acts of 1862, 1864 and 1867, the 
woolen manufacture has been greatly ex¬ 
tended. There is no branch of it, except 
that of fine broadcloths, in which entire 
success has not been attained, and the im¬ 
mense supply required in the country is 
almost wholly provided at home. Of the 
“cloths and cassimeres” imported, reaching 
about six million dollars in value yearly, 
newly all is broadcloth. Imported “ shawls ” 
reach less than two million dollars in value; 
“ carpets,” about four million; and “ dress 
goods,” chiefly of worsted, and worsted 
with cotton or silk, go to the large sum of 
fifteen million dollars in value. 
On cloths and cassimeres of wool there 
are now more than three hundred factories 
engaged, the new departments being the 
cloakings, beavers, coatings, and the fine 
“ French ” cassimeres, &c. ; the other 
branches being longer established. Through¬ 
out the West a more rapid increase in the 
number of mills of this class is observed 
than in New England. 
On shawls there are about twenty-five 
factories engaged; the production is com¬ 
paratively new, and completely supplies the 
market. 
On flannels there are fully thirty factories 
engaged, supplying four-fifths of the demand. 
On blankets there arc about forty-five 
mills engaged, and the market is almost 
wholly supplied by them. 
On hosiery and knit goods there arc about 
a hundred and fifty mills engaged, almost 
wholly supplying the market. Some de¬ 
partments of this manufacture are new since 
1867, and a large share since 1864. 
On carpets there are nearly one hundred 
mills and other establishments engaged,— 
nearly one-half being yet woven by hand- 
looms. The production is lull upon in¬ 
grains and the lower grades, completely 
supplying the market, but of Brussels and 
the finer carpets four-fifths arc imported. 
The new manufacture is of these finer kinds, 
and also of felts and druggets, a number of 
lurge establishments having recently been 
devoted to making the last named goods. 
On balmorals, kerseys, and various mixed 
manufactures, the recent increase has been 
very rapid, balmorals being newly and 
wholly made In the United States, twenty 
or thirty large mills being engaged upon 
them. 
Worsted manufactures have especially 
attained rapid development under the pres¬ 
ent tariff; first, worsted yarns, on which ten 
or twelve mills are engaged ; second, worsted 
reps, terry, and like goods, on which live or 
six mills have started with great success; 
third, worsted dress-goods, as mohairs, mo¬ 
hair lustres, mohair poplins, &c., on which 
one very large mill at Philadelphia, with two 
or three in other places, have begun within 
a year past. The great New England mills 
at Lawrence, Lowell, and Manchester, have 
been making worsted dress goods since 1864. 
Hiinimary of Hie Growth of Woolen 
Muuufticture. 
The extent of the present possession of the 
market for fine woolens of every other des¬ 
cription than what are distinctively known 
as dress broadcloths, is host illustrated by a 
list of nearly three hundred factories, which, 
but for its length, we would give in full; re¬ 
presented in the New York market alone, 
all engaged on cassimeres, coatings, beavers, 
tweeds, repellunts, ladies’ cloakings, and 
other like fine goods, all wool or cotton 
warp, and which were, until recently, nearly 
all imported. The distinctively fine goods 
are almost all the growth under the tariffs 
since 1861, and the market of the United 
States, now grown to three times the mea¬ 
sure of 1860, is held by this domestic pro¬ 
duction so nearly exclusively that the pro¬ 
portion of foreign goods entering into it is 
scarcely distinguishable. 
the three hundred mills so reported arc, 
of course, not all; at least fifty more would 
lie represented exclusively in other markets 
of sale than New York; but taking, for three 
hundred only, an average yearly product of 
two hundred thousand dollars in value of 
goods, the total is sixty million dollars; and 
of this, one-half, or thirty million dollars, is 
the growth since 1864, with a continued 
gain, although under adverse conditions of 
the general markets, since the act of March 
2, 1867. 
