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weather coining on arrests the further growth 
of a mass of foliage, thoroughly curing it 
upon the root before its nutritive elements 
have been lost or changed into woody fiber, 
while a large proportion of those Stalks 
bearing seed have also been checked in 
growth and dried in time to retain a largo 
proportion of nutrition. 
In comparing California, as a dairy region, 
with grazing lands on the Atlantic slope, the 
winter and spring mouths correspond with 
' X. A. WILLARD, A. M., EDITOR, 
Op Lim.it Falls, Hkukimkr Countv, Nkw York. 
mrrr. ** a “7““ I gTOWiU aiUl 0HCd 111 111 
THE PAC IFIC COAST—I. proportion of nutrition 
California is estimated to contain within . ln c °Mparing Oalifor 
its boundaries 189,000 square miles. About w ! , ' 1> S raz ‘ u £ lan 'ls 0,11 
00,000 square miles are supposed to cover wlnler and spi’iug moi 
the entire range of coast-valleys and moun- 01,1 lj(>81 £ iaz M£ seaso 
tains. Most of the Government land along J * unar > r t0 Ju,ie > tbe ff ra88es in & rcat 
the coast, or at least the most fertile portion, h,x,n ‘ iance - Jul > r - Au « l,sl ft " d September, 
the level bottom lands and those nearest to com *P ond with our fall and early winter, 
market, have been taken up. The land in while November and December, when stock 
the valleys is of remarkable fertility, ami we rc ' q,lirc a ,iule f(:ed > 1,0 3(51 H S ainst 0lir 
saw everywhere sufficient evidence of pro- six ,w,ntlis of 001(1 and moyf y weather. It 
ductiveneas in grain, in fruits, in vegetables, 19 evident > 80 | ur as climate is concernod-so 
and in the vine to convince us that the soil ,:ir 88 die ®bmng °' cattle food and the nee- 
is “ teeming with fatness,” and under judi- ( ' Hmry breadth ofland for growing such food, 
cious culture Inis a capacity for growing im- lhe advantages are all in favor of the Pacific, 
mense crops. But, on the other hand, our nearness to the 
The present season has been unusually markets of the world, the permanency of our 
dry, and although the wheat crop will fall £ raM0B > our established system and skill in 
short, of an average in quantity, still the Manufacture, must, in a measure, cotupen- 
superior quality of the graiu, it ‘is believed, 8!lU: for tUe ri S ors of climate, and other dis¬ 
will make up all deficiency in quantity. ’ ^vantages which do not obtain in more fa- 
There are large tracts of country on the v °rcd sections, 
coast range adapted to grazing and the dairy, ««*»«■••«« l v« Profit from Grozina Lnu<t». 
though, taking the whole State together, we From what we saw ot California, and Cali- 
were told the dairy lands are of comparative fonda 'arming, we became strongly impress- 
ly limited extent. One great advantage ed with the idea that the grazing lands of the 
which the coast, lands possess is a low, even ® taW » for stock-growing and the dairy, can 
temperature—a temperature averaging about bu made t0 l> a y q,,ite as largely as lands de- 
60 Farenheit during summer and winter, vn ' { ’d to almost any other special agricultu- 
aud subject, to no extremes of beat and cold, ra * interest. Fruit tree 
like that prevailing in the middle and north w * ,b rapidity, and 
Atlantic States. The winters are so mild that ^ ^ present, the 
cattle do not require to be housed, and dm- and lhe « u PP>y so niucl 
ing most of the time can procure sufficient don ,ba *' " iere is no pro 
sustenance in the field. Indeed, cattle are We saw peach trees p 
often wintered without a particle of food rieties of fruit, (only ac-r 
other than that which they pick for them* Francisco, and where dr 
selves over the ranches—though it is not could be made for a ur 
generally considered good economy to allow paying nothing to the o 1 
the herds to thus shift for themselves during ing food for swine, the 
the first part of the rainy season, since the carted out for that purpe 
rains wash out the nutritive elements of the large apple orchards iso 
old grasses, while the now vegetation spring* ground, or a portion on 
ing up, is llusliy, or too immature to afford veiled into cider for vim 
the requisite nourishment for the thrift and The vineyards can, pi 
well-being of tin animal. Ilence in Novem- pay well for wine, since 
her and December it is considered good are so wonderfully adapi 
economy to eke out the pastures by giving that grapes can he grow 
the herds a daily allowance of fodder. expense. 
