38 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. VII, No. i 
does the ammonia extracted by these solvents. There is consequently 
no reduction of acidity through the formation of purin and hexone bases, 
as was found to be the case in Glomerella rufomaculans . 
(6) The nitrogen of the alcohol-ether-water-insoluble fraction, repre¬ 
senting protein nitrogen, increases steadily with the progress of the 
disease. This increase runs nearly parallel with the decrease in non¬ 
protein nitrogen in the soluble fraction, indicating that the parasite 
utilizes these forms of nitrogen in the synthesis of proteins. 
(7) There is a steady but small decrease in the total nitrogen present, 
due to complete decomposition of some of the nitrogenous constituents 
with the escape of ammonia. 
(8) The phosphorus of both lipoid and insoluble fractions is materially 
decreased in the half-decayed fruits, with a concurrent increase in the 
amount of phosphorus extracted by alcohol, water, and ether. In com* 
pletely decayed fruit there is a further reduction in lipoid phosphorus, a 
marked increase in soluble phosphorus, and a very large increase in 
insoluble or protein phosphorus. The organism is able to reduce both 
the lipoid and the protein phosphorus of the host tissues to simpler 
water-soluble forms and to utilize their phosphorus in the construction 
of new and complex phosphorus-containing materials. 
(9) There is a steady transfer of mineral elements from the insoluble 
to the soluble fraction, the percentage of the total ash present in fraction 
2 increasing from 68.22 to 85.11 per cent in the course of decay. 
(10) There is a rapid decrease in the content of reducing sugars, 
disaccharids, and lipoid sugars as the disease proceeds. Of these classes 
of carbohydrates, disaccharids are least completely utilized, totally 
decayed fruits having 45.04 per cent of the disaccharid content, but only 
10.6 per cent of the monosaccharid content, of normal fruits. 
(11) Starch is not attacked by the fungus, its amount remaining 
unchanged throughout the progress of decay. 
(12) There is a rapid increase in the hydrolyzable carbohydrate material 
other than starch, present in fraction 3. In the early stages of decay 
there is a slight decrease in the nonhydrolyzable portion of this fraction, 
which is followed by a large increase. Invasion by species of Sphaeropsis 
is characterized by a large increase in materials convertible into reducing 
sugars by hydrolysis for five hours with 2.5 per cent hydrochloric acid and 
by a less rapid increase in substances not affected by such hydrolysis. 
The natures of the compounds thus synthesized has not been determined. 
(13) There is a progressive decrease in the acid content of the fruits 
from 0.9288 per cent for sound apples to 0.3086 per cent in those which 
become completely decayed. In artificial inoculations upon sterile apple 
pulp the reduction of the acid content is more rapid and more complete. 
(14) The progress of the disease, both in natural infections and in 
artificial inoculations upon sterile apple pulp, is accompanied by a large 
increase in the alcohol content of the tissues. 
