join (IF Alfflfflim RESEARCH 
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Vol. VII Washington, D. C., November 27, 1916 No. 9 
ENERGY VALUES OF RED-CLOVER HAY AND MAIZE 
MEAL 
By Henry Prentiss Armsby, Director , J. August Fries, Assistant Director, and 
Winfred Waite Braman, Associate , Institute of Animal Nutrition of The Pennsyl¬ 
vania State College 
COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS BETWEEN THE BUREAU OF ANIMAL, INDUSTRY 
OF THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND THE INSTITUTE 
OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE 
INTRODUCTION 
The results of determinations at this institute of the net energy values 
for cattle of 10 different feeding stuffs or mixtures were reported by Arms¬ 
by and Fries in a previous paper. 1 Attention was there called to the 
discordant results obtained for red-clover hay and for maize meal, and 
certain of them were tentatively rejected, for reasons stated, in making 
up the final averages. The present experiments were undertaken in 
order to obtain additional data concerning the energy values of these 
feeding stuffs. They were conducted in 1915 along the lines of the 
previous experiments just referred to. 
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF EXPERIMENTS 
The general plan of the experiments was to feed five different rations. 
The first two consisted of two different amounts of red-clover hay alone, 
one a submaintenance ration, and the other a heavy ration. The remain¬ 
ing rations contained different amounts of a mixture of one-third clover 
hay and two-thirds maize meal, one amount being much below main¬ 
tenance, one approximately maintenance, and one a heavy ration. Ten 
gm. of salt were added to each day's ration. 
The animal used was a pure-bred Shorthorn steer, 2 years old, weighing 
at the beginning of the experiments a little over 500 kgm. 
As in previous experiments, each feeding period covered 21 days, the 
first 11 being preliminary and the last 10 the digestion period proper. 
Table I gives the dates and the rations for the several periods and also 
the live weights of the animals. 
1 Armsby, H. P., and Fries, J. A. Net energy values of feeding stuffs for cattle. In Jour. Agr. Research, 
v. 3, no. 6, p. 435-491. 1915. 
Journal of Agricultural Research, 
Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 
ge 
Vol. VII, No. 9 
Nov. 27, 1916 
Pa.—1 
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