those living uoar tlio sea, I would recommend 
the cultivation of salmon. They can bo kept in 
fresh water runs nml (d reams until one year old, 
and then bo allowed to no to sea. Three-fourllia 
will return in a year, averaging tlvo pounds 
each, and if allowed to return again to sou, will 
oomo back to the stream or pond where they 
were spawn, weighing front toil to fifteen pounds 
each, and at no cost for raising. In the construc¬ 
tion of all runs or fish preserves, ono-tenth of 
the length is a good guide for width, and the 
form should bn an elongated oval. A. cigar is a. 
good miniature model. A void, above all tilings, 
Spreading a small amount of water over a largo 
area. It is desirable that the water alum Id sweep 
through the entire breadth of t he run. One luoli 
to six inches in depth for fish one year old, and 
two foot to five feet for the older fish, are good 
depths for the construction of I he runs. If you 
are at the head ol' the stream, or have a spring 
or a brook that Is not. liable to freshets nr bo 
soiled, it will be more economical to dam the 
brook. Hapldlty of growth depends upon tho 
quantity and frequency with which they aro 
fed. The expense of raising trout on curd whero 
thorn is good mil oral feeding Is twenty Guilts per 
pound. Tho wholesale price In tho New York 
market is ninety cents per pound. 
In reply, Dr. Ckowbll said there was as much 
humbug and swindling practiced in sending out 
trout spawn, as in tho nursery business sending 
Out plants. A great many spawn have I icon dis¬ 
tributed over the country that wero not Impreg¬ 
nated at all. No man should buy spawn in which 
the form oT the fish, mid the heart ami blood 
vessels In the ova aro tl0t visible to the naked 
eye. Tho nearer spawn is to hutching t, ho bettor 
It bears transportation, cliango of temporal ore, 
and the greater the certainly that profit will re¬ 
sult from It. Mr. Fuller Imd hoard a great deal 
of talk of fish culture for IHteen years; and 
knows the spawn havo boon sold all over tho 
country; but lias any one grown Jlsh to sell? 
Dr. Crowell replied, Yog. There aro persons 
on Long Island who derive good incomes from 
tho salo of fish of their own raising. 
SctipperiHUig Grape*. A basket of this grape, 
received front North Carolina at theofliee of t he 
Hu Hal New-Yorker, was exhibited by Mr. Ful- 
IiKii, and distributed among members, that they 
might Judge of its merits, Brother Crandall, 
the handsome young man with Italian eyes, of 
the World, says the critical Commander of the 
Club said concerning this grape, (wodld not hear 
him,) u Tho skius would do well as taps for chil¬ 
dren’s shoos." 
Carbolic Hoop for Insects. — J, D. MITCHELL, 
Now Smyrna, Fla., had 500 orange trees in tested 
with scale Insects, nud used, on recommendation 
of tho Club, carbolic soap to expel them. Tho 
insects *’ skedaddled," but came again. Wants 
to know if there is any application that will pre¬ 
vent them corning again, or whether lie must 
renew the application of carbolic, lie was ad¬ 
vised to do what. all subscribers to the Rural 
New-Yorker tire doing umJ going lo do—" ro¬ 
ne w." 
inches, light and air being thus excluded, 
the young shoots will become blanched as 
they grow through the covering. Another 
method is by covering the crowns in the 
open ground with cans made for the pur¬ 
pose, or largo inverted flower pots, where 
cans cannot he had; then covering tho 
whole with several feet of heating material, 
such as leaves, stable manure, etc., thus both, 
blanching and forcing at the same time. 
Another method is by transplanting tho 
crowns into some frame, hot-lied or forcing- 
pit, the requisite covering for blanching al¬ 
ways being attended to under all circum¬ 
stances. 
iscussums 
arhrnrr 
Icricultxtrr 
AMERICAN INST. FARMERS’ CLUB 
GROWING ONION SEED 
ORNAMENTAL GRASSES. 
