422 
UNGULATES. 
bone, while in the fore-limb at least the lateral toes are likewise furnished with 
complete metacarpals, as shown in the accompanying figure. In these respects the 
pigs are, however, approached by the water-chevrotain (p. 401) ; and they also 
resemble all the chevrotains in having a conical process on 
the front of the second vertebra of the neck for articulation 
with the first of that series. 
All members of the pig-like group—technically known 
as the Suina —have front or incisor teeth in their upper 
jaws, and their lower tusks are quite unlike, and distinct from 
the incisors. Further, in correlation with the absence of 
the power of rumination, the stomachs of these animals are 
always less complex than those of the Ruminants, and they 
may be perfectly simple, and comprise only a single chamber. 
It is, perhaps, well to add that pig-like animals existed at a 
date when Ruminants were unknown, as, indeed, must neces¬ 
sarily have been the case if the one group be the ancestor of 
the other. 
With these introductory remarks as to the character- 
the bones of the left istics of the members of the group, and their relationship 
p°(f E (From Dawki™ ^ through extinct forms with the Ruminants, we may proceed 
to the consideration of the existing pig-like Ungulates, 
which are divided into the three families of the Pigs, the Peccaries, and the 
Hippopotami. 
The Pigs. 
Family SuiDJE. 
The pigs, or swine, of which there are three existing generic types, are such 
well-known animals that but little description is necessary. They are, however, 
SKULL OF the bearded pig. (From Nehring.) 
distinguished from the other members of the group to which they belong by the 
following assemblage of characters. The head and skull are greatly elongated, 
and the muzzle terminates in an abruptly-truncated mobile snout, with a disc-like 