In the line of finer manufactures of wool 
and worsted, the progress is more recent and 
cot yet so complete; but there is evidence 
abundant that two or three years more will 
develop this branch equally with the heavier 
woolens. The hold of the ten or twelve 
great establishments on the trade in mohairs, 
worsted stuffs, and other light goods, usually 
described as dress goods, is strong already. 
As an evidence of the fact, the United States 
consul at Bradford, England, the seat of tin) 
manufacture of this class of goods in Eng¬ 
land for the American market, reports the 
decline in exporting such goods for two 
months of 1869 and 1870 as follows: 
Februiiry, 1803-£254.003 
“ 1870. 192.968 
March, 1800.£283,728 
• 1670. 184,815 
Decrease.,....£61,135 Decrease.£18,008 
For the first time in the history of the 
trade, the market is really supplied with a 
domestic production of mohairs, alpacas, 
Italian cloths, <feci; delaines having been 
abundant for some years previously. 
We assume, therefore, that the tariff on 
woolens is effective and valuable, as it was 
designed to be, in developing at home the 
enormous industry that must be engaged in 
the manufacture of woolens to supply our 
markets. 
Further examination in almost every other 
class of woolens would show the same 
progress. Kuit goods almost completely 
supply the field at home; and the growth 
since 1862 is to about three times the value 
then produced. 
Shawls of all sorts, other than mohair or 
camel’s hair, are no longer imported in any 
considerable degree. 
Blankets, both of the finer while sorts, 
including carriage and traveling blankets, 
as well as all coarse Indian blankets, arc 
also not imported to any amount, while the 
domestic production has readied large ag¬ 
gregates. Bearing in mind the enormous 
importation of all classes of blankets for¬ 
merly existing, the value of the protection 
which secures this industry will be felt. 
In New England, as we have shown, and 
we repeat the statement because of the at¬ 
tempts now made to convey the impression 
that It Is hostile to the tariff on woolens, the 
development of this manufacture lias been 
very great within five years, and especially 
since 1867. Ten or twelve of the largest 
mills of the country manufacture delaines, 
alpacas, mohairs, Italian cloths, poplins, reps, 
clieuos, manures, &c., including everything 
known in dress goods of worsted, mohair, 
&c. Among the number of mills, the chief 
are the Pacific 31 ills, the Atlantic Delaine 
Company, the Lowell Mills, the Manchester 
Mills, the Hamilton Mills, &o. The produc¬ 
tion ot domestic mills is rapidly supplying 
the market, atul with the continuance of the 
protection of 1868 and 1869 would, in two 
years more, cover two-thirds of the consump¬ 
tion in the United States. 
-- 
SHEEP WEST OF THE MISSOURI 
RIVER. 
We have recently conversed with a highly 
intelligent gentleman just returned front a. 
business trip through some of the central 
and southwestern countries of Missouri, and 
are sorry to learn from him that, a large 
majority of the flocks of fine wooled sheep 
driven into that State, are doing badly. lie 
reports a mortality of from twenty to eighty 
per cent, as the extremes, with a probable 
average of thirty or thirty-five per cent. 
But a small per cent, of lambs have been 
raised; and lie predicts that the wool clip of 
that State will lie materially loss this season 
than in 1869. Our informant attributes this 
undesirable slate of affairs, primarily to the 
depressed and un remunerative price of wools, 
Which has begotten among the farmers neg¬ 
lect of their (locks, diseases, dogs, and all 
the other enemies to successful sheep hus¬ 
bandry to hold sway among them. 
Our information, we yet hope to learn, is 
somewhat too highly colored; but. the fact 
is undeniable that the long tarrying among 
the shadows has brought disaster upon many, 
and depression to nearly all the flock mas¬ 
ters of the country. \V r e have, however, 
maintained, and still believe, that any such 
wholesale neglect of stock as above indi¬ 
cated, is the very extreme of shortsighted¬ 
ness, to say nothing or its cruelty. In the 
more thickly settled localities, as wo have 
heretofore said, large flocks cannot be made 
remunerative—though smaller ones can be. 