Plants with light, graceful foliage, are 
every year becoming more popular. The 
beautiful, feather-like fronds of our hardy 
ferns w ould add considerably to the charms 
of many a garden where such common, but 
valuable plants are seldom or never seen. 
But to complete a picture of the highest 
order, we need a greater variety ol colors, 
and even lighter touches, and more graceful 
peucilings than are furnished by the numer¬ 
ous species of ferns, we arc therefore com¬ 
pelled to copy nature, and bring in the grass¬ 
es as the finishing strokes to our canvas. 
A smooth, well-kept lawn is the ground¬ 
work of a beautiful garden, and when the 
:s of grasses are planted, 
Notes of Discussions, Extracts from Let¬ 
ters, dtc. 
Tomatoes til Indiana. II. (J. POLLOCK. War¬ 
saw, lufi.. writes:— 1 “ During tho past season T 
tried the experiment of trluimiuna few of my 
tomato plants soon after the fruit, begun to set. 
Tho most of tho fruit 011 plants thut wero trim¬ 
med began to rot before it was fully ripe; while 
on plants not, trimmed all ripened in a sound 
condition. Among a number of sorts which I 
have, only three aro worth mentioning—Lester's 
Perfected, good size, smooth, but not solid ! 
u new sort, called here the Grant, I believe 
to he the Tllden, early, smooth and solid. 
On eighteen 
Last spring I planted a small patch of 
onions to raise seed from; and I have been 
told that it is, or has been, the practice in 
some parts of this (New York) Stale to let 
the old stools stand in the ground and raise 
seed from the same, year after year. Now, 
I would much like to know, through the 
Ruuai. New-Yorker, whether such second 
or third crops of seed w ill lie good and relia¬ 
ble, assuming that good seed stock has been 
used at the start, li would bean easy matter 
to test it practically, hut it would take two 
years, and I would like to know sooner than 
that.—A. HakkisoN. 
Your, question is a very important otic, 
and should have been directly and definitely 
answered in every work on garden vegeta¬ 
bles; but, unfortunately, it is not. We have 
consulted tho works of move than twenty 
different authors, who pretend to tell all 
about onion-growing, but not a word is said 
about growing two or more crops ot seed 
from the same bulb. Wo would not advise 
any one to try the experiment of taking 
more than one crop from the same bulbs, 
because the tendency is to degenerate, and 
the seed of the second would certainly lie 
We know it is clone, 
second only to the Trophy, 
plants of tho latter I hml the nicest lot of 
tomatoes I ever saw; they lire early, huge, 
smooth uud very solid. And now 1 would 
Jilie to ask tho Club: How near lo each 
other can tho different, varieties ol' tho to¬ 
mato grow without mixing?" Mr. Fullf.ii 
said that some sorts do not seem to mix as 
easily as others, and even If planted quite 
near to each other, do not hybridize. Oth¬ 
ers, if within Ihirty rods of each other, mix. 
A good deal deponds upon tho number and 
kind of insects appearing during the season. 
f Some insects that carry pollen do not visit 
/ tho tomato at alt, while nthors do. If those 
f latter aro present during the blooming sea¬ 
son, ihey may mix the pollen or ono flower 
with that or another, though the plants 
arc a long distance apart. Dr. Tiumule 
had grown tomatoes many yours, different 
varieties side by side iti tho sumo garden, 
and had noticed no hybridizing. 
Government Land* IMr Stock Growing. A 
correspondent at, Oswego, N. Y., informs 
the Club that he has 15,000 which ho Is ready 
to Invest in stock growing on Government 
lands, and asks where ho shall go. Wants a 
warm elimate. Mr. Heaiie had made up 
Ills mind that Southern Iowa is tho best, 
stock country on the Continent, having tho 
advantages of forage of good quality, plenty 
of it, ubuudunco of water, uiild, short win¬ 
ters, good grain lauds and accessible to 
market. The Commander of the Club com¬ 
mended the Indian lands of Kansas, recent- 
lyputon the market. Dr. Smith thought 
there would havo to bo too much winter 
feeding in Iowa; and in some parts of Kan¬ 
sas, water i.-* nothultloiontly abundant. Mr. 
