I 
/ CllLTURE,H£ 
It^URAL 
EXCELSIOR 
£ jf.T.OO PER VEAR* 
I Mingle So., Eight Cents 
NEW YORK CITY AND ROCHESTER, N, Y 
■11 Pnrli lUw, New York 
H'i tinIViilo St., lloeliCHter, 
I Entered according to Act of Congress, in tne year 1370, by D. D. T. .MooilE. In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.] 
ous species, Hydrangeas, Privet, Platanusor 
Buttonwood, Populus of many species, 
Spircas, Syringas, Tamarisk, Vibuvmims, 
including the Snowball and High Bush 
Cranberry, &c., and Willows. 
Gooseberry cuttings are also made in au¬ 
tumn, blit unless a moderately dry place is 
selected for heeling-in, they are very likely 
to become injured, if burled in the open 
ground. The amateur will, as a general 
ing out in shallow trenches where the soil 
will come in direct contact with each and 
every cutting. 
It is the same with this cutting business as 
in many other horticultural processes; no 
amount of neglect or bungling manipulation 
will cause a complete failure; but it is far the 
safest plan to do everything in the best man¬ 
ner even if it is not positively necessary. Cut¬ 
tings should not be kept too warm during 
up the plants in fall and storing in the cellar 
during winter. 
rbcrnrulturc 
if licrhsman 
TRANSPLANTING RASPBERRIES 
NEW WEEPING HEMLOCK, 
NOTES FOR HERDSMEN. 
1 ti a vrj ;i row of Blnck-(!ap Raspberries in 
my garden that must bo moved on account 
of being too much crowded. Will it bo better to 
set l lie old stools again; or to plant more from 
the tips? The stools or bushes aro fine, strong, 
and healthy; have borne fruit only one sum- 
Oun arboriculturists arc constantly on the 
alert for novelties. A peculiar shade or form 
of leaf, or even a crook in a branch, out of 
the natural direction, immediately attracts 
their attention. These peculiar forms and 
colors are called “ sports,” by naturalists, or, 
in other words, they are sudden deviations 
from the natural forms, and the cause is sel¬ 
dom if ever known. Sonie of these sports 
are very valuable, as they help to Increase the 
number of varieties, as for instance, copper, 
purple aud cut-leaved beech are sports or va¬ 
rieties of the European beech, {Vagus si/lvati- 
ca.) The ring-leaved willow is a sport of the 
common Weoping willow ,(Salic Bubylonica ,) 
and thu Kilmarnock, new American, or foun¬ 
tain, variegated leaved, and many other spe¬ 
cies and varieties, are cultivated and valued 
on account of their unique foliage or grace¬ 
ful habit. These sports or variations from 
the natural type, are constantly appearing in 
almost every family of plants, uml if secured 
and propagated, they often become valuable 
acquisitions. 
We here with give an illustration ofa new 
weeping variety of our native hemlock, 
(Abies Cit/xukuisis.) It was,found among some 
wild seedlings, by II. W. Sargent, Esq., 
Fialikill, N. Y., but the entire stock of plants 
is now in the hands of Messrs. Parsons & 
Co., who arc propagating iL as rapidly as 
possible, by grafting upon slocks of the com¬ 
mon hemlock. By working this variety upon 
stocks several feet high, a beautiful umbrella¬ 
shaped evergreen is produced in two or three 
years, like the one shown. The specimen 
from which our illustration was made, 
stands in the grounds of the gcutlemen above 
named. 
Stock Raising In Oolol-ndo. 
Colorado is fast proving itself an excellent 
grazing country. This great pasture land of 
the buffalo, elk, antelope and deer is now be¬ 
ing filled with herds of Texas cattle. The 
valleys of the Bijou, Kiowa, RioGrande, the 
South Platte and its tributaries, the Cache 
La Poudre and Big Thompson, and last, but 
not Iciest, the valley of the Arkansas, oiler 
better grazing than the best parts of Kansas; 
for cattle can subsist, there the year round 
without shelter, grain, or fodder of any kind, 
the summer cured grasses being so nutri¬ 
tious for winter feed that herds lean in the 
fall have subsisted on them, come out, liit in 
the spring, and been taken to St. Bonis and 
Chicago and sold on the markets (here as 
stall-fed beef. The shipments of stock from 
Denver station to St. Louis and Chicago now 
average twenty car loads a week, and Ral¬ 
ston on the Colorado Central; Kiowa, Lake 
Station and Kit Carson, on the Kansas 
Pacific Railroad, are already shipping points 
of some importance. 
