3 2 4 
UNGULATES. 
Blessbok. 
when wounded, I have found them unable to go far, and easy to finish; and their 
flesh may be classed with that of the best of the choicer antelopes.” 
The blessbok ( B. albifrons ) and the closely-allied bontebok 
( B. jvygargus), which are represented in the right lower corner of 
the illustration on p. 317, are smaller South African antelopes, which are the last 
representatives of the genus. In both species the horns are compressed and 
regularly lyrate, with the rings strongly marked, and extending nearly to the tips; 
for a short distance they run almost parallel, and then curve backwards. Their 
usual length is about 15 inches, but a pair of 18^ inches is on record. Both species 
are characterised by their brilliant purple-red colour, and the broad white “ blaze ” 
down the face, from which the blessbok takes its name. The bontebok (the 
animal standing in front of the two on the right side of the illustration) is distin¬ 
guished by the white blaze on the face continuing without interruption right up to 
the root of the horns, the white patch on the buttocks surrounding the tail, and 
the white legs. On the other hand, in the blessbok (shown in the hinder of the 
two animals standing on the right side of the plate) the blaze on the face is divided 
by a transverse dark line just above the eyes; there is no white on the rump above 
the tail, but a dark stripe runs down the outer side of the legs. In height the 
blessbok stands about 3 feet 2 inches or rather more at the withers, but the bontebok 
may reach from 3 feet 2 inches to 3 feet 11 inches. 
After mentioning that blessboks resemble the smaller springbok 
in manners and habits, Gordon Cumming goes on to observe that they 
differ from the latter “ in the determined and invariable way in which they scour 
the plains, right in the wind’s eye, and also in the manner in which they carry 
their noses close to the ground. Throughout the greater part of the year they are 
very wary and difficult of approach, but more especially when the does have young 
ones. At that season, when a herd is disturbed and takes away up the wind, every 
other herd in view follows it, and the alarm extending for miles and miles down 
the wind, to endless herds beyond the vision of the hunter, a continued stream of 
blessboks may often be seen scouring up wind for upwards of an hour, and covering 
the landscape as far as the eye can see.” On one occasion when on the Yet River 
the same writer states: “ On my right and left the plain exhibited one purple mass 
of graceful blessboks, which extended without a break as far as my eye could 
strain. The depth of their vast legions covered a breadth of about six hundred 
yards.” 
We may conclude this notice of the hartebeests and their allies 
by mentioning that a member of the group occurs fossil in the Pliocene 
strata at the foot of the Himalaya; and it may be inferred from this and the facts 
above mentioned that the essentially African groups of sable antelope, water-buck, 
and hartebeests, and probably also kudus, were once represented on the plains of 
India. 
Habits. 
Extinct Species. 
