RHINO CER OSES. 
469 
Hunting There are two modes, according to General Kinloch, of hunting 
the Indian rhinoceros—“ one by quietly tracking up the animal on a 
single elephant until he is at last found in his lair, or perhaps standing quite 
unconscious of danger; the other, by beating him out of jungle with a line of 
elephants, the guns being stationed at the points where he is most likely to break 
cover. In the latter case it is necessary to have reliable men with the beaters, 
who can exercise authority and keep them in order, for both mahouts and 
elephants have the greatest dread of the huge brute, who appears to be much more 
formidable than he really is.” 
The same writer gives his experience of rhinoceros-hunting as follows. On a 
certain occasion the General and his party “ had tracked a wounded buffalo into a 
large and very thick cover, into which it was useless to follow him with any chance 
of getting a shot. The three guns, therefore, went on ahead, and took up their 
positions at the other end of the cover, while the pad-elephants were ordered to 
form line and beat steadily through the jungle. After waiting a long time at my 
post I heard some large animal crashing through the reeds, and as the line of 
beaters advanced the waving of the grass betrayed its movements. It came on 
very slowly, occasionally stopping for some time to listen, and again making a 
cautious advance. I remained still as death, but I was in a great state of anxiety 
lest my elephant should become uneasy and give the alarm. Fortunately, he 
remained silent, and at length the rhinoceros, anticipating no danger ahead, and 
pressed by the steadily advancing line of elephants behind him, poked his ugly 
head out of the reeds within twenty yards of me. I could only see his snout and 
his horn, and aimed above the latter for his forehead. I either took a bad aim, or 
my elephant moved slightly as I fired, for, as I afterwards found, my bullet merely 
grazed the snout, cutting a deep furrow along the base of the horn. As the 
rhinoceros wheeled round, I gave him another bullet in the centre of his ribs, and 
he rushed back into the reeds and through the beaters witli an angry grunt.” O 11 
search being made in the jungle, it was found that the second bullet had done its 
work, the huge animal lying dead with its legs folded beneath the body in the 
usual recumbent posture. 
Javan The Javan, or lesser one-horned rhinoceros (R. sonclaicus), is an 
Rhinoceros, altogether smaller animal than the preceding, with the head relatively 
less large in proportion to the body, although its height at the shoulder is scarcely, 
if at all, inferior. The skin, which is nearly or quite naked, lacks the large 
tubercles of the Indian rhinoceros; while the fold in front of the shoulder, instead 
of inclining backwards, is continued right across the body like the other two main 
folds. Superficially, the skin is divided by a network of cracks into a number of 
small mosaic-like discs. The great folds of skin which are so conspicuous in the 
neck of the Indian rhinoceros are in this species much less strongly developed. 
The general colour is a uniform dusky grey. The skull is less elevated than in 
the larger species in the occipital region; but there are the same number of front 
teeth. In structure the upper molar teeth are, however, simpler, resembling the 
lower of the two figured on p. 464; and their crowns are not so tall. Measure¬ 
ments of wild individuals appear to be very few; but in a large female the height 
at the shoulder was 54 feet. The female is generally or invariably hornless. 
