vine, but by diminishing the proportions of 
the root. 
Nowhere is the benefit of wide planting, 
high training, and long pinning better un¬ 
derstood than at Naples Valley, at the head 
of Canandaigua Lake, where one hillside is 
covered with a thousand acres of 
tnrmtrb 
Artarmrlfiirr 
growth, or even the last season's, may be 
cut away if the plant is too tall lor the room 
w here it is to be stored. Severe pruning 
^'ill not injure, but usually assist growth 
another year and increase the number of 
the sand may be sifted out and the seeds 
planted. Care should be taken that they 
aie not exposed too long to the drying air, 
especially if they have sprouted. Peach’ 
and cherry stones, and nuts of all kinds, 
must be put in the sand as soon as they are 
gathered, or be planted where they are to 
grow. Nuts, if allowed to dry, cannot be 
made to vegetate at all.” 
THE AMERICAN GRAPE VINE 
Observations us to its Treatment in 
TRANSPLANTING EVERGREENS. 
\ou would oblige many of your readers 
by informing them of the best time to set 
out Hemlock, Norway Spruce, Arbor Vitae 
and Balsam trees. They would like not only 
to know the best time, but whether they can 
be set out safely at any other time. It has 
been said that they will do better when they 
grape 
vines. None of the early vineyards planted 
there were less than twelve feet distant from 
each other in either direction, and even this 
distance lias had to be enlarged in some in¬ 
stances, in order to keep up the fruitfulness 
of the vines. Hon. E. B. Pottj.f., au ex- 
WHITE THORN SEEDLINGS, &c. 
X, at Oskaloosa, Iowa, writes: — “Can 
you, or any of your contributors, tell me the 
best way of raising white thorn and honey 
locust plants, for hedges? I am not satis- 
laricttlturr 
OCTOBER HINTS 
There 
is much work yet to he done, not 
only among our garden beds, but iu prepar¬ 
ing for the Window Garden, which, when 
the dark days come, will prove a light to 
our eyes and a joy to our hearts. Nightly 
we dread the approach of King Frost, but 
iiis blighting lingers can be prevented from 
blackening our darlings by giving timely 
shelter. Dahlias, Geraniums, Heliotropes, 
etc., can be sheltered with old rugs, shawls, 
waterproof;" indeed, any slight coveriug 
! will shield them — and after three frosty 
nights, there usually comes a pleasant rain, 
and then sunny days, and we can preserve 
our pets a considerable time longer. But 
all tender plants, young cuttings, etc., that 
aie desired to he kept in a growing state all 
winter should be placed inside the window 
immediately, as an hour’s frost would be fatal 
to them. 
Chrysn ut bcni ii in*. 
Large specimens of the Chinese Chrysan¬ 
themum, growing i:v the open ground, can 
now ho layered to produce small, pet plants 
for the window. Select the strong, central 
shoots for this purpose; and as the stems 
are exceedingly brittle, it is well to peg 
down the shoots the whole length along the 
ground, and only notch or slightly twist the 
.yjuumi an acre 01 Isabella vines 
Ion feet apart, taking pains to enrich the 
gravelly soil of his place by putting manure 
under each root. His crop of klndiing wood 
each year for a quarter of a century, has 
been enormous; but as for grapes, the pro¬ 
duct for ten years, made into wine, would 
never excite apprehensions of danger io the 
morals of the people, in the breast of I lie most 
ardent advocate of' total abstinence. This 
spring lie took out every other vino, and the 
remainder having an opportunity to extend 
on the trellis, he has on each one now grow- 
iug, t wenty feet apart, from fifty to seven!,y- 
li ve pounds of grapes. As a contrast to this, 
1 will add that Mr. Fay, in another vine¬ 
yard planted in the same soil, not fifteen 
rods distant, but which had no fertilizing 
material added, has always had good crops, 
though the vines were planted only eight 
feet apart in the rows. Mr. Kyckman of 
this place has removed alternate vines this 
year with a similar success. 
1 might add mauy other instances going 
to illusUate the fact that nature, to produce 
the best results in grape culture, must be al¬ 
lowed to preserve the proportions -which 
naturally exist between root and vine and 
foliage. It is this natural balance which we 
should endeavor to maintain, and never to 
unduly disturb. Cut olf a large proportion 
of (lie roots of a thrifty, vigorous vine, and 
thus deprive it of its needed supply of soil 
nourishment, and it. will languish unless the 
vine lias been printed to correspond. Cut 
down in winter, pruning the ripened wood 
to spurs, or attempt, by severe cutting back, 1 
to keep an ambitious vine within Its last s 
year’s proportions, and it will not cease its s 
efforts to restore the balance which it knows i 
should exist between the root below' and the 1 
wood above ground. And, spending its f 
efforts in making w'ood, in order to bring n 
the vine to its natural proportions, we can- u 
nave their full spring coat and color on— 
which is, in this climate, about the middle 
of May or the first of June. I think the 
first of May, or even the middle of April, a 
better time. Am 1 right? 1 had great suc¬ 
cess with about fifiy evergreens which 1 set 
out about the middle of April; but the work 
was done with great care, and I lie soil was 
taken front tlu* woods. Every one of them 
lived and grew rapidly. But what 1 most 
want to know is whether I can safely trans¬ 
plant these trees in the fall and winter, and 
whether it is safe to remove such trees at all 
after they have reached a bight of eight or 
ten feci ? 1 have looked through all my 
books on horticulture, agriculture, and mag- 
lied with the Osage Orange. 
