PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
MEAL. LITE HAUL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
Fou iidel* 
D. T. ZVIOORE, 
and ("orici uotiuR JOctitor 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER, 
AsMocinti* Editors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D.„ Cortland Village, N. Y., 
EniTOK OF 'III M DltrAUTMX.vr of SlIKItr HrKIlANPKV. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M„ Little Falls, N. Y., 
EDITOR OF Tim DkI'ARIMKNT ok DaII'.Y flL'FniXPKF. 
G. A. C. HAltNETT, Publisher. 
TERMS, IN ADVANCE: 
Hubserlption.-Single Copy, per Year. To 
Clubs:—Five Copies,and one copy froe to Agent or 
setter up of Club, for $12.Ml; Seven Copies, and one 
tree, for $lt!j Ten Copies, and one free, $20—only $2 
per copy As we are obliged to pre-pay the American 
postage on papers mailed to foreign countries. Twenty 
Cents should be added to above rules for each yearly 
copy mailed to Canada, and Odo Hollar per copy to 
Europe. Drafts, Post-Office Money Orders and Regis¬ 
tered Letters may be mulled at our risk. Liberal 
Premiums to all Club Agon Is who do not take freo 
copies. Specimen Number*. Show-Hills, Ac., sent free, 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
Inside. 14th and 15th pages (Agate space).60c. per line. 
" 13th page. 70 “ 
Outside or last page...1.00 “ 
Fifty per cent, extra for unusual display. 
Special Notices, leaded, by count.1.25 “ 
Business “ 1.50 " 
Heading “ 2.00 “ 
Discount on 1 insertions. 10 per ot.:8 ins., 15 per ot.; 
131ns., 20 per ct.; 26 Ins., 25 per ct.; 52 ins., 33R per ct. 
Crf'No advertisement inserted for loss than $3. 
PUBLICATION OFFICES: 
No, 5 Beekman Street, New York City, and No. 82 
Buffalo Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
<cfl-57>•. 
M0.O HE’S 
c. 
dtSiiSi-, 
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1874. 
REDUCTION OF ADVERTISING RATES. 
THE BUBAL LEADS THE VAN! 
The Rural New-Yorker, as will be seen 
by reference to figures above, (river Editorial 
heading,) has materially reduced its Advertising 
Kates. Tf we are not mistaken, ours is the first 
leading paper in the country to recognize in 
1 Ms manner the pressure of t he times caused 
by the recent panic, and to inaugurate what 
must be regarded as a reform In prices. This 
course is taken in behalf of the Interests of 
trade and manufactures, and tho producing 
classes generally, as well as in anticipation of 
lower (if not specie basis) prices In most depart- 
JOINT STOCK FARMING. 
This is attracting attention and causing dis¬ 
cussion in England. A magazine writer pre¬ 
dicts tho time wlil come when farming will be 
a commercial speculation, carried on by large 
Joint stock concerns, issuing shares of greater 
or less value, and occupying from three to ten 
thousand acres. The author thinks that “such 
companies would, perhaps, purchase the entire 
sewage of an adjacent town. Their buildings, 
their streets of cattle-stalls, would be placed 
on a slope sheltered from the northeast, but 
near the highest spot on the estate, so as to 
distribute manure and water from their reser¬ 
voirs by the power of gravitation. A st at ion¬ 
ary steam engine would crush their cuke and 
pulp their roots, pump their water, perhaps 
even shear (heir sheep. They would employ 
butchers and others, a whole staff, to kill and 
cut up bullocks in pieces suitable for the Lon¬ 
don market, transmitting their meat straight 
to the salesman, without the Intervention 
of the dealer. That salesman would himself 
be entirely in t he employ of the company, and 
sell no other meat but what they supplied him 
with. This would at once give a larger profit 
to the producer, ami a lower price (In compar¬ 
ison) to the public, in summer, meat might 
be cooled by the ice house or refrigerator, 
which must necessarily be attached to the 
company's bacon factory. Except In particu¬ 
lar districts, it is hardly probable that the 
dairy would be united with the stock farm ; 
but if so, the ice house would again come into 
requisition, and there would be a Condensed 
milk factory on the premises.*' 
This is by no means such an Eutoplanscheme 
as it may seem, even in this country. It is no 
more impossible nor Impracticable than the 
present concentration and employment of cap¬ 
ital In manufacturing would iiavc seemed 5 1 
years since. On the contrary, it is entirely 
practicable, provided the “coming farmer "la 
at hand ! Associated cheese and butter manu¬ 
facture In this country area stop In this dime- j 
tion, The handling and disposal of live stock ! 