The Climale, UiUMea, Arc. The 1.argent Butter D 
To understand fully how stock is fed in Worit 
California some explanation of the seasons j iut w0 8Ct out t0 s f 
and the character of herbage found upon dairy kinds visited, and 
the ranches will be required. If we except scriptiou of the Howard 
the higher mountainous ranges, the Califor- wdl bc °* interest. Tins is 
nia year may lie divided into two seosous kutter dairy estate in t 
only—the wet and dry. 'The mins begin to l eas f Ike largest which I 
fall during the hitter part of October and immediate observation, v 
continue during November and December, by or in Europe. 
The moisture is sufficient to start vegetation Borne general idea of 
into a vigorous growth. Green pasturage is g a, hered from the fact 
abundant in January, February, March, 1,l,l g 0 ol fifty miles, am 
April, and up to about the first, of June and ,lvf: thousand acres. A 
July. Then comes the dry season, during Milesof fencebavc been e 
which no rain falls until the latter part of a ^ aC08t of $100 per m 
October or first of November and sometimes w * d be Been » amounts to 
it bolds off until December. ed in Marin county, at Pi 
Most of the native grasses are annuals. The Marin county lies dir 
wild oat grass and bunch grass are regarded Francisco and the Gold 
of most value. The Gramma, or lmncb Northwest point of the cc 
grass is exceedingly nutritious. Stock thrive a king, narrow body of w 
upon it at all seasons, except, perhaps, at the wan ', ahd is nearly me 
beginning of the rainy season, when, lor a Drake’s Bay pushing 
few weeks, its ntitritiousness is impaired from Makes a neck ol land, wh 
the caused which have been previously ex- auce bi the map of p 
plained. ocean. Now, by extendk 
In July and A ugust it as well us all others, ‘‘onterly direction from T 
becomes dry and brown, and the fields pre- Ban Francisco, so as togi 
sent hardly a vestige of green. Indeed, the lr .V on the east coast of S’u 
fields are so devoid of any green or growing Bay, we have on the we 
plant, and the tufts of grass are so brown funded by the t wo bays 
and dried up Unit the Eastern stock-grower klinoUB Point Keys Rand 
can scarcely rid himself of the impression On Monday, August, 1, 
that the whole country is of little, if any, Mr. Frank 1), Curtis < 
value for grazing, and would supply only a and Judge Noyes of i 
meager sustenance for a few goats; and yet Ploughman, we left, the 
immense herds are seen cropping this with- Ban Francisco, and crossi 
ered, dead, or perfectly dry, crisp herbage, Rafael, where we were 
and the animals look sleek and fat, and fit Webb Howard,E sq., ont 
for the shambles. Not hing astonished us of the rancho. Here Mr. 
more than this seemingly incongruous state vided a carriage and foi 
of things; for to an Eastern farmer, fat cat- linesman, Olin, to dri 
tie at pasture are always associated with country to the ranche, 
luxurious vegetation and an abundance of Rafael some twenty ni 
succulent, food. It is true, along the borders try through which w 
of streams, in the narrow valleys or deep reaching the ranche w; 
gorges, a fringe of green breaks the mono- luresling. For some d 
tony of the dead and apparently worthless winds through a red wool 
vegetation, covering the hills and stretching mense trees of lowering 1 
away to the distance ou the plains; but side of our path, and lhe 
these are scarcely sufficient to account for monstrous proportions we 
the uniformly fine condition of stock. seeu. At noon we“picn 
It becomes evident, therefore, that from of these giants of the for 
the peculiarity of the climate, and perhaps table a dozen or more feet 
from the nature of lhe plants themselves, pied one side of the tree, 
their nutritive elements are retained; and The character of count 
licit the standing grass in the field is cured Reyes estate may be desc 
ns perfectly for food in a natural way as sion of hills and valleys, 
farmers at the East do it by artificial means, there are large, level trai 
And this is more readily explained from the have been made over the 
entire absence of rains, the dryness of the carriage winds over the 1 
atmosphere, and the uniform temperature of the canyons the scenery is 
by the breezes of the Pacific, tbe temperature 
scarcely ever rises above 65° or sinks below 
50", while the average through the year is 
not far from 00 a . 