But it, in Missouri and other States west of 
the rivers where boundless, rolling prairies 
furnish pasturage in endless profusion, with 
sufficient water and shade, sheep cannot be 
handled with profit, then all our long-cher¬ 
ished ideas of “ a good sheep country ’’ are 
very much at fault. — A. M. Garland , in 
Western Rural. 
-— -»4»- 
TO WHITEN WOOL. 
The 3Iechanics’ Magazine says The 
following is published in a German industrial 
journal us a process for giving whiteness 
and weight to wool We give it for what 
it is worth, without promising that the re¬ 
sult will he satisfactory, or that the game 
will be worth the candle. The quantities 
or ingredients here given are for fifty pounds 
of wool. Make a balli by dissolving in 
water two pounds of alum, eighteen pounds 
of cream of tartar, eleven pounds of sul¬ 
phuric acid, eighteen pounds of starch, six 
pounds of sulphate of indigo and three 
pounds of orchil. 
“ Immerse the wool in this bath, at twenty- 
two degrees Fahrenheit, for three-quarters 
of an hour. In this way it will get a whitish 
tone, with which many are content; but the 
white may tie made deeper by rinsing and 
then transferring it to another bath consist¬ 
ing of a solution of one pound of chloride of 
barium. This, we are told, will give a very 
solid and satiny whiteness to the wool, which 
it is quite possible may be increased in 
weight by the treatment.” 
-- 
SHEEP SCAB IN ENGLAND. 
“ The Field,” London, June 18th, says: 
“Sheep scab prevails in many parts of the 
country; nearly forty counties are returned 
as infected, and nearly 7,000 sheep were re¬ 
ported to be suffering from the disease in the 
last week of May. Scab, like some other 
diseases of the skin, is easily propagated by 
contact of the diseased with healthy animals; 
indeed, as we have previously shown, a tuft 
of wool from a diseased sheep may contain 
sufficient acari and ova to infect a flock. 
But it is remarkable, nevertheless, that, with 
so many specifics for the cure of the disease, 
it still continues to spread. The treatment 
is not expensive, docs not necessitate any 
skilled labor, may be carried out without in¬ 
terference witli the ordinary management of 
the flock; and if properly done, is always 
successful.” 
————♦-*-*- 
THE SKIN WOOL AMENDMENT. 
The Skin-Wool Amendment has passed 
Congress in the form asked for, and takes 
effect January 1.1871. All wool on the skin 
now pays but 80 per cent. duty. The duties 
after the 1st of June next will be as follows: 
Wool on the skin is to pay the duty imposed 
on wool, which is as follows: 
Wool; class llrst, clothing wools, viz.Merino, 
Mealizu, Molzor .Metis wools, or other wools of 
Merino blood, Immediate) nr remote; down 
clothing wools, and wools of like character, In¬ 
cluding stroll as have been heretofore usually 
imported from Buenos Ayres, New Zealand, 
Australia. Capo of Good Hope, Russia, Great. 
Urltalu. Canada, amt elsewhere, and all not 
otherwise provided for In class Hand 3. (lie value 
whereof at the last port whence exported to the 
United States, exeludlng charges in such port, 
shall bo 12cents or less per pound; LOe. and 11 
per cent. 
Wool us above, exceeding bents per pound, 
12c. per pound and 10 per vent. 
Wool, on the skin, third class, carpet, wools, 
anti other similar wools, viz.Donskoy, native 
South American, Cordova, Valparaiso, native 
Smyrna, and wools of like ehurneler, usually 
Imported from Turkey, Greece, Egypt, Smyrna, 
and elsewhere, the value thereof at the last port 
whence exported to the United States, exclud¬ 
ing Charges in such port shall bo 12 cents or less 
per pound: So. per pound. 
Wool, on the skin, exceeding 12 cents per 
pound ; 0c. per pound. 
Wool on the skin. Any wool of the sheep, or 
hull* of the Alpnea gout and other like animals, 
which shall bo Imported In any other than the 
ordinary condition,as now ami heretofore prac¬ 
ticed, or which shall bo changed in its character 
or condition for the purpose of evading the 
duty; or which shall bo reduced In value by the 
admixture of dirt, or any other foreign sub¬ 
stance, shall be subject to pay twice the uiuouul 
of duty to which it would otherwise bo sub¬ 
jected. 
