flic Saturslist 
% 5 ■¥> 
THE HOP LOUSE. 
The first appearance of anything con¬ 
nected with the lice in the spring, that I 
have discovered, is a small green aphis on 
the under side of the leaf from about the 
first to 10th of May. It lias much the ap¬ 
pearance of a small, green grasshopper, 
being at first not more than one-sixteenth of 
an inch in length ; and, if disturbed, moves 
around quite lively, but seldom leaving the 
under side of the leaf. They grow to be 
about three-sixteenths of an inch in length 
and mature—the first of them, about the 
first of June, when their feet become fas¬ 
tened to the leaf, and shedding their skin, 
they become a fly. When the fly first comes 
out, it is a very light red, with the tips of its 
wings having a milky appearance. The 
wings soon become clear and the color 
grows 1o a darker red as they mature. 
They are as active in five minutes after they 
arc out of the skin as they ever get; for 
they seldom leave the hill on which they 
grow, unless in heavy winds. At the time 
of their first appearance the vine is from 
four to six feet up the pole, the aphis con¬ 
tinuing to increase and undergo the change 
as above, till the last of July or first of 
August. 
After the fly has arrived at the ago of 
from two to three weeks, they begin to de¬ 
posit. lice on the under side of the large 
leaves, low down on the pole, where they 
are shaded, and ascend the pole as foliage 
affords shelter from the sun. The aphis 
cannot stand the. heat of the sun without 
shade, as they die at once when shook from 
the leaf to the ground in the middle of the 
day. 
The lice, being all females, commence lay¬ 
ing live lice, if the weather is warm, when 
uboutcighl days old ; and when about fifteen 
days old have made a deposit, of from fifteen to 
thirty each; when, by old age, or having 
filled their mission, they die. Their color 
when young is light, green, and darker as 
they advance. The young grow up and go 
through the same process ami transformation 
for about six generations in one season, the 
last being the one that damages the crop, 
as the former remain on the leaves, and 
while there 1 have not discovered that they 
do any particular damage except the 
amount of sap they take for support. Rut 
when the fruit is so far advanced as to he 
ripening off, it draws on the root for all 
the strength, the leaves begin to mature, 
and the lice are forced to leave them and go 
to the fruit to prevent starvation. Then the 
first damage shows itself, the hop assuming 
a watery appearance, then turning dark- 
colored inside and looking as though struck 
with mildew (as some have seen tit to call It 
rather than say they have lice on their 
hops.) 1 have seen acres spoiled by turning 
dark, in six hours through the effect of a 
heavy fog on a clamp day. So far there has 
not been a male louse in the yar,d; but du¬ 
ring the last of the picking season and the 
last generation, some flies are seen with 
wings about twice as long as their bodies. 
These are the males, and at this time im¬ 
pregnation takes place for the coming year. 
The last seen of them is on the ground, and 
they soon disappear, the impregnation pass¬ 
ing through at least three transformations. 
The young lice come from the mother 
backward and walk off to a safe retreat at 
once. I have been unable to follow them 
through the winter. I have tried fumiga¬ 
ting them with charcoal and sulphur; but. 
the lice will stand more of it than the hops. 
The only remedy I know of is a cold storm 
from t he first to the 10th of August, which 
will clean them out, every time, so that, they 
cannot,get in sufficient force to do any dam¬ 
age till the very last days’ picking. —e, f. l, 
-♦♦♦-■- 
THE COMMON MOLE. 
As “ philosophers disagree” on the mole, 
who is to decide? 
One says “spare tho mole,” because he 
cats grubs and worms; another says, “kill 
him” because ho destroys the grubs and 
worms, which are great earth pulverizers. 
The fact is we need to prevent his damages 
in some way, notwithstanding the defenses 
of J. Stauffer of Lancaster, Pa., in Rural, 
New-Yorker, which are in his favor. 
The mole is not only a voracious eater of 
living things, but is also guilty of eating or 
gnawing to pieces whole hills Of sweet pota¬ 
toes, is very destructive on the potato crop, 
when nearly ready to gather, and bad on 
< om when planted ; even so sharp as to run 
the furrows and take the hills as he goes. 
His undermining skill is great when he gets 
in a furrow ot lioe-covered corn and goes on 
h>p, for speed, between hills, and under¬ 
ground in the hill. Thus he takes the corn 
clean as lie goes. To effect a remedy, the 
mole must be destroyed or caught, and 
moved to other parts. 