in the extended stock yards and abattoirs of 
tho country is another step. The association 
of men and women in such industrial commu¬ 
nities as the Oneida, Shaker and other semi- 
rcligious communities is an Index of the possi¬ 
bilities which the association of capital and its 
Intelligent direction in agriculture may result ! 
in. Any such organization which shall gather 
and utilize the sewerage waste of our large 
cities, which shall make tho solid and liquid I 
excrement of dense populations of commercial 
value as a productive agency, and which shall 
employ the moat economical methods and 
agents in the growing, harvesting and market¬ 
ing of produce, will have reason to rejoice at 
the investment. Want of capital, of business 
capacity, of system, of economy, in tbc mau- 
agemenl and development of resources. Is t he 
chief obstacle to agricultural progress In this 
country. Combine these elements and essen¬ 
tials, and secure lheir co-operation, and suc¬ 
cess Is as certain as It is to follow f he cheaper 
production of any article which humans regard 
as necessities. 
With the present competition in production, 
American farmers have these facts to face ami 
to meet. This follows as certainly as the old 
woolen mills, where the farmer took hia wool 
to be carded into rolls, spun into yarn and 
woven into cloth on shares, have given place to 
the Immense establishments that nmv buy the 
wool from the sheep's back for cash and sell 
tlin manufactured product through Jobbers 
and merchants for cash. The tendency of all 
productive forces Is towards combination. 
ing cattle arc 30 cents per head and 10 cents 
per head for weighing, and 5 cents per head for 
yarding and weighing sheep, ties idea the profit, 
to be made on the feed supplied, it will be 
easy to.discover whence a portion of the in¬ 
come from such an investment is derived. 
Each of these yards Is supplied with water, 
feed racks, Ac. The sheep pens are all under 
cover, and are located in the upper story of the 
abattoir, a building 300 by 400 feet in area, 
which does not Include that portion devoted 
to the offings of the company, live stock bro¬ 
kers and storage room for feed. The area 
above named on the first floor is devoted ex¬ 
clusively to the slaughtering of cattle. Con¬ 
crete floors, an abundance of water, gas in 
every’ portion of the building, and all modern 
facilities for slaughtering, dressing and hang¬ 
ing carcasses and salting the. hides are pro¬ 
vided. Tt has a capacity for hanging 2,500 our- 
caases at one time, and 8,000 head of cattle can 
be easily slaughtered and disposed of per 
week. This abattoir Is divided into what are I 
called “ boxes," which are rented to cit y butch¬ 
ers and dealers in meat, who do their own 1 
slaughtering. The company does none of it. 
it is intended and expected to make tills abat¬ 
toir the great wholesale meat market, for New 
York and Jersey Cities and the suburbs. A 
large proportion of this trade now centers at 
Washington Market, in New York. 
The arrangements for delivering stock and 
for cleansing the yards and abattoir are very 
complete. Eighty cars of stock can be unload¬ 
ed at a time into the Bhutan. The excrement I 
which will accumulate is sold and delivered on 
itjis the first, respectable Catalogue that has 
ever been sent us by an English seedsman, with 
a request that wo notice it; and because it is 
apparently a recognition of the fact that Amer¬ 
icans are good customers. 
•-- 
Much Valuable Time Ih Lost in whrt, people 
call leisure hour s. For example, after the day's 
work is done many persons remain idle, think¬ 
ing in that way to get rest. Much more effect¬ 
ive rest, however, can bo obtained by a gentle 
exorcise of the brain, while the body is still. 
