mmm 
EXCELSIOR 
no PER YEAR, 
t siiiiilo Att., Kijjln Cents 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCT, U, 1870 
I Knierert according to Act of COnKreas. til the year 1H70, by l>. I). T. Moo Kit, in the otlice of the Librarian of Cointreau, at Washington.! 
acres of this is owned by the Ann, and the 
balance rented. Much of the land of the 
firm is very valuable—over one hundred 
acres arc in thceity, which is closely built up 
to it, and all of it on the city borders; the 
average would probably not be short of 
$1,000 per acre. Rented land costs from 
$15 to $25 per acre per year; much of the 
land is underdrained at an expense of $40 
to $50 per acre. 
So, if we take the value of this nursery 
land and of the stock growing upon it, even 
at a low figure, the investment assumes 
large proportions, and the necessity for good 
management becomes apparent. 
How flip NnrMiry It Divided. 
The land is occupied by the various de¬ 
partments about as follows:—Fruit trees, 
four hundred acres—of which, say one hun¬ 
dred and fifty acres are npples, one hundred 
and fifty pears, thirty plums, thirty cherries, 
thirty peaches and other fruits, ten currants, 
strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, &c., 
six grapes. In ornamental trees, shrubs, &c., 
one hundred and twenty acres—of which 
fifty are deciduous trees, sixteen evergreens, 
nine acres roses, the balance herbs, plants, 
bulbs, ifcc. Specimen fruit and ornamental 
trees, twenty-live acres; lawn, &c„, four 
acres; vineyard, and bearing small fruits, 
thirty acres. 
Description of tin* Grounds. 
'Ulie home grounds consist, of a tract of 
level land, about one humired acreH, in the 
south part of the city of Rochester, between 
two of the principal avenues. The Alt. 
Hope avenue front, where the business office 
In the State of New York alone, there 
must he 5,000 or 0,000 acres under nursery 
culture, and the annual sales cannot, he 
short, we think, of $2,000,000. In this we 
do not include the products of green-houses 
in cities, which must amount to a large sum. 
Large nurseries are springing up through all 
the States, even to the remotest borders. 
Regarding the rise, progress and present 
condition of this business in our country, as 
a matter of much interest to the readers of 
lids Journal, we propose to give a brief ac¬ 
count of some of the largest nursery estab¬ 
lishments. We commence with 
The Mount Hope Nttvaerie* of Ellwnnger «V 
Hurry. Ro oh enter, N. V., 
the pioneer in this line, on it large scale. 
This establishment was founded in 1888 by 
the senior proprietor, and in 1840 the present 
copartnership of Et.LWANOKiut Harry was 
formed. The grounds then covered eight 
acres—the ground where Mr. Barry's resi¬ 
dence now stands. The land at that early 
day—thirty years ago, cost upwards of $800 
per acre. Mount Hope Cemetery had just, 
been opened. In looking over a file of the 
old catalogues, we find that in 1818 they had 
fourteen acres; in 1840, twenty-throe acres; 
in 1850, eighty acres; in 1858, two hundred 
acres; and in 1850, or on the completion of 
the twentieth year, five hundred acres. At 
present, 1870, nix hundred and fifty acres are 
occupied, of which eighty to one hundred 
are in farm crops or fallow, in a state of 
preparation for nursery crops, and fifty acres 
of new ground are ready for next, spring's 
planting. Between four and five hundred 
and plant houses are situated, is mainly oc¬ 
cupied with specimen trees, fruit and orna¬ 
mental lawn, *&e. The specimen fruit grounds 
contain some 1,500 varieties of fruits, and 
the ornamental is equally extensive in pro¬ 
portion. 
The Business Office, (see building near 
center of engraving,) is a handsome building 
in the Tudor Gothic style, designed by the 
well known, accomplished architect, A. J. 
Davis of New York. It was built some 
fifteen years ago. The lawn around it is 
kept in the best style, is richly ornamented 
with rare trees ami shrubs, and, in the sum¬ 
mer season, is one of the chief attractions of 
Rochester. 