Wool, on the skin. When wool of the first 
class Is imported washed, the duty shall bo twice 
the amount of duty to which It would ho sub¬ 
jected If imported unwashed, and the duty on 
wool Of all classes which shall bo imported 
scoured, shall bo three times tlieamountofduty 
which it would be subjected to, if Imported un¬ 
washed. 
--— 
FAILURE OF HEAVY WOOL FIRMS. 
The New York Economist, July 15tb, 
says : 
The wool trade of t his, as well ns other cit ies, 
were completely taken aback on Thursday last 
by theuunounoeniont that Mr. Tints. HrcSBN.of 
the well known firm of Tints. Hilskn & Co., 
wool merchants, Philadelphia, had absconded, 
leaving unpaid balances behind him of upward 
of |iW,000. Eor a few hours the news completely 
staggered everybody, for probably no man in 
the entire wool trade possessed the confidence 
of so many as did Mr. Thomas Husks. The 
cause, as fur us wo can Jeurn, is differences of 
opinion between Messrs. Gko. W. Honda Co., of 
ISosion, and Messrs. Thomas Hu,sen ,y <jo., 
Philadelphia, growing mil of transactions of 
Messrs. Gko. W. Rond & Co. with the lute firm 
and tallureof Messrs. I, If. Joitica, Jr., A Co., 
which proceedings wore very unsatisfaetory to 
Mr. IIilsen, who has taken off, leaving Mr.Guo. 
W. ROND & Co. to set tle the matter as best they 
can. Very few of the trado believe Mr. IIilsen 
intended to be a defaulter, for, bad ho desired, 
he could have Obtained credit to an unlimited 
extent, as ho was everywhere believed to be a 
merchant, worthy of credit In consequence of 
his connections. Considerable sympathy is ex¬ 
pressed for Mr. IIilsen, but little or none for 
tbo house of Messrs. Gko. \Y. Bond & Co., who 
wo understand have suspended. Wo hardly 
know how to express ourselves in this matter, 
for, as the “ Friends" have it, 
“ Since man to man is so unjust, 
We hardly know wlioi man to trust." 
Mr. Tnos. Hilskn was ft very fast man, lived 
fust, kept his fust horses and fast women, was 
everything hut what a great merchant, ought to 
he, yet Mr. Hiiskn being connected with Mm 
Bonds, tils credit, was A 1, and everybody was 
glad to sell him or them. Mr. fi. is gone abroad; 
ft. is doubtful if he ever returns. It la said he 
left ills native land also for defalcation, and his 
business with this part of the world has ceased. 
Wo understand that Messrs. Bond & Co. are 
thus early in the market to settle, offering thirty 
cents on the dollar. 
f> e j|crultrn-Uitfb. 
POULTRY HOUSE 
Wanted that will AcftfeiuuiMilate Oun Hun¬ 
dred Fowls. 
A SUBSCRIBER of Licking Co„ O., writes: 
“ I am desirous of obtaining information 
with regard to a poultry house. I want to 
build one that, will accommodate one hun¬ 
dred fowls. I want a building with nests 
for thorn to lay in and a selling room—some¬ 
thing that will be convenient and durable. 
VVbicli is the most profitable on a farm, to 
have a good yard and keep the fowls in it, 
or let them run at large over the premises ? 
If a yard is the best., how large ought it to 
bo to accommodate one hundred fowls? 
Would it be a good plan to have an apart¬ 
ment that would be comfortable for four or 
live hogs.” 
In response to the above inquiries, we give 
herewith a plan of a poultry bouse furnished 
by one of our subscribers, with a diagram 
and all the requisite information desired. 
