Dec. ii, 1916 
Syntomaspis druparum 
5oi 
Artificial, control. —Inasmuch as the seed chalcid attacks normally 
only varieties that are grown on a very small scale it can be controlled 
with comparatively little effort by purely mechanical means. In the 
first place, all wild seedling apples and wild crab apples in the neighbor¬ 
hood of such varieties should be destroyed. This would not only elimi¬ 
nate the outside source of this insect, but also of many other much more 
serious pests. This should be done in the spring or summer, preferably in 
August after oviposition has ceased, to insure the destruction of the chal¬ 
cid larvae of the season. From the seed crop of the previous season there 
will still be the chalcids of the biennial brood for the next following 
season to contend with, but in two years this source of infestation will be 
entirely eliminated. In addition to the foregoing the careful destruc¬ 
tion of all drop fruit and culls for two seasons will practically extermi¬ 
nate the chalcids. If the waste fruit is converted into cider, the pomace 
should be destroyed. 
LITERATURE CITED 
(1) Boheman, C. H. 
1834. Skandinaviska Pteromaliner. In K. Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl., 
1833. P- 3 2 9 - 38 o. 
(2) Thompson, C. G. 
1875. Skandinaviens Hymenoptera. Delen 4. Lund. 
(3) Porchinskii, I. A. 
1893. [Torymus bred from pear seeds.] (In Russian.) In Horae Soc. Ent., 
Rosst., t. 27, 1892/93, Bui. Ent., p. ix. 
(4) Mokrzecki, S. 
1906. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Lebensweise von Syntomaspis pubescens 
Forst., druparum (Boh.) Thoms., (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae). In 
Ztschr. Wiss. Insektenbiol., Bd. 2, Heft 12, p. 390-392, 2 fig. 
(5) Rodzianko, W. N. 
1908. Commentatio de Torymidis, quarum larvae in seminibus Pomacearum 
vitam agunt. In Bui. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, n. s. t. 21, 1907, p. 
592-611. 
6) Crosby, C. R. 
1908. Notes on a chalcid (Syntomaspis druparum Boh.) infesting apple seeds. 
(Abstract.) In Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., v. 1, no. r, p. 38. 
( 7 ) - 
1908. On certain seed-infesting Chalcis flies. N. Y. Cornell Agr. Exp. Sta. 
Bui. 265, p. 367-388, fig. 73-98, 2 pi. 
(8) Horvath, Geza. 
1911. A magyar entomologusok tomoriilese. In Rov. Lapok, k6tet 18, fuzet 1, 
P* 1 - 3 * 
(9) Crosby, C. R. 
1912. Notes on Syntomaspis druparum Boh. and Ichneumon nigricomis 
Berger. In Canad. Ent., v. 44, no. 12, p. 365-366. 
