UNGULATES. 
542 
and in the former case their loads should not exceed half a ton for continuous 
marching, while in hilly districts they should be reduced to about 7 cwt. 
In dragging timber of moderate dimensions, a short rope is attached to 
one end of each log, which the elephant seizes between his teeth, and thus raising 
his burden from the ground, half carries and half drags it away. Tuskers are 
both stronger and more useful than females, since their tusks often aid them in the 
performance of their duties. 
The majority of the animals employed in tasks like the above, belong to what 
the natives term the inferior castes; tuskers of the finest and most approved form 
being far too expensive to be put to such uses. The majority of such animals are, 
indeed, purchased by the native princes, by whom they are used in state pageants, 
and the taller the animal, the greater his value. 
By the sportsman the elephant, as we have already had occasion to mention, 
is extensively employed in tiger-shooting; and, indeed, in many districts this sport 
can only be enjoyed by the aid of these animals. For sporting purposes, the 
elephant carries a howda, which should be so constructed as to combine lightness 
with strength, and to allow of the occupant firing from it with equal ease in any 
direction. One of the most remarkable features connected with the taming of the 
Indian elephant, is the extent to which its natural timidity in presence of its 
dreaded enemy the tiger may be overcome by means of careful training. To enter 