Bunch grass, wild oats, and other natural 
grasses, grow in great luxuriance, and are 
depended upon as pasture for stock. 
About 3,000 cows are in milk on the es¬ 
tate, anil they are divided up into twenty- 
one dairies, averaging about one hundred 
and fifty cows to each. The different, farms 
our best grazing season. From the first of or ranches are substantially fenced with red 
wood pickets six feet long, driven into the 
ground about six or eight inches apart, with 
a rail placed horizontally aliout two feet 
from the top, to which each picket is nailed. 
As there is no host here, these fences keep 
their position, and will stand without need¬ 
ing repair for twenty years. Generally, each 
jpe Apiarian. 
TO RAISE ITALIAN QUEENS. 
Clark Simpson, Flushing, Mich., tells, in 
Illustrated Bee Journal, how he raises Italian 
queens as follows: — “I make a box six 
inches square and rabbet the top, front and 
hack, and a good tight movable cover, and 
put in three or four frames, the top end 
longer, to hang on the rabbet, and a hole in 
the bottom for the bees to enter the minia¬ 
ture; the frames to have honey in, except 
the middle one, which must be dry comb; 
cut out a place in the center two inches long 
at. the top, and one and a-half inches long at 
ate is concerned—so ing repair lor twenty years. Generally, each the bottom, and one inch wide- cut a half lor salc will bring from fifty to sixty pel 
!e food and the nee- ranch has interior fences, dividing the land circle below that to give a passage through cent - More than strained honey. That tin 
rgrowing such food, into four fields. for the bees, and a better chance to cluster rael-extracted honey may he a success, is f 
the bee is able to change sweets to honey ; 
if not, the. sap and molasses that lie eats 
would not be honey in the comb.— John 
SMrrn, Erie Co ., Pa. 
IIow to Market Honey. 
D. W. QriNRY, New York City, writes 
the Bee Keepers’ Journal:—“ I have handled 
for years as great an amount of honey, and 
to as good an advantage, perhaps, as any 
one man, and my observation and experience 
have taught me this: to realize the greatest 
profit from honey, iet it come to the market 
in glass boxes of about four pounds each ; 
these packed securely in cases of fifty 
pounds, with glass and honey in plain sight, 
can be shipped any reasonable distance 
without material damage, and when offered 
for sale will bring from fifty to sixty per 
cent, more than strained honey. That the 
Mr. Howard states that he commenced around the eggs; cut a piece the the same 
improving his stock about the year 1858 by size that has eggs on both sides, and put, it. 
crossing common Eastern cows with two in the dry comb frame, and always put it. in 
thoroughbred Short-Horn hulls of good the center. Never attempt to raise a queen 
milking family brought from Vermont at a 
cost of $10,000. 
One of the Vermont bulls was an exceed¬ 
ingly fine one, and his stock proved to he 
excellent milkers. 
A year or two after, twenty-two head of 
Devon cattle were purchased and introduced 
among the herds. This breed did not prove 
satisfactory, and it was discarded, and in 
1865 he commenced again with the Sborl- 
Ilorns, raising annually one-fifth of the 
ral interest. Fruit trees of all kinds grow ca ' v(:K ' rorn tbe best cows. In this way the 
with great rapidity, and produce enormous- st°ck has been improved so that a good flow 
ly. But, at present, t he markets are limited milk is obtained. 
and the supply so much beyond consump- Hl*e *• fSiock influenced by the Surface 
tiou that there is no profit in fruit growing. 117 , «*l the Country. 