Butler rceouinicuded Nebraska. Tho fact 
that it supports .such Immense herds of 
buffalos, proves its adaptation to stock 
growing. Dr. Chowki.i, said Lhar, It should 
bo remembered that the buffalo range over 
a vast extent <>f cotintry lor forage; stock 
could not so range, and might not find ade¬ 
quate support whero buffalos scum to 
thrive. 
Correlation of Forres. — CLINT RONDKIIuSH, 
New York city, wrote that a few days since a 
New York paper announced that there is, in One 
Hundred and Sixteenth Street, ft model garden 
in which grapes are grown according to the 
“correlation of forces." lie would like to know 
what is meant by these learned words. Dr. 
Crowell stated tliero were several elaborate 
books published on this subject of tho correla¬ 
tion ol' forces, which it would be well for M 10 
correspondent to road. The Commander anx¬ 
iously exclaimed that ho hoped the topic was not 
too deep-even for brother Fuller. Urol her 
Fuller protested that it was too shallow that 
all forces necessary to the production of a hunch 
of grupes, wero "correlated forces," ho sup¬ 
posed. 
Fertilizing wllh Glover.— TO. N. IvELLOflO, New 
Salem, Mass., asked about fertilizing with 
clover: — “What sued is most suituble, and at 
what stage ot' growth should the crop bo turned 
under ? The Club must bo aware that practical 
instruction is of very great value, and that its 
value is measured by tho explicitness of dlroc- 
Mr. Curtis had sown the common red 
taller-growing specie 
here and there, either in groups or inter¬ 
spersed among ornamental shrubs ami other 
flowering plants, they become objects which 
attract almost universal admiration. Their 
plumes may not put on the bright color ot 
the scarlet sago or purple coleus, but the sil¬ 
very shades and rosy tints which they do 
assume in autumn, add luster to their more 
brilliant companions. 
Tho ornamental grasses have heretofore 
received far less attention in this country 
than in Europe, and ouT gardens are far less 
beautiful in autumn than they would he if 
these plants were more extensively used. 
There are a large number of desirable 
species, and their cost is hut a trifle, as seeds 
of most kinds can be obtained at any of 
our large seed-stores, and by giving proper 
care, plants may he produced in almost any 
quantity desired. On account of their per¬ 
manency we prefer the perennial sorts, al¬ 
though there are many annual and biennial 
species worthy of cultivation, even in the 
smallest collection. The following are 
inferior to the first, 
but cannot recommend it 
SEA-KALE CULTURE. 
Tiie cultivation of this useful culinary 
vegetable is far too much neglected or mis¬ 
understood in this country, as it. is very 
rarely it can he seen offered for salo in any 
of our public markets, its cultivation being 
almost entirely confined to private gardens, 
where professional gardeners arc employed. 
This state of things arises from a mistaken 
notion that its production is attended with 
considerable difficulty in this climate; but 
having grown it on both sides of the Atlan¬ 
tic, I can testify that with the same care nud 
attention it will thrive as well, and he as 
productive here as in other less-favored 
countries, and 1 hope to see, ere long, a good 
supply of this most excellent vegetable in 
all our markets. 
As the name implies, Sea-kale is a plant 
of marine affinities, and has been cultivated 
in the European gardens for the past, cen¬ 
tury, the peculiar flavor partly developed 
by the blanching process used, making it a 
general favorite on the dinner table. Where 
no offsets can be had, Sea-Kale can easily ho 
propagated by seed, which can he supplied 
by any reliable seedsman. Sow in spring as 
1 soon ns the state of the ground will admit, 
in hills four feet between the rows, two and 
and a-llftlf feet from hill to hill in the rows, 
thinning out when properly started to three 
or four plants in each hill, the size of your 
plantation to be determined by the wants of 
the grower. The commercial man might 
devote acres lo lids vegetable profitably, 
whereas, for a private family, a few hills 
would suffice. 
a new, rather slender growing species, 
with silvery colored leaves and plume. It 
is quite hardy, grows about four feet high, 
and is readily propogated by seeds or divis¬ 
ions of the roots. 