He is a very poor underdrainer when it 
comes to practice. Who wants to he 
bothered with his great dirt, hills or muddy 
swamp holes in wet weather? Surely no 
one who has skill enough to drain for health, 
beauty or profit. 
Possibly the mole would be a skillful 
“help” jf he could be kept within the 
bounds of theory. Jlut the theory is like 
Greeley's plowing or Beecher’s “ dried 
apples," won’t apply in practice. There was 
wisdow in the creation of the mole; so there 
is in the potato bug. Also, there is wisdom 
in us, to cause their destruction, to prevent 
their ravages. A little common sense prac¬ 
tice, if well applied, is far ahead of cut and 
dried theory. 
Aristotle must be right about the mole 
having no eyes, at least about his not seeing; 
this is supported by the fable about the 
young mole who wanted a pair of spectacles, 
lint was told it would he useless as a mole 
had no eyes. All the appearance they have 
of eyes, are two dark dots or small humps 
under the skin of the head “where eyes 
ought to he.” They are only rudimentary, 
and appear altogether destituc of vision, 
which conclusion is altogether reasonable, as 
vision for a mole is as useless as it would be 
for the fish of Mammoth Cave. 
Gasburgli, Morgan Co., lml. Socrates. 
-•-*-*- 
NOTES FOR NATURALISTS. 
Red Spider on Plant*. 
A. T. Edwards asks for u remedy against 
(he red spider on house plants that will not 
destroy the plants. One preventive of red 
spider is a moist atmosphere. The best 
remedy we know of is frequent syringing or 
sponging the foliage. If our readers have 
any better, let them give it. 
Curcnlio* mid Sparrows. 
A. Walter, Montgomery Co., Ind., in¬ 
forms us that he has no confidence in any of 
the modes adopted for destroying the cur- 
oulio unless orchard sparrows will do it. The 
fruit, crop in his vicinity, he says, is an entire 
failure in consequence of the cumilio. He 
asks if we think the sparrow will kill cur- 
CUltOB and where it (the sparrow) can be 
obtained. We don’t think the sparrow will 
exterminate the curculio. The English 
sparrow is rapidly extending all over the 
country. There are plenty of them here¬ 
abouts, lmt we do not happen to know the 
names ot bird dealers who cau supply them. 
To net rid of Black Alin. 
Get live; cents worth of tartar emetic, mix 
in an old saucer with sugar and water and 
set in your pantry or cupboard, where the 
ants trouble you. In twenty-four hours 
every ant will have left the premises. With 
me the same dish of tartar emetic answered 
as well the second year as the first; as the 
water dries out add more. Perhaps this 
will drive away red ants. I have had no 
experience with them. Will M. A. II., 
Clifton Farm, Va., try it, and give the result ? 
This mixture does not destroy, it drives them 
away ; you will occasionally see a straggler 
about hut he does not bring a host with 
him; he probably informs his friends and 
relatives of its sickening effects. — F. A. 
Chassell. 
The Yellow-Necked Apple Worm. 
O. A. A., Blackiutou, Mass., writes:—“ I 
send, herewith, samples of a worm that ap¬ 
peared in this vicinity for the first time last 
year. It works on apple, pear and plum 
trees, stripping the leaves dean as it goes. 
Please inform me what it is, and what, if 
anything, hut baud picking, will destroy it. 
I tried hellebore on it last year with no 
effect. It seems to he increasing from year 
to year, and promises to he destructive to 
apple trees.” This is the caterpillar of the 
moth called by Harris (see pages 42 ( J and 
430, Harris’ Insects Injurious to Vegetation) 
Pygeera minixtra, Drury. By Firm (see 
Report I. and II., page 235) it is called “ the 
Yellow-necked apple tree worm" or the 
“handmaid moth,” Enmetopona ininistm, 
Drury. Neither of these authors give any 
inode of destroying them, except that Fitch 
says:—“As the works of this insect are 
‘ evil only, and that continually,’ and as tlte 
worms are so easily destroyed by cutting off 
the twig on which they are clustered and 
throwing it in the fire; whenever a brood is 
met with it should be exterminated at once. 
Hens do not appear to relish them.” 