In the summer, cattle arc grazed on the 
high plains, 8,000 feet above the sea level, 
and in winter are driven to the lower val¬ 
leys. Blooded stock lias been introduced, 
and the specimens of cattle sometimes seen 
grazing on our plains would do credit to an 
Illinois State Fair. It is claimed that cattle 
can be raised here in herds of from 500 to 
to 1,000, to four-year-olds at an average cost 
of only $1.50 per head per year, the only ex¬ 
pense being for herdsmen and occasional 
losses by Indians. Cattle brought here from 
Texas increase twenty per cent, in size and 
weight during a single year, and the natural 
increase of sheep is nearly a hundred per 
cent. About $150,000 has been invested in 
herds in the vicinity of Denver this season, 
and 20,000 cattle have been supplied to 
Wyoming Territory. The transactions at 
Denver the first two weeks of October 
amounted to $110,000. *** 
MAKING CUTTINGS, 
As the cold weather approaches, a thought 
should lie given to making cuttings of hardy 
plants. The greater part of our commdl 
hardy shrubs grow readily from ripe wood 
cuttings taken olf in autumn, and heeled in, 
either in a cool cellar or in some dry place 
in the open ground. The length of the cut¬ 
ting is of no great consequence, but about 
six inches is convenient for handling, both 
in making and storing. With some spe¬ 
cies it will make but little difference 
whether the cut is made just below a bud or 
at any point on the internode; still, as it is no 
more trouble to sever a stem at one point than 
another, and as every experienced propagator 
of plants is aware that some kinds do produce 
roots more freely when cut just below a bud 
or joint than elsewhere, it must be admitted 
Hint it is the safest plan with all. 
Cuttings are usually made from shoots of 
only one season’s growth, though with a few 
species such as the Ginko, (Salisburia (ulianti- 
foli'i,) and the larger kinds of JhJuoriymus , a 
joint or two of the two-year-old wood left 
attached to the base of the cutting will aid 
very much the production of roots. Young 
shoots that are fully mature should always be 
selected in preference to those of an opposite 
character, and in making the cuttings use a 
sharp knife in preference to shears; for 
the latter, however good, are far more likely 
to crush the fibers and leave a rough wound 
than a smooth one, which is quite essential 
with woody plants that do not produce roots 
freely. With such plants as the willow and 
quince. 
An* Twin Calve** Good Breeder* ? 
In answer to this inquiry, in Rural New- 
Yorker, I would say, if both are of I ho 
some sex when born as twins, they breed as 
well as those of single birth, and are often 
more prolific than when one is a male and 
the other a female; the latter rarely breeds, 
and are often paired, and work in the yoke 
together. The free martin is equal to its 
mate, as they take on masculine qualities 
generally. And 1 have often noted the 
human species, horn under the same cir¬ 
cumstances, that not only small families was 
the result of marriage, but thu barrenness 
was the type of the female twin.— Solomon 
W. Jewett. 
winter, as this will cause the biuls to start 
prematurely, aud if wet and warm at the 
same time decay is sure to follow. If the 
temperature can be just a few degrees above 
the freezing point, but not sufficiently high to 
force thu buds, the roots will commence 
forming while the remainder of the cutting 
is perfectly dormant. Roots will be pro¬ 
duced in a temperature ten to twenty degrees 
lower than is required for leaves, aud we 
take advantage of this by making our cut¬ 
tings in the fall and place them where the 
root process, only, may go on during the 
winter. 
Probably the safest place to store hardy 
cuttings in winter is in a dry sandy soil in 
the open garden, and, after they are heeled in, 
cover with hay or some similar material 
that will keep out the frost and protect from 
a 3uper-abtmdauce of moisture. 