... . , . , h We have stated that the Point Reyes es- 
W« saw peach roes producing choice «. tote wts , )rokeD „ p inl0 J|„ , UHl 
tics of frail, (only nems, the hay from San vll „ M n, 0 hills almost approach 
Finnclsco, and where .la.ly transport of font dl ol - mo „„ Wo „. TUeir ^ , lr „ 
could he undo for a mere trifle,) that were r0 „ ndcd d0 al| , a „ 
paying .milling to lhe owner beyond afford- abra|)19urlace , but are of a Bl , m c iei ,t inch, 
mg ..... oi My me, Hie hilling fruit being nation to he readily readied in all llieir iiarts 
curled out lor that j>,,r|>ose. Tue product of b Mttle . Tbis „„eren surface requiring 
large nilpleorchards la,ita left toroton the theclhnhmgor hillsimd descent into valleys 
ground, or a portion only of the Iruit con- rat „ f f0 „ d bn8 „., d sU . 0 „ g , v ., 1Ml . liB , 
yertod into eider lor vinegar. influence on the sire and form of the stock. 
a. yuiil.in s can, |iei nips, ic made In The animals are quite small for Bhort-Horns, 
pay well for wine, •luce the climate and rail mld a pp„ t .„ Uy more active than is usual Id 
are so wonderfully adapted to grape culture that breed, showing, in a very marked de¬ 
ll,at crapes can be grown at ameretngmg Erec , w ,„ lt a controlUng influence the „,r- 
expense. face of a country has in moulding the form 
of animals. The sfcyk we found universally 
in line condition flesh, jmd in every 
a.nnltAAk aav-..-! • .-ALa. !_ _I ___ 1__1 i 1 “ 
ig food for swine, the falling fruit being ’ r ° a ^umciem men- wire doth, the mesh not large enough for a 
artedom tor that pnriXM. The product of ,“ y emk ‘ Thin'“ atK ““ **“ ^ ““ 
roiinil', or a ponioiionly oAh^tVuit con- thecllu ‘ h,ll « of am! descent into valleys “ i generally have a corn cob in each end 
kui turn in quest, of food, has had a strongly-marked f or qtnn iv>N nn<i n.,i 
cried into cider lor vlncirar, . , » . ,, , stoppers, anu put them in a miniature 
The vineyards can, perhaps, be made to " 1 | lh,enoc Biewssftand form of the stock, prepared for them, with plenty of bees and 
ay well for wine, siuee the climate and soil T anima,8 arequite SI ” nd (,r Bhort-Horns, i Jone y ) but no queeD( autl 8pace enough be- 
te so wonderfuli; adapted to grape culture I " T? ^ lwecn th<S franios aud to P«t iu the 
lat grapes can be grown at a mere trifling ree ^but a'coi'itndli'n^ inllun.ee't Iw 8 ur Uii1 ' Rre cnfied ' You cau in lljis 
**»*• SS’o?iSSiSrtbe S ;y? ecp ; 18 . M T y q,,ccn8 as y 0 U 1 >lc T in 
Tim liaruwtt Butter Dairy Ettmtc iu the of animals. The sp'ck we found universally llj e nuniatuie all summei; and when I pul 
World. in fine condition flesh, nnd in every 0, ie in a hive, first drive the bees out and 
But we set out to speak of some of the respect appeared toNir in vigorous health; find the queen and kill her, and then, if in 
question of time; it will certainly take a 
few years to introduce it, and its introduc- 
I ion may he made to the loss of parties con- 
the center. Never attempt to raise a queen c ®vned. __ 
only when drones are out. Put one quart of Gathering I’olleu. 
your bees in and a wire cloth over the hole, J. H. Thomas, in Toronto Globe, says : 
and then it is ready for the eggs; after put- “Pollen, or bee-bread, is gathered by the 
ting them in the work is done. workers, and is carried in the cavities on 
“ I then put my miniature or what I make their legs in small pellets. This is deposited 
into my wngon, generally late in the after- in llie cells for food for the larva}, and when 
noon, and carry them two miles from home, the cell is nearly filled it is covered with 
and scL them about forty rods apart and take honey, thought by some to keep it moist. I 
the wire cloth off and let the bees out; they am inclined to doubt this, however, but 
find they arc queenless, and have the mft- think rather that such cells are filled with 
terial and commence at once to raise them a honey in order to utilize all available space 
queen; they generally start several and in the hive for storing honey. Parties wish- 
somelimes not. any ; I leave them three or ing to observe the bees in the act of gatlicr- 
four days, tack on the wire cloth after dark ing pollen cau do so in early spring by 
and fetch them home; and fifteen or sixteen placing in the neighborhood of the hives 
days from the time I give them eggs a per- dishes of flour or meal of any kind; attract- 
fect queen comes out, and when six or seven ing lhe bees to the dishes by placing a little 
days old she goes out to meet the drone; honey in the dish on a piece of comb. The 
and when she lays, which is generally two pollen gatherers will lie seen to light on the 
or three days after impregnation, I put her flour or meal, first, moisten it, and then gatli- 
in a Cage about three inches long, made of eriug it upon their legs, collect it Into pellets 
dairy lands visited, and perhaps a brief de¬ 
scription of the Howard A Shaftkk Ranche 
will he of interest. This is probably the largest 
hutter dairy estate in the world. It is at 
least the largest which has come under our 
immediate observation, whether in this coun¬ 
try or in Europe. 
