LEPIDOPTERA. 
11 9 
second brood nourishes itself upon the excrement of the first brood, which seems 
to differ in no way from the original wax itself. The moth appears on the wing 
in May. An illustration of this insect, together with the larva, pupae, and the 
waxen honeycomb on which it feeds, may be seen on p. 121. Another member 
of the same family is the oak-tortrix (Tortrix viridana), figured in the annexed 
illustration. This beautiful little moth, 
bright green with shining grey hind- 
wings, may be found flying about in June 
in swarms in woods where oak - trees 
abound. The larvae which feed on the 
leaves, and roll themselves carefully within 
the folded leaves, are sometimes so numer¬ 
ous as to become a perfect pest. Acres 
and acres of oak-plantation may be seen 
completely stripped of the foliage, while 
the green moths flutter about in countless 
thousands. The pupal-state is passed in 
a folded leaf or in the chinks of the bark 
or other suitable crevice. The larch-tortrix (Retina buolinana ) is a bright, foxy 
red moth with habits very similar to those of the last-named species. The moth 
may be seen in July flying amongst the trees in young plantations, and laying 
OAK-TORTRIX IN VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT 
(nat. size). 
1, oak-gall tortrix ; 2, Pupa appearing from the resin-gall; 3, Glypta resinance, ichneumon ; 4, the larch 
tortrix ; 4a, Pupa ; 5, Larva in a larch-bud ; 6, Pupa appearing from gall. (1 and 4 a much enlarged.) 
its eggs amongst the buds at the tip of the shoots. The larvae are hatched in the 
autumn, and commence to gnaw the buds, giving rise to the exudation of resin. 
A figure of this moth, with its larva and pupa, will be found in the illustration 
