DIPPERS. 
5°7 
throated green warbler which annually arrives in the Eastern parts of the United 
States early in May, nesting chiefly in fir-woods, and building in the oblique fork 
of a bough, generally at some distance from the ground, constructing its nest of a 
variety of materials, such as vegetable fibres and dry stems, lined with finer grass, 
horsehair, and feathers. The e'ggs are white in ground-colour, variegated with 
purplish spots. The song of the male is plaintive and prolonged, and generally to 
be heard among the pine-trees. As a straggler, this bird has occurred upon the 
BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER (§ nat. size). 
island of Heligoland. The adult male has the upper-parts olive-green, yellower 
on the rump, the forehead and sides of the head bright yellow, the chin, breast, 
and throat jet black, the abdomen white, and the wings and tail dusky, the wings 
being barred with whitish. 
The Dippers. 
Family ClNCLlDIE. 
The dippers form a small group apparently allied to the thrushes, but specially 
adapted to a semi-aquatic life. They possess a narrow, straight bill, slightly bent 
and notched; a very short and rounded wing; and a short and broad tail; the 
metatarsus being long and smooth; while the feet are furnished with long claws. 
The sexes are alike; and the young, unlike the adults, are always spotted on the 
lower surface. The plumage is close and dense, and the body is covered with 
down. The dippers frequent the beds of clear streams in the northern parts 
of both hemispheres; while three species exist in South America, one of the 
latter being Schulz’s dipper—a dark, grey bird with a pretty rufous throat, but 