hut the smallness in size was a point of in¬ 
terest to us, as showing how animals bred 
for several generations in a hilly country 
gradually adapt themselves to the surfaces 
over which they are compelled to travel in 
quest of food. 
It seemed to us that the Ayshires were the 
kind of cattle bent adapted to ill is locality, 
' a i .i „ .. and we strongly advised an infusion of this 
Home general idea ol its extent may ho strain of blood among the herds of Point 
gathered from the fact that it has a coast Reyes. 
range of fifty miles, and contains seventy- 
live thousand acres. About one hundred 
miles offence have been erected on this estate 
at a cost of $400 per mile, which alone, it 
will be seen, amounts to $40,000. It is locat¬ 
ed in Marin county, at Point Reyes. 
Marin county lies directly north of San 
Francisco and the Golden Gate. At. the 
northwest point of the county TomalisBay, 
a long, narrow body of water, extends south- 
Reyes. 
Hyni t-ui ol Renin In. 
The management of so large an estate is 
not without difficulties. Recently Mr. How¬ 
ard has introduced a system of rentals, 
which relieves the proprietors from a vasi 
amount of care and vexation. With the ex¬ 
ception of what is termed the “ Home 
Ranche,” all the places are rented at a fixed 
rate per cow. The general features of this 
rental are as followsi—The landlord furnishes 
land, cows and buildings, making the rent at 
$30 per cow. The tenant is required to 
a box hive, put the caged queen hi lhe cen- u,uled 1,1 the dilieroul articles. Starch dis- 
ter of the comb and about four or five solved in .water and boiled with three per cent, 
inches above the bottom, and press the comb ol i,fi own we 'ftbt of sulphuric acid is con- 
againstitso as to hold it, and put the bees ver le(l into dextrine—a thick, semi-inmspar- 
back and leave for thirty-six or forty hours; ont duld ' and 11 ,,U! boiling is continued, the 
then liberate her, and all is well. dextrine becomes sugar. An addition of 
“There are other ways, but this is the bine in some form to the water in which the 
safest way, not liable to so many accidents SU S IU ‘ held in solution, throws down the 
in losses of queens. I find if I put a queen acld 1,11,1,0 film l )e ol sulphate of lime; then, 
on the wing, hovering an Inch or two above 
the dish. The same operation may be seen 
by watching the bees that are working in 
the pumpkin blossoms, which yield an 
abundance of pollen.” 
Cheap and Easy Honey. 
Under this head the Chicago Post has 
the following: — “Starch is the basis of 
sugar, alcohol and uectic acid (vinegar.) The 
four substances have the same constituents, 
the difference between them being in the 
proportion iu which these constituents are 
united in the different articles. Starch dis¬ 
solved in water and boiled with three percent, 
of its own weight of sulphuric acid is con¬ 
verted into dextrine—a thick, semi-transpar¬ 
ent fluid, and if the boiling is continued, the 
dextrine becomes sugar. An addition of 
lime in some form to the water in which the 
sugar is held in solution, throws down the 
pod in a miniature or a hive, the bees will 
invariably destroy them, or the most of them; 
and if I want t.o save them, which is an 
item to the apiarist, who raises queens, 1 put 
them iu a cage and put them iu the sufest 
place iu miniature.” 
