OXEN 
171 
continental On the continent there are likewise numerous breeds of cattle, 
Breeds. but only a few of these can be even mentioned. One of the most 
esteemed is the Friburg breed, of which a bull is represented in the illustration 
on p. 169. This breed seems to be allied to the English shorthorns, but has a 
longer body and neck. The horns are short but sharp, and the colour is a mixture 
of black or reddish brown with white. These cattle are largely bred in Switzer¬ 
land, and are considered to be the parent stock from which several other breeds 
have originated. The Dutch breed, as represented by the cow figured in the 
accompanying woodcut, was originally a native of the lowlands of Holland, but 
has now spread over a large part of Germany. Fitzinger regards the Dutch cattle 
dutch cow (Jg- nat. size). 
as the direct descendants of the aurochs, and they seem to approximate to the 
Ayrshire breed. They are of large size, with long necks and pointed muzzles, and 
moderate-sized horns, directed forwards and inwards. The- usual colour is black 
upon a white or greyish white ground, but the dark markings may be brown or 
reddish. 
Very different from all others are the large Hungarian cattle, characterised by 
their uniform pale fawn colour, their enormous, slender, outspreading horns, and 
their free light step. The horns may measure as much as 5 feet from tip to tip, 
and are black at the extremities, but greyish throughout the rest of their length. 
This breed ranges through Hungary into Turkey and Western Asia. The Podolian 
cattle constitute another well-marked breed characterised by the great relative 
height of the fore-quarters. 