Arnudo Donnx. 
This is a very large, coarse-growing spe¬ 
cies, forming large clumps. In ordinary 
garden soil, the stems will grow ten or 
twelve feet high, but they seldom show flow¬ 
ers in the Northern States, the seasons not 
being sufficiently long. Our specimens have 
bloomed but once lathe past ten years. The 
flower spikes are very large and handsome, 
but they issue so late in the season that frost 
generally destroys them before maturity. 
The Amndo versicolor, a striped-leaved va¬ 
riety of the above, is far more desirable than 
the species, blit it is not quite hardy, and re¬ 
quires a little protection in winter. 
Cliloromls Bloncliardiaua, 
a new and beautiful grass, growing about 
six feet high, not fully tested, but promising 
to he an acquisition. 
ErinntlitiM Itnveniieuua, 
one of the most desirable species in cultiva¬ 
tion. It is quite hardy, withstanding the 
cold of winter without protection ; forming 
large clumps from which the steins rise to 
the bight of ten or twelve feet, and crowned 
with silvery plumes, of the form shown in 
our illustration, and twenty inches in length, 
A clump of this beautiful grass, with its nu¬ 
merous tall, waving plumes, bending with 
every breeze, is an object worthy of a place 
in the Garden of Eden. A variety, with 
violet-tinted plumes, is also equally desirable. 
It is kuown as Eria/Uhus Ibivcituiu ciolascens, 
seeds of which are offered by our seedsmen. 
Humana Grass (Gynerium ariceutuoui.) 
Tins is truly the “ Queen of ornamental 
grasses.” Words, however skillfully used, 
fail to give anything like an idea of its beau¬ 
ties. It must be seen to be appreciated. It 
forms large clumps like the Erianthus, from 
which spring the tall stems, each terminated 
with a plume two-feet in length, of the 
purest glistening silvery white. It is tender 
ERIANTHU8 RAVENNEANA. 
By these different processes a constant 
supply of this most desirable vegetable can 
be kept up from November to May, care be¬ 
ing taken when gathering the crop not to 
cut too close to the ground, say three inches; 
this will allow the remaining buds to de¬ 
velop from side shoots, uud a successive crop 
will be insured. 
Sea-Kale has n. flavor peculiarly its own, 
hut superior to all blanched vegetables; it 
can be cooked and dressed like asparagus, 
or made to form a most agreeable ingredient 
in soups, and has only to be known to be 
appreciated. David Foulis. 
jigiemc Jjitforntixtioir 
HYDROPHOBIA-SUPPOSED CURE 
We find tho following in several of our 
exchanges, credited to the Norristown Inde¬ 
pendent. 
"In 181'J, 0110 Valentine Kitterinu ol' 
Dauphin county, communicated to tho Senate 
ol Pennsylvania a sure remedy for tho bito of 
any mad animal. He said that his ancestors 
hud used It In Germany two hundred and fil ly 
yours ua'O, and that he always found it to an¬ 
swer the purpose durimr a residence ol' filly 
years in tlit; United States. Ho only publishes 
it from a. motive of humanity. Tilts remedy 
consists In the wood called chick-weed. H Is a 
summer plant, known to tho German and Swiaa 
by the names of (jmiclmdl rutlur mayor, or 
rather huehnwdarin in England It is called 
rod pimpernel; and its bot.auicul name is 
angelicaliihmiieea. It must bo gathered in June, 
when tu full bloom, dried in the shade, and then 
pulverized. The done of this fora grown per¬ 
son is a small teaspoonl'ul, or in weight a drachm 
and a scruple at once, in beer or water. For 
children the dose is the same, yeti it nm l lie nd- 
minsilorod at throe different limes, lo apply¬ 
ing, it must he used green, cut into 1 u cos, nod 
mixed with tun 11 or other toed. For boas 1 ho 
pulverized weed is made into little bulls by 
mixing it with (lour and water. It can also lie 
put 01 Thread and butter, or In honey, molas-us, 
&e. Tim Rev. Muhlenberg said that in Ger¬ 
many thirty grains of this powder are gi\i n 
four lirnts a day the first day, thou once a day 
for the whole week; while at the same timo 
| tho wound is washed out with a decoction iff 
and the powrlur strewed In it. Mr. 
