PLATE 41 
1. Second xylem-phloem ring in Plate 37, figure 2, showing a group of tracheae, 
etc., lying at right angles to the long axis of the stem as in crowngall and sweeping out 
(direction of the arrow) into the pith (toward the pith cavity). Below, at either 
side, xylem-phloem normally oriented. Tr, tracheae. X160. 
2. A portion of the fourth (imperfect) xylem-phloem ring in Plate 37, figure 2, 
showing tracheae with cambium at their left, near the pith cavity, which is in the 
direction of the arrow, the second xylem-phloem being a little beyond this field at 
the right. X160. 
3. Like figure 2, but another part of the fourth xylem-phloem cylinder showing 
tracheae, cambium, and sieve tubes. Same magnification. The pith cavity lies in 
the direction of the arrow. 