To Drive oil or Destroy Red Ant*. 
The following recipe has proved success¬ 
ful in every case where tried:—Take six or 
seven drops of oxalic acid, (which is in a 
liquid state during warm weather,) and mix 
it with a small teacup half full of melted lard, 
and set this preparation wherever the ants 
are troublesome, and they will disappear in a 
very short space of time. This is also good 
to keep out other insects.—H., Keokuk , Toma. 
M. A. IT. asks for some cure for red ants. 
I have found this spring that carbolic acid 
Wfls very effectual in a closet which they had 
just entered. First wipe them all out with 
a damp cloth, and then with, a little swab of 
raw cotton, on a thin stick, wet with the 
acid, wipe all around the edge of the shelves, 
and wherever they seem to come from. At 
least this plan caused them to disappear at 
once; or, rather, no more came. I also put 
some of the acid round the legs of the safes, 
and have had no more trouble.—A. A. W., 
North Bend , 0. 
nr;tI ^rrbitfctnrr. 
CHEAP COTTAGE. 
I conclude to send the inclosed cottage 
plan, with elevation in perspective, thinking 
that if you should consider them of sufficient 
merit to publish, it might meet the wants of 
some of your numerous readers, or at least 
furnish some practical suggestions, even 
though the plans may not he adopted by any. 
7 6 
% 
« X 12 
15X./9 
12 
3X12 
10 
12 X 13 
IJ 
12X13 
Fig. 2. 
lights. It will he useful for various purposes; 
a large closet (6) is lighted in the same way, 
which may be used for a pantry, unless the 
former should be, in which case it will still 
be convenient; (7) is the hack entry; (8) the 
sink convenient to the dish closet. At the 
end of the sink, shelves, and underneath, 
drawers and closet. In the entry we have 
stairs to the chamber, and cellar stairs un¬ 
derneath from the kitchen. 
We find four good sized sleeping rooms 
up stairs, (see Fig. 2,) each having a good 
closet. f. b. c. 
-- - - 
SETTLER’S RESIDENCE. 
It is a common practice for men with 
limited means to build a house just large 
enough to make them a home, with the ex¬ 
pectation some day adding thereto as their 
increasing means will allow. It is very im¬ 
portant that the structure first erected shall 
be planned and constructed with reference 
to these future additions, so that when the 
dwelling is finally completed, it will be as 
commodious and shapely as if all had been 
planned and built together. To assist in 
accomplishing this the accompanying plans 
are submitted: 
Fio. 1.—A, Living Room; B, Sleeping Room; C, 
Pantry. 
Figure 1 represents a plan of the first 
structure. It is lfi by 20 feet. It is simple 
and small, yet with the chamber finished it 
will make a comfortable home for a small 
family. This plan is of the ground floor: 
plan of chamber is not given, as it is not 
deemed necessary, it being so near like this. 
There will be a bed-room directly over the, 
lower one, and over the pantry will be a 
passage-way to the front chamber. If pre¬ 
ferred, this front chamber may be divided 
into two rooms with closet to one of them; 
hut I think that in most cases this division 
would he undesirable. The descent to the 
cellar is from the pantry. 
Figure 2 shows plan of the same house 
with two wings attached, the size of the 
wings being 10 by 22 and 16 by 30. The 
door bet ween rooms A and E is the original 
window cut down to the floor. The same 
is true of the door leading from the sleeping 
room in the upright into the closet. The 
change from windows to doors is easy when 
the proper precautions have been observed. 
Full length frames and casings should be 
put in these places, exactly as if doors 
were at first to he hung there. It will he 
easy to fasten in a window-sill, the inside 
IBtflQ 
If* 16 
12 X. < 
Fig. 1. 
In Fig. 1, we find first an entry, (1) six 
feel by seven, furnishing convenient entrance 
to the parlor or family sitting-room, (2) ami 
to the kitchen, (4) each of convenient access 
1o t he other, and also to a good sized bed¬ 
room, (3) which has a closet, c, and drawers, 
finished in by the side of the chimney by the 
kitchen door, which will he very convenient, 
and a saving of furniture. A good sized 
store-room (5) is connected with the kitchen, 
and lighted by one of the front door side. 