We therefore call the attention of all farmers 
generally, and constant readers of the Rural 
particularly, to our list of books published on 
another page, from a careful perusal of which 
they will surely find some book of practical 
value to them in their dally avocations, by the 
reading of which they can improve their lei¬ 
sure hours. 
- m -- 
Look Where the First Patch is Put !—J. F. 
Uailky, from somewhere in New Hampshire, 
is a “brick ”—at. least he talks w-eil! We liko 
to read such wholesome truths as these, even 
if expressed Iti homely phrase. Mr. Bailey is 
reported as saying: - * 4 Wo have a class that 
protend to he termers that do not farm; they 
are drones. They go to bed at six o’clock in 
the evening and lie there until eight or nine 
the next, morning. The first, patch on their 
pants is put on the seat." Wo can add nothing 
to tho force of such a statement,; but we ask 
our readers when they hear a man croaking 
about tho hard lot of farmers to look where 
the first patch was put on ills pants. It will be 
meats of business. Recognizing the fact that Compel ition Is forcing this, 'Hie scarcity of 
. , . , , . I.! . labor and I lie recognition of differences in 
the panic delayed and paralyzed b.isiueaato a opacity and flk „, , n i m ] ivJdua i 8 lor the con- 
great. extent all over the Continent, Moore’s duct of any business is sure to bring about 
RURAL, believing in retrenchment, as well as such results, sooner or later, as this writer sug- 
“ Progress and Improvement," Inaugurates low K e8 ^ s - We commend I hit; subject to the atten- 
w twin* to ArU.*;n«lT.n. tlon of ,,ur agricultural readers. 
the panic delayed ami paralyzed business to a 
great extent all over the Continent, Moore’s 
Rural, believiiiB retrenchment, as well as 
“ Progress and Improvement," Inaugurates low 
prices by fixing its Advertising Rates below the 
standard of t heir value. In doing this we make 
the Rural an exemplar and leader—as it has 
been in many instances during the past twenty- 
four years— for it leads the van in the reduc¬ 
tion of rates at a season when its circulation is 
being rapidly augmented all overt lie country—a 
circulation, by the way, Which not only extends 
over every State and Territory of the Union, 
but the adjacent Provinces of Canada, &c. 
That Advertisers who wish to reach the eyes, 
ears and purses of Soil Cultivators and other 
Producers and Consumers, in Town and Coun¬ 
try, will appreciate this reduction wo are con¬ 
fident. And we trust they will not “ forget to 
remember” that a paper of the age, reputation 
and wide circulation of tho Rural New- 
Yorker ought to be, as it is, a first-class ad¬ 
vertising medluqi; also* that a journal of its 
price and standing is usually taken by people 
of more means and stability than cheap and 
ephemeral publications. In other words,— 
those who take the Rural can afford to pur¬ 
chase such goods, wares and hereditaments as 
are usually offered in ..lie advertising depart¬ 
ments of first-class journals of large circulation. 
Wholesale Merchants, Manufacturers, Nur¬ 
serymen, Ac., find it profitable to advertise in 
the Rural, and we think it. would prove ad¬ 
vantageous to those having live stock, farini® 
seeds, or other articles for sale, tu ilo likewise. J 
| boats which deliver it, to farmers along tho an excellent way to determine tho value of his 
coast and the adjacent rivers. No rendering is utterances. 
done at the abattoir. All the blood and en- -_ 
trails of slaughtered animals Is saved, loaded Farm Accounts and Making Farming p« y .- 
and\h«nnaH To A correspondent of the Maine Farmer thus 
and shipped at once back to the Hackensack ..rut,,, , . . r . 
river, three miles away, where the company’s . T f f^’^'^farming 
swine yards are located, and where these ani- we commcnd what h ° ^ to f - vcr * 
mala are slaughtered. These swine yards have I 
a yarding capacity for 25,000 swine and But ill- is . u common saying of late years that 
ties for slaughtering 10,00(1 hogs per day are l kno^lt: paid me 
provided; and this enormous number can be well, and I intend to make it pay me better, 
hung in cars, provided expressly for this pur- although I have learned many bitter lessons 
pose, and delivered at tin docks of the coni- 1 commenced on a farm. I know how 
much It has cost me, because 1 have always 
, , , w kept an accurate account of all rny operations, 
\\e are indebted to Messrs. Isaac Freese and I have derived much benefit from them, 
and A. M, Fuller (of the firm of M artel Ful- Those thoughts have been suggested while 
leu A Co., St. Louis shippers.) Superintend- j^lfig over my accounts with my farm for tho 
ents, for the facts above given. D. H. SffRii- ! *' '* ir * _ 
man is the live stock agent and superintendent | ’ ... .. . . 