GARDEN NOTES, 
I’rea«?rviu« Gutitmuos. 
M. C. Losuen writes that his cabbages 
keep belter through winter, when buried in 
trenches, with the roots downward, than in 
the more common method. If the beads are 
entirely protected from rain, or water which 
is likely to percolate through the covering, 
they will no doubt keep as well in an up¬ 
right position as when reversed; but our 
market gardeners in the vicinity of New 
York city, and south of this latitude, do not 
go to so much expense in giving winter pro¬ 
tection, ami it is not needed in mild climates. 
All the protection required in this vicinity, 
is given by plowing a furrow, into which the 
cabbages are set, with heads downward; 
then a furrow is turned against each side, 
only slightly covering with earth. This very 
simple plan would not do in colder climates. 
tions.” 
clover seed and turned it under while in bloa- 
BOiti. Mr. Fuller regards the large red Dutch 
clover as the best for this purpose; would plow It 
under as soon as thoseod Is well formed, just 
before It begins to harden. |Tlie advantage in 
waiting until the seed Is formed before plowing 
under. Is thut tho ground is kept constantly 
Hooded by this means, and there Is forage for 
stock nfter grain crops, or a good bottom growth 
to plow under m the fall. - Eos. Rural NEW- 
YORKER.] 
Plm-lcuUur©.—B. F. Rosen berry, Alliance, O., 
writes:— “I luivo a reservoir scooped out of clay 
soil, by which, through wooden pipes, I conduct 
water into my barn-yard for cuttle. The pond 
Is stocked with common creek fish. Tho only 
water that enters it gathers there from a Held 
during heavy ruins and wet weather. The native 
fish do well. There Is an eld abandoned Opal slopo 
on the place that is always full of water licit 
oozes out from the coal. The fish could go sev¬ 
eral hundred yards under ground and could 
como up the slope in the sun. I can turn a little 
81reuin Into it that runs about two-thirds of the 
year. Would fish do well in It? Would speckled 
trout succeed In water ol' this kind? or would 
there be too much sulphur from the coal in tho 
water? Under the ground tho water would al¬ 
ways be about one temperature; in summer it 
t.lm weed, and the powder strewed In it. Mr. 
Kittekinu said that he In all instances adminis¬ 
tered but one dose, with the most happy results. 
This Is said to bo the sumo remedy through 
which the Into Dr. William Stoy effected so 
many cures." 
Our principal object in copying the above 
ia to show how the names of plants 
become mixed, lost and changed in dif¬ 
ferent localities and countries. The plant 
referred to is said to lie known in some por¬ 
tions of Europe as Chick-weed, and in Eng¬ 
land as Red Pimpernel; hut the Red Pim¬ 
pernel of English gardens is not Angelical 
phonicea, but the Anagallis armisis, a plant 
belonging to quite a different genus, from 
the true Angelica nemicosa, so much in re¬ 
pute among the Neapolitan peasantry as a 
remedy against the itch. 