-♦-*-*- 
BEE NOTES AND QUERIES. 
auce in the map of projecting into the 
ocean. Now, by extending a line in a south- about one hundred and eighty pounds of 
easterly direction from TomalisBay toward butter per cow, which is sent to San Fran- 
Sau Francisco, so as to give a strip of coon- cisco, and commands from thirty-three to 
try on the east coast of Sir Francis Drake’s thirty-fi ve cents per pound. 
Bay, we have on the west of this line and Quality of Butter, 
bounded by the two hays and the ocean the The butter made at Point Reyes is good, 
famous Point Revs Raiiche and deft l urs M Ban Francisco informed us 
.. ' ' ‘' ' that it was the best that was brought into 
Dn Monday, August 1, in company with that market. The texture, when well made, 
Mr. Frank 1), Curtis of the Troy Times is exceedingly fine, being more waxy in its 
and Judge Noyes of the Massachuset ts consistency "than much ofThe butter of New 
Ploughman, we left the Occidental Hotel, , With the same skill as that exercised 
tiv. , , ’ m the butter factories ol Orange county, we 
r> U t- 1 ?‘ U1CU1C0 ' a,u cr0BSed tbe bay to San should say that the very finest fancy product 
Rafael, where we were met by Charles could be obtained. The low, even tempera- 
Webb Howard, Esq., one of the proprietors turn of tbe climate favors the obtaining of 
of the ranche. Here Mr. Howard had i.ro- Milk iu the best possible condition. The 
nmu, cows anu uuuumgs, matung me rent at The Honey Season iu 0..oi.«lu„n Go., N. Y 
. , . . $3° P er cow. Tbe tenant is required to tw omterm m 4 i,; 0 . . , , £ 
ward, and is nearly met. by Sir Francis raise one-fifth of the calves, and build or keep 1 he seasou in this county lms been first- 
D hake’s Bay pushing northward. This in repair certain fences, the landlord furnish- ra ^ e the best for many years. The Syracuse 
makes a neck ofland, which has the appear- ij) 8 llie Material. All implements of lms- market is well supplied with pure honey. 
- ... .. - . . . bandry and dairy utensils are furnished by Last year was a very poor year for bees • 
the tenant. The dairies on an average, make hut very little honey iu the market; many 
imp nmi Pterinvr nnnnrlQ ff-»f . ^ > J 
vided a carriage and four, with the noted 
linesman, Olin, to drive us over the 
country to tbe ranclie, distant from San 
Rafael some twenty miles. Tbe coun¬ 
try through which we passed before 
reaching the ranche was exceedingly in¬ 
teresting. For some distance the road 
winds through a red wood forest, where im¬ 
mense trees of lowering bight are on either 
side of our path, and lhe like of which in 
monstrous proportions we had never before 
seeu. At noon we “ picnicked ” under one 
of these giants of the forest, where a rude 
table a dozen or more feet long barely occu¬ 
pied one side of tbe tree. 
Tbe character of country over the Point 
bees starved through tbe winter; but those 
that survived have done remarkably well, 
many hives sending out a swarm and stor¬ 
ing up from twenty to forty pounds of pure 
cap honey, I have never known them to do 
better.—A. Willson. 
llouey Crop nt West Rutland, Vt. 
The first part of the season was very fa¬ 
vorable in this section for collecting honey 
and for the improvement of weak colonies; 
quite a large quantity of honey was stored. 
About the 15th of July I took fifty-four 
pounds of surplus honey from one hive; 
another had stored thirty pounds, besides 
water is soft and pure, and the feed is said to anotlier 1,afl stored thirty pounds, besides 
he sweet and free from plants that give a sending out a swarm. Since that time, on 
taint to milk. 
The Dairies, 
We visited quite a number of dairies, trav¬ 
eling, in all, nearly a hundred miles over the 
estate. The dwellings are neat and substan¬ 
tial, each place provided with dairy house, 
corrals for inclosing cattle, and sheds and 
barns for storing fodder. The cows are 
milked in the open yard, and the milkers 
empty the milk into a receptacle outside the 
building, from whence it is strained and flows 
into u receiving cau iu the milk room. From 
this it. is drawn through a faucet into pans, 
which are immediately set upon the racks. 
Water, either conducted by pipes from 
springs, or pumped into reservoirs, is in the 
account of the drouth, very little honey has 
been gathered. One of my swarms, which 
barely lived through the winter, being much 
reduced by disease, has now become as strong 
as tbe others and is storing surplus honey. 