Among the many species of trees and 
shrubs that may be readily propagated from 
ripe wood cuttings made at this season of 
the year, we name the following as requir¬ 
ing particular attention: — Abcle, Apples, 
dwarf for stocks, AUlieas or Rose of Sharon, 
Currants, Deulzias, Euonymus, Foraythia, 
Fringe-Tree, (purple,) Honeysuckles of vari- 
thing succeed better with gooseberry cut¬ 
tings made very early in spring, and then 
planted immediately, than with those made 
in autumn. 
mer, and I would prefer to keep them if they 
would do as well.—u. n. 
Old raspberry plants are worth but very 
little for transplanting. This is true with ail 
the species and varieties; and we would not 
advise any one to remove old plants unless 
they were of some very rare and valuable 
kind. We think that the young tips of this 
season’s growth are worth far more for 
transplanting than the old plants, and will 
produce more fruit in less lime, and remain 
healthy much longer. 
Cure for Hoof Rot. 
A veteran stock raiser gives in the Romo 
(N. Y.) Sentinel the following as a certain 
cure for hoof rot in cattle, horses or sheep : 
“One teacupful of sharp cider vinegar, one 
and a-half tablespoon fills of copperas, one 
and a-lialf tablespoonfuls of sail. Dissolve 
gradually on the hot stove, but do not let it 
boil. When cool, apply it on the affected 
limb and hoof, and also swab out the mouth 
of the animal with the mixture. Two or 
three applications usually effects acme. The 
remedy lias been used with perfect success 
since 1818- 
FIG LEAF FOR NAME. 
Inclosed I send a leaf of a tree which came 
up in a flower box one year ago last spring. The 
leaf inclosed is not full size. A full sized leaf 
measures one foot broad, by about eleven Indies 
in length. The tree is very thrifty, buying grown 
Hvofeotor more this season, and is still growing. 
When this leaf was cutoff, a white, think sub¬ 
stance tlowed out, which soon dried into a kind 
of glue. If you can, through your paper, give 
the name or this tree, you will oblige— Thomas 
Marsh, Seneca C<j., W. F. 
The leaf was very dry, and broken into 
several pieces when received; but it is evi¬ 
dently from a tig tree. Figs may be grown 
quite successfully in many localities in the 
Northern States, if the plants are laid down 
and covered with earth in winter. There 
are many old trees hi the vicinity of New 
York oily, that have been treated in this way 
for years. They produce quite heavy crops 
in summer, and those who like fresh figs will 
take considerable pains to produce them. In 
Central New York, w r e would advise digging 
I'oihhIi for Pencil Trees. 
Dr. Geo. B. Wood, in a paper read before 
the American Philosophical Society states 
that be believes the short life of peach trees 
is due to a deficiency of potash in the soil 
and asserts that if this alkali be supplied to 
the tree so that it shall reach Ihe small roots 
and be absorbed, the fruit-bearing power is 
restored and the fruit itself, prematurely per¬ 
ishing, is revived, lie digs around the base 
of the stem of the tree a bole four or five 
inches deep and fills it with fresh wood ashes. 
The result is not only the regeneration of the 
tree but its assured health. [That potash 
is an unfailing regenerator we cannot assert; 
but it is excellent for fruit trees. 
that produce roots from almost 
% every portion of the surface placed under 
^ ground, it will make but little difference 
how, or with what kind of instrument they 
arc made, but there are others that will not 
5k bear such rough usage. 
? When the cuttings are made, they may be 
tied up into small bundles aud heeled in; 
r-u kut we prefer the much better plan of spread- 
Remedy for Illoody Milk in Cows. 
I have found this to be good : — Give one 
tablespoonful of sulphur in a little bran once 
a day. If a very bad case, give it twice a 
day, in dry bran, of course.—W. W., Mick. 
Inquiries for HenWmen,—I wish Ritual readers 
of experience would give the length of time a 
cow should go dry before calving—not theoreti¬ 
cal opinions, but the result of experience.—N. o. 
