210 
UNGULATES. 
berg. Thence it extended into France, but the Pyrenees and Alps seem to have 
marked the southern limits of its range. In England remains of the musk-ox 
have been found in superficial deposits, and its skulls have been dredged from the 
Dogger Bank. Although the alteration in climatic conditions affords a sufficient 
reason for the northward retreat of the musk-ox, we are at present quite in the 
HEAD OF BULL MTJSK-OX. 
dark why it has disappeared from the Eastern Hemisphere, while the reindeer still 
has a circumpolar distribution. 
The regions inhabited by the musk-ox are of the most barren 
Habits. . . J 
and inhospitable nature. It has been considered that the animal 
migrated southwards during the coldest part of the year, but this is denied by Mr. 
H. Biederbeck, who is one of the few explorers who have seen it in its wild state. 
It was met with by his party in Grinnell Land in March, when the snow is deepest 