I should like 
to have information from one who has ex¬ 
perience.” 
The seeds of the White Thorn should be 
gathered in the fall, and placed in what the 
nurserymen call a “rot heap,” ?.<?., mixed 
with peaty soil or leaf mold and then left in 
the open air where it will freeze and thaw’ 
during winter and spring. As a rule, the 
seeds will not grow the first year, and we 
| usually leave them in the rot-heap until the 
autumn of the second year, at which time 
they should bo sown in drills and covered 
• me or two inches deep with fine soil. The 
following spring the seeds will germinate, 
unless their vitality lias been previously in¬ 
jured. The above applies only to the vari¬ 
ous species of Gratoym, known also by 
many common names such as white thorns, 
hawthorns, thorn apples, &c. 
Having told how to grow the seedlings, 
w e must now add that white thorn hedges 
are not worth the growing anywhere in this 
country, as they arc very liable to he at- 
he sunk to its rim in the soil to receive the 
layei. Fasten it securely into the pot .with 
a hair-pin; press the soil firmly about it; 
wet it well, and cover the surface with 
or a bit of grass sod 
ened. When 
is growing finely, cut off the 
tween it and the 
“layer 
for a few' day 
moss 
Keep it all well moist- 
you can see that the “ layer ” 
connection lie- 
parent plant, and pot the 
in a five-inch pot, keeping it shaded 
ys. Chrysanthemums are gross 
feeders, and flourish luxuriantly when freely 
supplied with liquid manure; but as we de¬ 
sire to produce small plants—dwarfs, in fact 
—vve should not apply any stimulating liquid 
until the buds appear; then give it three 
times a week, and you will have most charm¬ 
ing plants, filled with lovely flowers, which 
will last till the New' Year. 
Many of our readers doubtless number 
among their friends those who possess large 
gardens, with every variety of Chrysaiilhe- 
mtun, and who would esteem it but a slight 
favor to allow them to make layers from 
their large plants; a little labor would eive 
strip them of leaves, aud the apple tree borer 
(•'■>dpcrcUt bmttatd) finds a most agreeable re¬ 
treat among the stems of a closely planted 
hedge. 
1 he honey locust, (GUdituchyi trican tho# 
<>i three-lhorncd acacia, is a far better plant 
for hedges than the white thorn. It is readi¬ 
ly propagated from seeds sown in autumn 
or very early in spring. If the seeds are 
kept until spring before sowing, they should 
be mixed with sand in the fall and placed in 
a cellar or buried in the open ground during 
winter, for if allowed to get very dry, they 
sometimes fail to germinate. 
ARBORICULTURAL NOTES. 
Forest Tree Seed. 
A correspondent at. Owatonna, Minn. 
writes:—' 1 Will you, or some of your nunier- 
ous correspondents, tell me how, and when, 
to plant locust seed, both black aud honey ] 
and where to obtain the seed ? Also, where 
I can obtain a book that treats on tlie’propa- 
gation of American forest trees ?” 
Freshly gathered locust, seed, if sown 
this fall, will sprout next spring, aud grow 
as readily as oats or corn. The seed can be 
given a slight protection 
uuveruse in our columns. The “Forest 
Tree Guitarist,” named in our book list, will 
probably give you the information desired. 
Preparing: Locust nnd oilier Hard-Shelled 
Seeds for PluttriuK. 
The editor of the Rural World is a nur¬ 
seryman, and we could not say what he says 
hi tter" All seeds, like the common locust 
Osage orange, apple, &c, are best prepared 
lor planting by being mixed in the full or 
early winter, with sand in the proportion of 
two or three parts of the latter to one of the 
former, and placed in boxes four or six 
inches deep, and kept moist and exposed to 
the frost during winter, but should be pro¬ 
tected from the rats, mice and fowls. At 
the proper time of plaining in the spring, 
winter to keep it from freezing. It stands 
on the south side of our house and east side 
ol the wood bouse. Have always had it in 
the house before; but if it can be kept out 
doors I would like to do so.”— n. y. 
Ip the plant is considered of much value 
ive would not risk it, during winter in the 
opeu ground, even if well protected. It. 
might be bent down and covered with soil 
and leaves; lint in such a position, water 
will usually rot the young, succulent 
branches if not the whole plant. There is 
no safer method of keeping Oleanders du¬ 
ring winter than the common one of placing 
in a dry, light collar, or in a conservatory. 
All the young branches of this year’s 