of tho stock department of the Pennsylvania I ' or *' , « n < * rnm Markets.—Our latest foreign 
Railroad, which delivers this enormous amount mlvices U P to ■*' in - 11 Ly mail, indicate a steady 
Of Hvc freight, here. By tho way, It may inter- . em “ K of prices in tho principal European 
eat some of our readers to know something of \ mar ^ ets - 111 e total reserve of wheat in 
( ho mode of delivery. For Instance, all catt le <! * cvon Principal British porta is aligntly 
shipped over this road to the market from any 2,Y er a l l ,iar ters against 1,500,000 in 1872. 
point west of Philadelphia are shipped via • Y H! stock of barley Is about one-half, of oats 
Philadelphia, where they arc unloaded, f, d, i ' j iroe - 1 j. ru ;* iu,< l corn only about one-fourth 
watered and allowed to rest five or six hours, iat 1 10 8ame ' one last year. Tho Conti- 
before being forwarded hither. A stock train nc . ntiiJ ” iarkct s uro very strong in tone and 
leaves Pittsburg Monday at 1 o'clock P. M. : pncps ^vanelng. 
arrives at Philadelphia at fi P. M. Tuesday; the j * “*- 
cattio arc unloaded,, fed, Ac.; reshipped and Electrotypes of Engravings.—Publishers and 
run into Jersey City in time for Wednesday’s others wishing electrotypes ofengravings given 
market. So a train which leaves Pittsburg If* the Rural New-Yorker, “ Willard's Prac- 
Tuesday reaches Jersey City in time for Thurs- ; H 03 * Dairy Husbandry," the “People’s Practi- 
day'a market; leaving Wednesday, for Friday's cal Poultry Book." and the “Practical Shop- 
market; leaving Thursday and Friday, for " can obtain the same, at reasonable 
Monday’s market. No stock are sold at those P r * cea « on application at this office. We have 
yards on Sunday. the original wood ruts of most of the engrav- 
We have thus given our readers an idea of pa8t t " en - 
the latest enterprise inaugurated hero for sup- ' J t . , furnish.electrotypes on ^ort 
Plying New York and adjacent cities with DOtl ° e “ d at stunning" prices, 
meat. The proximity of these yards and abut- .... *** 
toir to the business portion of the city will '»lve» arc usually sensible. For example, 
render It easy for any stranger to visit them at. Martin Z. Bingham, Peoria Co., 111., writes 
little expense, either of time or money; and if 8aya siie mU8t anc l w(U have the Rubai. 
the visit Is made on either of the four market “ saln ' 80 P leaat5 pocket the Inclosed $2.50 P. O. 
days named above, we feet contldent he will Money-Order and send It along, for it is truly 
feel repaid therefor. welcome. We would be pleased to have your 
picture so wo cau keep it in our new album." 
As to the picture, our readers shall have it 
(D. V.) when wo attain gray hairs, dignity and 
I that half million of subscribers! 
-- 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
The World Almanac for 1874 ia full of inter¬ 
esting political facts and figures. 
Alfred Biudckman, 876 Broadway, N. Y 
City, sends to us his annual Catalogue of seeds. 
It is reported faom Berne that Fleuro-pneu- 
monla is prevailing extensively in many parts 
of {Switzerland. 
“ Sovereigns of Industry " i- the name of 
a new mechanics’ protective order similar to 
Patrons of Husbandry among farmers. 
WEhavo a long report of the proceedings of 
the Vermont Dairymen’s Association from Mr. 
