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VOL. XXIX. No. a. 
WHOLE No. 1250. 
NEW YORK, AND ROCHESTER, N. Y„ JAN. 10, 1874. 
PRICE SIX CENTS. 
82.50 PER YEAR. 
_[En tered accordin g to Act of Congress, . , the your 1874, by the Rural Puhllahtng Corn] the office of the T.ihrarian of Congress at Washington.] 
Jlitral gtrcMtccturc, 
CORNELL UNIVERSITY BARN. 
The general arrangement of tkis building 
was planned by Prof. MoCandleb$ to intro¬ 
duce the Scotch system of stock raising, mod¬ 
ified as he thought advisable to adapt it to 
this country and climate. It was only ne¬ 
cessary to listen to his explanation to be con¬ 
vinced that the plan ia at least a thoroughly 
well studied one, and 1 have no doubt if used 
as designed, it will prove a very convenient 
bam. While it i3 not a building likely to be 
copied by our farmers, there are many points 
taken into consideration that many who are 
about to build would do well to consider also. 
A site was selected, or rather the building 
was adapted to the site in such a way that 
the drive leads to cither of the three stories. 
The basement serves as a stock shed and a 
store room for the manure from all parts of 
the building, the liquid manure draining into 
the cement tank in the center. In the loca¬ 
tion of the hog pen warmth has been con¬ 
sidered of more consequence than light. The 
engine room placed where lire would least 
endanger the building, and where coal could 
be dumped from above. 
On the second floor one thing deserving of 
special mention is the box stalls—or perhaps 
what requires the most explanation, is their 
construction and method of using. It will 
be seen, by referring to the transverse sec¬ 
tion, that the floor is some two feet lower 
than the floor in the other part of the build¬ 
ing, and that it is slop¬ 
ed so that the liquid 
will drain into the 
basement. The stock 
is turned loose in the 
stalls, fed and littered 
down daily, but the 
stalls are not cleaned 
out until spring. 
Where the climate is 
as cold as it is here, 
this is probably a good 
way—at least, it an¬ 
swers well in Scot¬ 
land. 
The trollys, 8, S, are 
iron steam tanks on 
wheels, used for 
steaming and convey¬ 
ing the feed to the cat¬ 
tle. They are placed 
convenient to the 
straw and root cut¬ 
ters, and where a 
steam pipe from tho 
engine boiler may be 
readily connected 
with them. The plan 
of using is to fill the 
tanks with alternate 
layers of cut straw or 
chaff and cut roots ; 
cook the mass and 
transport it in the 
same tank to the 
stalls. While one tank 
full is being fed out 
the other is cooking. 
The horse stalls are 
completely partition¬ 
ed off from the cattle 
so that the feeding 
one, which comes at 
a different time, will 
not excite the other. 
The conveying of bay, grain, vegetables 
or water, after they aio once in store, is 
either down or at most on av> V eI, and all the 
The building, which is now nearly com¬ 
pleted will, when finished, cost, I suppose, 
about $6,000, and is entirely one of the many 
i.rr*; 
LOWER FLOOR 
manure is got rid cf by dropping It through 
trap doors. The store room for hay and 
grain on the third floor is so roomy that the 
carts whiah Prof. McSanulesb proposed to 
use could be driven to any part, unloaded, 
turned around and driven out again without 
the usual hacking. The building admits of 
using a threshing machine on the second 
floor and driven by a stationary engine ; or 
the threshing may be done on the third floor 
in the ordinary way. 
upper Fteon 
gifts of Mr. Cornell. 
EXPLANATION OT PLANS. 
Lower Floor or Bmerrv.nt.— 1. Manure 
Shed, 30x90 ; 2. Liquid Manure Tank ; 3. 
Hog Peu, 32x36 ; 4. Engine Room, 16x20 ; 5. 
Fuel, 12x16. 
Stock or Middle Floor (See page 20).—6. 
Root Cellar, 34x36 ; 7. Chaff Foom ; 8, 8, 
Trollys ; 9. Grain Bins ; 10. Implements, 25x 
40 ; 11. Horse Stalls ; 13. Cows and Calves, 
11x12 ; 13. Young Cattle ; 14. Box Stalls, 12 
C-OArt 1ST-EnLU. UN1VBHSITY BAIUST - PEItSPBOTIVE 
x20 ; 15. Cistern, 12x20; 16. Floor, 12x100 ; 
17, 17. Feeding Passage ; 18. Work Bench ; 
19. Hand Tools ; 20. Harness Case ; 21. Pas¬ 
sage ; 26. Trap Doors ; 28. Feeding Hole for 
Swine. 
Upper Floor— 24. Store Room for Hay 
aucl Grain; 25. Opening through Floor for 
Ventilator and Straw : 23. Granary • 22 
Office. * 
Transverse Section—(See page 26). 
Ithaca, N. Y. j. e. g, 
WIRE NETTING FOR PLASTERING. 
WrRE netting for plastering, we are in¬ 
formed, is being rapidly Introduced to take 
the place of laths. It takes leas labor to 
place on the walls, is more continuous and 
will not burn, Coarse netting with one-inch 
mesh, and made of strong wire, is found to 
answer best. For ornamental cornice work 
it is especially valuable, as it. can be bent into 
any desired form. Secured to iron studding 
in a brick building, our greatest danger on 
account of fire would bo removed. A still 
further application of this plan is to make 
round lia.gs of wire resembling barrels and 
to coat them inside and out with cement. 
When It hardens they resemble stone bar¬ 
rels. Filled with sand and mink in rows aud 
masses they make excellent materials for 
breakwaters. Another extension of the idea 
has been tried with’ succoss in England. It 
consists in making iron-framed buildings, 
covering them with wire netting, and spread¬ 
ing concrete on both sides. It is claimed 
that a house, walls, floors, roofs, doors, par¬ 
titions and all, has been built that is strong; 
firm and absolutely incombustible. Various 
applications of the use 
of wire netting and 
plaster or cement, 
readily suggest them¬ 
selves, and the matter 
is worthy of the at¬ 
tention of mechanics 
and builders. 
*-»♦» - 
1 EARTH CLOSETS 
AND CESS-POOLS. 
Having had some 
experience, with im¬ 
perfect arrangements, 
in th e use of dry muck, 
dry earth aud coal 
ashes, as absorbents 
and deodorizers, I de 
termined, in planning 
a new house, which I 
have recently built, to 
have an earth closet 
which should be a 
success. The main 
house is nearly square, 
.with an extension; 
the latter containing, 
first, a laundi’y or 
sum mer kitchen, then 
the earth closet, then 
the garden tool-room 
— these three rooms 
all communicating 
with a small hall or 
entry, to which there 
is also a door opening 
upou a piazza and a 
door to the stairs lead¬ 
ing to the garret. The 
vault is about feet 
deep, is laid in and 
lined with cement, 
and has a floor of 
—„ several inches of 
VIE W. 