There is, however, a plant kuown to bot¬ 
anists as Anagallis Phoenicea, which was in¬ 
troduced into Lhe gardens of Europe from 
Morocco early ia the present century. But 
we cannot believe that ii is the one referred 
to by Mr. Kittering as haviug been used 
in ids family for two hundred and filly 
I years, although it may possess the Biime vir¬ 
tues ascribed to the A, arvensis, which for¬ 
merly had some reputation as u cure for 
madness. Dr. Lendley says of the plant, in 
his Flora Medica, that “it appears to pos¬ 
sess energetic powers, for Orfii.a destroyed 
a dog by making him swallow three drachms 
of the extract; it was found to have in¬ 
flamed the mucous membrane of the stom- 
xv as 
What Alls the Cabbage t 
Why is it that the cabbage is the only 
product of garden or field that has not been 
brought to perfection in this section during 
this season? The leaves wither, dry up 
around the edges, and gradually decay all 
over. Often the whole plant rots away. 
They decay in such quantity, in some in¬ 
stances, as to become very unpleasant from 
the bad odor which fills the air around them. 
In a neighboring town, where the citizens 
are suffering from malarious disease, an in¬ 
telligent physician had all the cabbage 
plants in his garden pulled up and carted 
away, owing to the bad odor which they 
generated. The cause of this singular ten¬ 
dency to decay must he attributed 10 some 
peculiarity in the weather; but it is difficult 
to tell what that peculiarity is, as it has not 
been either so wet or so dry as to prevent 
anything else from prospering and matur¬ 
ing. Before the disease progressed so far, 
the striped bug and common cabbage worm 
were, perhaps, more destructive than I have 
ever known them. In addition to this, the 
turnips do not promise to supply the scarcity 
of winter greens, as they have in many cases 
either failed to come up or been literally de¬ 
stroyed by the fly.—N. C., Greensboro, N. (J. 
on clay bottoms. Butter stock It with block 
bass. Trout require a spring or brook of cool 
water of 42° to iV temperature. With KTavel or 
sandy bottom. Trout do well in Ktreams the 
temperature of which rises to80% provided there 
aro deep shnded places io them to which they 
can resort. They can bo success Cu fly raised any¬ 
where north of Richmond, Va. When regularly 
fed, their growth Is very rapid -three times as 
rapid us tho natural growth of trout in our 
mountain streams. Meat is not tho best food for 
you ok trout. LopperctI milk for young' nml 
curd for the older are belter. I sometimes pro¬ 
duce larva for them by putting apiece of meat 
ip a hot-bod anil breeding them. It is not wise 
to feed meat, because it promotes ami perpetu¬ 
ates their propensity to devour each other. If 
any one wants to raise fish in large quantities, 
they must get rid of the old male fish, for they 
destroy each other in mating and spawning 
time. Black bass, perch, and many other kinds 
of fish are eusiOr and safer to grow than trout. 
A trout brook of half a mite can he stocked with 
five hundred trout at au expense ol' $10. For 
THE SEA-KALE. 
A more speedy process than the above is 
by detaching rooted offsets from established 
plants, or by root cuttings, with several eyes 
attached; but this can only he done where a 
previous plantation has existed, or where a 
supply can be had from a nurseryman or 
market gardener. If Hie offsets have been 
tolerably strong, and the ground well pre¬ 
pared by trenching and manuring before 
planting, strong crowns will he formed the 
first season, and the Sea-Kale will be ready 
for blanching (the only form in which it is fit 
for table) the following season. Raised from 
seed, it would require three years at least 
before being available for forcing. 
The earliest method of blanching Sea- 
Kale is by covering the crowns in spring 
with leaf mold or sand, to the depth of liileen 
ach. A similar result was obtained by 
Gkkmer.” 
We fail, however, to discover the analogy 
between killing a dog and curing hydropho¬ 
bia in man or animals; unless the dog takes 
the medicine before he becomes rabid, and 
thus prevents thmappearance of this fearful 
malady. The safest plan is not to trv medi¬ 
cine oi' which wo really know so little. 