Most of the honey that has been collected 
is of superior quality.—E. II. Boakdman, 
July 38, 1870. 
Do Bern Gather or Make Honey. 
I see in the Rural New-Yorker of July 
30th, page 75, the question asked, “ Do bees 
gather or make honey f’ I do not like the 
answer to this question. In this section we 
t&uit, ti uozen oi moic xeei long oaieiy occu- Water, either conducted by pipes from gather or make honey ?” Ido not like the 
pied one side of tbe tree. springs, or pumped into reservoirs, is in the answer to this question. In this section we 
The character of country over the Point make sugar from maple trees; the bees are 
Reyes estate may be described as a succes- ^ a|u1 ^Ttiticlal heat is more frequent- alwa .vs our companions, when it is warm 
31011 ot lull ‘ i atK * valleys. In some places ly required in the milk rooms limn too high enough fur them to fly. gathering honey 
tlieic ate large, level tracts. Good roads a temperature results from natural causes, from sap and eatiug molasses as greedily as 
luvc been iuaiIc over tlic mid as tlics ^ 1 stiw tbti process of biittci niAkln^ in nil piirs do 11 ill Ic I linvc seen bees cut drops of 
carriasc wiutla ova,- the Mila and through to^rhTmLv he molasses two-thirds as big aa lltethsel,™ and 
the canyons the aconery ts moat picturesque fllfflcicnt give the reader some’general % away to their home. I have kept young 
anu cnarimng. 1 ue climate here is most iilea as to Mm manner in wiiinit Gniifiimia swanns that were short of honey by feeding 
molasses. Now I am of the opinion that 
the climate. Evidently iu case of, he bunch and charming. The climate here h moa, Idra ^to th!'maZr hSTcitoS 
grass \n Inch glows in dense tufts, the diy delightfully cool and re fresh ing. Fanned dairies are managed.—[To be continued. 
aft er purification and furl her boiling, a hand¬ 
some, very light brown sirup—a real grape 
sugar, not as sensibly sweet as cane sugar, 
but pleasant to the taste and grateful to the 
digestion—is the result. This, put into glass 
jars in which are strips of honeycomb, is 
ver 3 r extensively sold as honey, all over the 
country, and such, in fact, tbe mixture is iu 
look and flavor both. We are glad to say 
that this “ honey,” unlike most factitious 
food, is not injurious lo consumers in any 
way, though it is a shameful fraud on the 
bees.” 
The Honey Crop at West Groton, N. Y. 
D. H. C\, Jr., writes, July 35 :—“ Bees died 
off by tbe wholesale lust winter and spring. 
From one-half lo two-thirds of the bees that 
were alive last fall were dead by the first of 
May, and all, or nearly all, for tbe want of 
llie proper knowledge how to take care of 
them, and, perhaps, a will to put. the knowl¬ 
edge in practice where it was possessed. 
Bees arc doing well in this section tbis 
season—what few there are left. We are 
managing our bees according to the im¬ 
proved system of bee culture taught by L. 
L. Langstrotu and other practical apiari¬ 
ans, and find it jxiys well. We have Italian 
bees, and find them far superior to the black 
or native bees. We are using the ‘Mel-ex- 
tractor’ in obtaining honey. From one 
Italian swarm we have got two swarms, and 
eighty-five pounds of extracted honey front 
the two swarms, and the}' have got seventy- 
five pounds of comb honey in the hives now. 
The old hive is full of honey, and some in 
the boxes on the hive. We got the eighty- 
five pounds of honey, as above, in about 
twenty-one days. We have other bees that 
have done nearly as well. 
Vicious* Italians. 
“I do not find the Italian bees as vicious 
as represented by a correspondent in the 
Rural New-Yorker of July 3. I think 
his queen must have been a hybrid or a 
cross between tbe black and Italian. I find 
that tbe hybrids are much erosser than the 
pure Italians. 
“ Tlie Brimstone Prncti 
is followed here, to a considerable extent, in 
order to obtain surplus honey ; and without 
any reason on the part of those committing 
such wholesale slaughter of bees, except that 
their fathers did so.” 
it* 