We think the plan a feasible and good one, 
and should have no hesitation in adopting 
it, with a few minor changes, were wo seek¬ 
ing a practical plan. The idea of having 
the laying and sit t ing neats separate and dis¬ 
tinct, tinder the same roof and on the same 
floor, is a good one—one which, in many 
respects, is very desirable. 
yard 
YARD 
Aim 
_ a x i a j 
O- U I 
l ^ 
[PIT [A 
H-*. 
R, R—Roosting and laying rooms for two varieties 
of fowls. 
a-aiuing-room with nests, to open into laying rooms 
or closed from them at pleusure. 
W, W. W Windows. 
It, 1», l>— Doors. 
P, l*—Perches. 
A. A—Small doors into yard. 
O, 0—Silting lioxes. 
L, L— Laying boxes. 
Wc would most, assuredly recommend our 
correspondent to house his fowls. The idea 
that loo many fanners have of making 
pro (its from fowls and letting them shift for 
themselves is an erroneous one. If you de¬ 
sire to make the keeping of poultry a pay¬ 
ing investment, they should la: given proper 
care and attention ; this cannot be done if 
fowls arc allowed to run at large. We would 
not advise the hennery to bo made in com¬ 
partments so that hogs could occupy a part 
thereof. Better far have your hennery 
separate and distinct from a liog-pen. 
In speaking of his plun our correspondent, 
from Monroe Co., N. Y. says: 
As you have made the Rural New- 
Yorker a medium for the interchange of 
ideas and information, will you please aid 
me in some points wherein I am mystified. 
1 purpose to build a poultry house that will 
accommodate one hundred fowls, it is to 
be 12 by 24 feet, single roof sloping to the 
north, the south side to have three large 
windows to admit light and heat, which can 
be removed and left open or slats put in 
their place. Nine feel span oil each end is 
to be used as common roosting and laying 
rooms for two varieties of fowls. The nests 
arc to be twelve inches wide and fifteen in¬ 
ches high, arranged in two tiers, one over 
the other, six inches from the tjrmuul fioor 
and along the slatted partitions dividing the 
laying rooms from the middle or sitting 
room, and are to open into either room. 
When I lie nests arc used for sitting hens 
they can be closed from the, laying rooms. 
The sitting hens of both varieties occupying 
the sitting room in Common. Each have a 
separate back yard, but the front, yard will 
be occupied by each on alternate days where 
they have access to the cleanings from the 
horse stable and pigsty, the poultry house 
and yards being arranged back Of the horse 
barn and away from the house. The three 
yards will coutaiu about sixty rods of 
ground. 
Now I wish to know wherein I can im¬ 
prove this plan, and if I am going to have 
room sufficient for the one hundred fowls. 
In the descriptions of poultry houses given 
in the Rural New-Yorker, and other 
papers, the sitting and laying rooms are 
separate in many cases, I think, IIow can a 
room be used for a sitting room and not be 
used for laying room except on a similar 
plan to that given above? 
1 intend to try Ilondans and Dark Brah¬ 
mas, though my experience thus far is dis¬ 
couraging. I ordered from a reliable dealer 
one dozen eggs of ouch of the above varie¬ 
ties, and I have three Brahma chicks, but 
none of the Houdans hatched. But l am to 
he furnished with more eggs because the 
others were inia-sent which was probably the 
reason in part for their failing to hatch. 
Hamlin. 
We think the house and plan you propose 
will accommodate the number of fowls you 
desire. If you find on trial it is not large 
enough, it, can be easily enlarged by an L 
formed on the north side which will answer 
as a wind break; in that case more area 
should be given to the yards. 
-- 
POULTRY NOTES. 
Wliy Brahmas Di* Not Hatch Chicks. 
G. R. D,, Merrimack Co., N. II., says the 
reason why Brahma fowls do not hatch as 
many chickens as other hens is not no much 
on account of the reasons given by If. 
Robinson as on account, of their greater 
weight. It was our custom in former years 
to sit our largest liens, thinking they could 
cover more completely the eggs; recently 
we set the smallest hens, and the proportion 
ot eggs hatched is much grader. If any 
read this skeptically, they will heartily in¬ 
dorse it after experimenting a little with the 
biddies. 