Grnss Walk mol lledires. 
Stretching through the specimen grounds, 
from the lawn which surrounds the office 
and plant, houses, is a green walk, 1,200 feet, 
or about one-fourth of a mile in length, and 
ten feet wide, kept as a summer promenade 
for visitors. On either side is a border twelve 
feet wide, planted partly with rare ever 
greens, and partly with flowering plants of 
great variety, beginning with the Bpring 
Bulbs, followed by a succession of bedding 
plants that keep it interesting until the fVosts 
of autumn. 
Behind these borders arc specimen hedges 
of many kinds—Spruce, Hemlock. Arbor 
Vital, Beech, Hornbeam, Privet,, AI ah on is, 
Deut/.ia, Spirea, &c. Close, to the plant 
houses are a series of compartments, in¬ 
closed by high arbor vitrn hedges,in which 
green-house plants are kept in summer, and 
lender plants protected in winter. 
Unildiinrs Erected Dwelling*. 
On the north or city side of the grounds 
a street has been laid out, called Cypress 
street, which Et.T/WANGER & Baury have 
built up with sixty-three collages of taste¬ 
ful design and construction, besides others 
more cosily on the main avenue, making 
the whole number over seventy, and costing 
upwards of $120,000. 
Most of those houses have been sold to 
their employes and others at about cost, 
adding the price of land, and on the most 
accommodating terms of payment. 
How the In Dlnmiaeil. 
The management of this large business is 
greatly simplified by the division and subdi¬ 
vision of the work—thus; There is a gen¬ 
eral out-door foreman, who advises with and 
aids the proprietors in the general direction 
of the work, with assistants as follows:— 
One for the fruit trees; one for grapes and 
small fruits; one who has general charge of 
the ornamental department; one who has 
special charge of the roses; one of ever¬ 
greens; one of herbaceous plants and bulbs; 
one for the teams and team work, who has 
also charge of the farming operations, and 
one who oversees the laborers in large gangs. 
Each of these men is held responsible 
for his own charge. This is one of the 
advantages of a large establishment. Each 
department is large enough to justify the 
appointment of a special head over it, who 
acquires a skill and expertness in the per¬ 
formance of Ids duties, which would not he 
possible for those who are at one thing to¬ 
day and another to-morrow.—[Bee page 278. 
jJntrMStrial ([optes 
AMERICAN NURSERIES.—I, 
Wliorn (lie Troon. Shrub* nml Plnutu tor 
Orchards nml Ornuiiioiitiil I'lniitiua come 
from. 
Thu growth of the nursery business in the 
United States during the past, twenty-five 
years is an important and highly interesting 
feature in our National Progress. It shows 
that, amidst all the excitements of war, the 
growth of cities, the extension of railroads 
and telegraphs, and the wonderful progress 
of Agricultural, Mechanical and Alamifae- 
turing industry, our people have not wholly 
neglected the orchard and the garden—the 
comforts and embellishments of home. 
Until about the year 1840 the nurseries of 
the United Slates were comparatively few, 
far apart, and of very limited extent. 
Prince's nurseries at Flushing, and Kk.n- 
iiick’s at. Boston, were almost the only ones 
that enjoyed more than a local reputation 
and trade. These, although small compared 
with many of our modern establishments, 
were known all over this country as well as 
in Europe ai that day. Ft fly acres then was 
regarded as a large nursery ; now, five hun¬ 
dred is scarcely called large. Trees that 
were then grown by hundreds are now 
grown by millions. A wholesale nursery 
catalogue was then not to be seen, and per¬ 
haps was not thought, of; now, hundreds ot 
nurseries issue them annually and semi¬ 
annually. 
A VIEW OF MOUNT HOPE NURSERIES, ROCHESTER, N. Y.-BUSINESS OFFICE, GREEN-HOUSES, Etc. 