V\ illaed, which will appear in our columns 
next week. 
y, l*; l T lo inform our “ Subscriber" at 
J 1 all Kiver, tlmr un aiiswtjr tu his Ques¬ 
tion involves :i knowledge of facts which he 
does not furnish us. 
Several answers to questions relative to 
seeds and treat meat of cuttings, Ac., are crowd¬ 
ed out of our Arboricultural Department this 
week, but will appear soon. 
J. G. B., who wants to learn all he can about 
stock growing in Colorado, is recommended to 
address J. L. Bailey, PreR. Colorado Stock 
Growers' Ass’n, Denver, C-oi. 
THE NEW JERSEY STOCK YARDS 
AND ABATTOIR. 
If a stranger is in New Y'otk, near the City 
Hall, and desires to visit the stock yards and 
abattoir of the Now Jersey Stock Yards and 
Transit Co., recently opened, he should goto 
the northwest corner of City Hall Park and 
west on Chambers street until he reaches Pa- 
voniu Kerry ; take a boat and cross the Hudson 
river into Jersey City. He will land within 
few hundred feet, of these yards, which he can 
reach by a row boat in a few moments, by pay¬ 
ing five cents to a boatman. He will find these 
yards and the buildings covering 22 acres of 
Witter, for they are built, on piles driven in 
Haralmua Cove, at an expeu.se of $500,000, and 
are surrounded on three sides by water. The 
entire yards and buildings, including offices 
ami abattoir, will cost when completed, (which 
will speedily he accomplished,) about $900,000. 
They have a Capacity for receiving and accom¬ 
modating 6,000 cattio and 28,000 sheep at one 
time. Only cattle and sheop are received here. 
All the cattle and sheep designed for the New 
York market which pass over the Pennsylva¬ 
nia Central Railroad and its tributary roads 
are delivered here. The extent of this traffic 
will be better understood when we state that 
this mad delivered at the Communipaw Yards 
(now closed) during the 5 'ear ending January 
1,1874. 233,559 head of cattle, 256,530 sheep, and 
704,551 swine. Of these receipts there were 
slaughtered at Communipaw 30,336 cattle, 700,- 
SS1 hogs, and 250,510 sheep. 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
The Kura) Reports Progress.— We are confi¬ 
dent that the friends of this journal will lie 
gratified to learn that it made good progress 
during the first month of its Twenty-Fifth Y'oar 
—January, 1871. Though the times hare been 
hard, a host of our Agent-Friends have been 
active and efficient, adding largely to our cir¬ 
culation in various parts of the country'—and 
many promise such efforts in the immediate 
future as will secure handsome accessions to 
our list in their respective localities. And we 
trust others will join in this movement to place 
the Rural upon a firmer basis than ever before 
—thus aiding in giving it a much larger circula¬ 
tion and Consequent arena of usefulness. Many 
Agents have done well; will not others follow 
t heir example ?—and may we not expect, efforts 
from both old and new subscribers who are 
favorably located for forming clubs, or other¬ 
wise forwarding the interests of the paper? It 
Is not too late to start new dubs, and additions 
to present ones (whether by ones, twos, fives or 
tens,) are always in order and acceptable. 
An English Seed Catalogue,—We are fre- 8 j°i ^ row * !J » in Colorado, is recommended to 
quently asked by American amateurs to whom, Growers^A^shf itenver^m Colorado Stock 
across the w ater,they can forw ard an order for c ’ ’ 
English seeds. We usually reply that they can l.Tho " f Wisconsin has passed a bill for- 
order anything in foreign markets through this infended‘to°prev^)y'the'ule 1 of piri^ee^ 
home seed houses. But here we have a beauti- in the destruction of the potato beetle ? 
ful and elaborate Catalogue of the Royal Berk- The statement was made to us the other dar 
shire Seed Establishment of Sutton A Bovs, that a California firm had made the past year 
Reading, Eng., which rivals in completeness on an investment of $30,000 in the culture of 
and beauty, as well as in Impractical informa- 
tion given, any of the Catalogues of American the authority*uf a 'Calilorhian^ familiar^with 
When it is known that the charges for yard- . seedsmen. We mention it thus fullv, because the foots. 