(Japes in Chickens. 
As this is the season for young chickens, 
and men are giving their knowledge of the 
treatment, I should like to have them look 
at the character of the disease and reason 
the matter before they write. Then I think 
they will stop prescribing turpentine, capsi¬ 
cum, sulphur and many more remedies 
which arc injurious. It is plain to every 
man who has ever examined a chick Unit 
has died from the effects of gapes that the 
disease was located in the trachea or wind¬ 
pipe in place of the craw. Therefore feed¬ 
ing or cramming would have no effect on 
the worms which are located in the trachea. 
We must use medicine which will kill the 
worms; and medicine in the craw will have 
no affect on worms in the wind-pipe. Some 
recommend a horse hair introduced into the 
trachea to extract the worms. That will do 
if you are successful. But 1 think the 
feather of a chicken,stripped, except a litile 
at the end, and well saturated with alcohol, 
introduced into the trachea a few times, will 
kill these worms, so that the chick will he 
able to throw them off. Then, by a little 
care, it will soon regain its health.— Ohio. 
A DissalS aILmI Fowl Buyev. 
Like D. W. E. of Peoria Co., Ill., I have 
been swindled in the purchase of Light 
Brahma fowls, only that I purchased fowls, 
ami not eggs; mine came from the“ Experi¬ 
mental Farm” of Geo. A. D&itz of Chnm- 
IxTsburg, l'a., (perhaps you exchange jour¬ 
nals with him,) and were advertised by him 
as “ the best,” and were paid for all that lie 
asked, with the addition of an enormous ex¬ 
press charge. I have corresponded with 
him a good deal on the subject, but never 
got any satisfaction, and now lie will not 
even answer me. lie did send me, ns a rep¬ 
aration, one and a half dozen Light Bralnna 
eggs, with the promise that if they did not 
“ hatch the best Brahma chicks in Ohio,” he 
would refund my money; but I never got a 
chick from them, although other eggs in the 
same nests hatched all right. And now lie 
don’t know me. 1 have paid him and die 
Express Company money enough to have 
some good fowls, but have not got them, and 
all because 1 supposed him to he honest. 
And what remedy have we? Nothing Unit 
I know of but to “grin and bear it,” and 
patronize the next. Your description of 
Light, Brahmas in Rural New-Yorker of 
■July 9th, satisfies me fully in regard to the 
purity of my fowls.—L. E. Clark, Maumee 
City to., July 11,1870. 
Kiivavvy on a Houtlnii. 
As I have just, performed quite an inter¬ 
esting surgical operation on one of the fowl 
kind, it may not he out of place to mention 
it in your poultry columns. About four 
weeks ago i introduced into my yard of 
blooded fowls a pair of full blood Houdans, 
the cock having been hutched from an egg 
imported from London, England, and raised 
in Boston. Ever since i have noticed him 
drooping and refusing to eat. On examina¬ 
tion I discovered a hard bunch on the left 
side of the breast, near the lower edge of 
crop, of the size of an egg. I thought ii was 
crop bound, though it. was not in tbo middle 
nor on the crop; and alter feeding him on 
soft food for three days, and he gelling no 
better, 1 made up my mind to operate for 
that. So providing myself with knife, probes, 
needle, &e , I confined the patient, and com¬ 
menced operations by cutting the skin one 
inch; not finding any crop, 1 cut into the 
white meat three-eighths of an inch deep 
and came to a Cavity which discharged two- 
thirds of ft teacup of dark putrid matter, very 
offensive to the smell. After probing for 
some foreign substance, and finding none, I 
filled with water several times to wash out, 
then sewed the edges of skin and let up. 
Since then lie has seemed much better and 
eats well. L have no doubt he will be per¬ 
fectly well in a short time. I think he would 
have died Lad I not attended to it; and as 
he was a fine specimen which I got for 
breeding purposes, it. would have been a great 
loss. I see no account, in any of the books 
of such a case. 1 should call it an abscess, 
and it must have drawn heavily on the health 
of the bird.—W. T., Flint, Mich. 