15*16 
14.* IS 
D D 
Qx 12 
Fig. 2.—A, Dining Room; 15,15, Sleeping Rooms; 
C, Pantry; D, D, Closets; E, Parlor: F, Kitch¬ 
en; G, Wood House; H, H, H, Porches. 
horizontal casings, and the stops. The space 
below the window may be closed with panel 
or lathed and plastered on the inside, and 
outside it may he closed with siding or with 
one piece of board. When the subsequent, 
additions arc made, these windows can he 
used in the wings, i. c. t the sash and glass. 
In this way the work will he much better 
after the doors are in than would have been 
the case if a window frame and casings had 
been put in at the start. It, will look better, 
aud he closer, and cost less. No cutting 
through lath and plaster, no sawing out of 
siding, no splicing or replacing of casings 
and jams. A door is shown opening from 
the, kitchen, F, into the pantry. The frame 
and casings for this had also heller ho put 
in at first, and the opening can he filled with 
the door itself, or in any other way. 
It, is, of course, no wise essential that 
these wings be built at the same time. One 
may first he added, and afterwards as re¬ 
sources will permit, the second may follow. 
There will he hut little difference in the cost 
of the two wings; and eacli will decide for 
himself which one to add first. 
The upright, or main part, should be at 
least 16 feet between plate and sill. It may 
not look so well at first, but after the wings 
are attached it will appear better. The 
eaves must be high enough that the ridge- 
hoards of the wings will go under them. 
The wings should have the common double 
roof, with gables. The porches can ho dis¬ 
pensed with, hut they will add greatly to 
the looks of the dwelling, and also to the 
comfort of its occupants. It' the t wo shorter 
ones were made each 16 feet long, 1 think 
it would improve the appearance of the 
house. 
If more chamber room is desired, build at 
fh’st two full stories high, and then the wing 
in which is the parlor can also be two sto¬ 
ries,—that is, what is known as an L,—or 
the other wing might he the two-st.ory one. 
The exterior of this building can he such 
as will host, suit the taste of the owner. The 
different prevailing styles can be seen every¬ 
where, and an elevation or view of the com¬ 
pleted structure is not necessary. —f. h. g. 
— ■ 4 ♦♦- 
BARN MANURE CELLARS. 
1 would like to inquire of those who 
' have manure cellars under their barns, how 
they are liked, the manner of construction, 
and mode of making large quantities of ma¬ 
nure. 
We must make more and save alt the 
manure we have to apply to our land, or 
our fanning in this country, or in fact any 
country, will soon prove a failure. We have 
just, been building a bam, 34x54 and wing, 
24x36, (on the northwest side,) making a 
southern exposure for barn-yard. The 
building lias 24 feet posts, standing over 
stone basement G}£ feet high; cow stable 
in main part of barn; in the wing, on south 
side, calf pens and hennery, 10x10 feet., and 
north side for young stock. 
The cellar below this answers for an open 
shed. Upper part of wing is hay and straw 
loft opening into upper or threshing floor 
of main building, also the hay. To tills floor 
is a covered approach, 11 feet, long; width 
same as barn floor, 14 feet. Under this a 
granary with shuto from threshing floor to 
bins. Granary opening into cow stable. 
Grain loft over threshing floor. 
This is a new style of barn here, and a 
good many are croaking about waste room, 
referring to the Cellar, asserting that cattle 
cannot tie healthy over so much manure. 
Now, T would like to ask why, iu the mono 
of common sense, will cattle lie any worse 
off over a cellar, where there is plenty of air 
circulating underneath (and flee ventilation 
above, of course,) than where all the liquid 
goes under the floor with no ventilation, as 
in the old style. Then, every one must ad¬ 
mit the saving of manure and time in clear¬ 
ing stables. n. j 5 . j 
<!,Ik Aitnrarj) Sporltr. 
NEW PUBLICATIONS. 
Thr Life oC Mtinmarcle.— (New York: Har¬ 
per & Brothers.) By John Gnonce tains l(i:s- 
EKinr., translated and edited by Kenneth ii. It. 
MACkENziK, is a most timely and interesting 
publication. Tho ltt'o of the groat Minister 
President lias boon an eventful as well us bril¬ 
liant. one; and Ills biographer does not seem 
to be a too partial, though most certainly an 
appreciative admirer. The English editors’ 
preface is a dispassionate and appiironth jo i 
analysis of Bismarck's character. The. book 
throughout is most interesting, and gives ns 
glimpses of all tbo phases of Bismarck'S 
character, embracing vivid pictures of his do¬ 
mestic as well as public, lire. It Is admirably Il¬ 
lustrated, and ivo cordially commend It ns 
worthy u place In tho libraries of our readers. 
