Jan. 15,1917 
Calcium Compounds in Soils 
61 
topography is rolling and the drainage is good, sometimes even excessive. 
The type is usually timbered, and very little of it is under cultivation. 
The better portions are adapted to fruit and general farming crops. 
Gloucester fine sandy loam. —The soil of this type is a brown, 
fine sandy loam 6 to 12 inches deep. The subsoil is a fine sandy loam, 
yellowish brown as far as aeration and oxidation has extended. Beneath 
that lies the bluish glacial till derived from crystalline rocks. In the 
fine sandy loam oxidation has extended to a depth of 2 feet or more. 
The lower portion of the subsoil is usually coarse in texture. The type 
is derived from granitic drift, and glacial bowlders and gravel are found 
throughout the soil section. The topography varies from undulating to 
rolling, and the drainage is good. This type is regarded as a good farm¬ 
ing soil. 
Sassafras loam. —This type consists of a light-brown loam under¬ 
lain by reddish yellow to yellow heavy loam to silty clay loam of a 
moderately friable structure. At 28 inches coarser material consisting 
of a yellowish red to reddish-yellow sandy loam is encountered. This 
type occurs upon terraces in the Coastal Plain, and the drainage is always 
good. It is one of the best farming soils in that region and is adapted to 
general farm crops. 
Collington loam. —This soil is a brown loam or heavy loam having 
a faint reddish to greenish cast. Below 10 to 14 inches the subsoil is a 
greenish brown, moderately friable clay loam or clay. This soil is 
derived from green sand deposits of the Coastal Plain. It is a productive 
soil well suited to general farm crops. 
class 11 
Spencer silt loam. —The surface soil to an average depth of 10 
inches consists of a grayish brown silt loam. The subsoil is a yellowish 
brown to gray silt loam which becomes heavier with depth and grades 
into a silty clay loam at 16 to 20 inches. Below this the color of the 
lower subsoil is a yellowish brown to yellow mottled with gray, and the 
texture is usually heavier and more compact than the upper subsoil. 
The topography varies from undulating to gently rolling. The type 
was derived by weathering from a silty layer overlying the granitic 
drift. It is regarded as a good general-farming and dairying soil. 
Helmer loam and silt loam. —This soil is a pale-yellow or light- 
brown loam or silt loam of rather compact structure 6 to 12 inches deep. 
The upper subsoil is of a lighter yellow color, but is similar in texture and 
structure to the soil. The lower subsoil below 24 to 30 inches is a pale- 
yellow or grayish yellow material of similar or heavier texture, forming 
a compact hardpan. The type is derived from wind-laid material. 
The topography is undulating to rolling, and drainage is; well estab¬ 
lished. But little of the type is cleared and cultivated. Small grains 
and timothy are grown to a limited extent. 