•-»♦«- 
•Maternity i for young- U'lve* and mother*. 
(Now York : J. B. Ford & Co.)—This is a practi¬ 
cal book, and wo cannot help thinking il will 
prove of great use in any family. II treats in 
detail of Procreation and Production; (lie 
Womb and Its Appendages; Pregnancy; Labor; 
Nursing and Rearing of Infants, Diseases of 
Infancy and Childhood; Moral and Physical 
Training of Children : Dietetic Rules; Medicines. 
It seems to bo prepared with tho catholic pur¬ 
pose of doing good rather than to propagate any 
especial theory. It. tenches what too few moth¬ 
ers know when they should know it. 
Life fat ter*) t,retort* and «f ddreteen of 
Frederick IF. lloberteon , (New York; Har¬ 
per St Brothevs.) This is a volume of over eight 
hundred pages, closely printed. Those who 
ha ve personal interests in this eminent preacher, 
or who like to read of tin eminent and liberal 
thinker, and of what he thought, will find this 
volume profitable. Tho life and work of such 
a man is, in tt sense, a historical mirror. At 
least, It reflects the intellectual growth as fos¬ 
sils show the vegetable growth of a period. 
-»♦» 
Fife and .Hone. (Boston: Lee & Shepard.)— 
A well written, well printed, and neatly bound 
novel, of a kind we do not like. II is not a 
hen!liiy book. The characters are nearly all 
“grand, gloomy ami peculiar," with a Byrouic 
sensation of blight upon them; and the very 
cure and intensity with which the characters 
are drawn, render the book tho more dangerous. 
Its reading begun, it will be read to tho end; 
but there Is a poison in the pleasure it brings. 
• - 
Charltt ntekene ,— We have a sketch of his 
life and works by F. B. Perkins, (New York: O. 
P. Putnam A fions.) If there is anything which 
the dully, weekly and monthly press have not 
exhausted concerning Dickens, and If any of 
our readers are curious to learn more than they 
may kuow concerning the great novelist, it is 
barely possible that It may be found in this vol¬ 
ume; we cannot say. Feeling the subject ex¬ 
hausted, wo have not. attempted to And out. 
-H4- 
•Moral) Intellectual and Hhi/ttrol Culture, 
(New York: Wood & Holbrook.) Tin’s work, by 
F. G. WELCH, instructor lit the Department of 
Physical Culture, Yalo College, contains very 
many hints of value to every one who desires 
tho most enjoyment in this life, resulting from a 
healthful condition of the moral, mental and 
physical nature. 
M l - -- 
CaldtcelP* Ti e alire on Untieing;, (Colum¬ 
bus, O.: Scgners & CondJt.) This is a practical 
treatise, having especial reference to bodging 
with Osage Orange. It also contains a summary 
of the laws or the several States regarding 
fences, defining a legal Ten co in each State. It 
is a useful book, and wo commend it. 
-M*- 
Cider .Maker** •Manual, (Buffalo, N. Y.: 
Haas & Kelley.)—Thits work has been very care¬ 
fully prepared, and is exhaustive upon the gen¬ 
eral subject of cider manufacture, its conversion 
into wbte, Champagne, vinegar, etc. It is a use¬ 
ful book lor all who convert the applo surplus 
into cider, vinegar, &c. 
-- 
Job TuflottUnit .—(Now York: National 
Temperance Society.)—This little book is one 
that will interest and profit young readers. It 
tells a story of struggle and triumph, of mak¬ 
ing the most of ways and means which will 
prove an encouragement to any struggling 
child. 
- - 
The Marker Family, (New York: National 
Temperance Society.) This story begets a sort 
of tragic Interest in its respective characters. If 
is of a type with thousands of other every-day 
life-histories, the truth of which is stranger than 
fiction. 
-»♦> 
JH Home and • ! broad, (New York ; I. W. 
Huff) is the title of a handsome illustrated week¬ 
ly paper, in which ail articles arc complete in 
each number. It, is a very judiciously edited 
literary paper. 
