9 
884 
CORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER 
PROCRESS AND IMPROVEMENT. ’ 
MOORE’S RURAL Of-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
III!UAL, LITKIIAEV ANII KAIHIU KKffSPAPKE. 
D. D. T. IffiOOKE, 
Kounder nnd ConductiuK Kdiior. 
CHAS. D. BRA.GD0N, ANDREW S. FULLER, 
Associate lC(litorn. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, N. Y., 
Editor op tiik Depaiitmiint ok Sheep Hobkandrv. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Editor of the Department of Dairy Hoprandrv. 
G. A. V. BAUNETT, Publielivr. 
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getter up of Club, for 112.50; Seven Copies, and imp 
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per copy. As we are obllired to pre-pay Hie Amerlcan 
postage on pa pore mailed to foreign r. mntrles. Twenty 
Cents should be added to above rules for eaoli yearly 
copy mulled to Canada, and one Dollar per copy to 
Euiope. Drafts, Post-Ofltce Money Orders and Regl* 
tered Letters may be mailed at our risk. E *r i .mend 
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copies, specimen Numbers, Show-Bills. &c„ sent free. 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
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SATURDAY, JUNE 13, 1874. 
0UE SUMMER CAMPAIGN! 
NEW HALF-YEARLY VOLUME OF THE RURAL! 
RENEW !— SUBSCRIBE ! 
Volume XXX. of the Rural Nkw-Yobker 
will commence on tho ever-memorable Fourth 
of July, and Close with December -comprising 
Twenty-six Numbers. All our readers, and 
especially Agents and Subscribers those par¬ 
ticularly who can and are disposed to aid in 
extending tho Rural's circulation and bene¬ 
fits among thatr neighbors and other fellow- 
citizens—are requested to not e t his announce¬ 
ment, bearing in mind that both Single and 
Club Subscriptions for f.lie New Volume (or 
the ensuing year) arc now in order and will lie 
gratefully received from all parts of the Union, 
Canada, &e. Agents and all others disposed to 
form clubs (and we trust their name is legion) 
are notified that Specific Premiums, extra free 
copies, etc., will be allowed on the same liberal 
scale as at the beginning of the year. Clubs 
for premiums may be made up of six months 
(volume) or annual subscriptions, or portions 
of each—two of the former counting for one of 
tlie latter. The present is a good time to form 
new clubs (for either si x mont hs or a year) and 
to make additions to present ones, and in 
either case premiums will lie allowed In accord¬ 
ance with our liberal oilers. Premium Lists, 
Specimens, &c., sent promptly, post-paid, to all 
disposed to add to old or form new clubs. 
That the Rural New-Yorker has improved 
during the past six months we have the volun¬ 
tary testimony of both People and Press—many 
letters and notices averring that we have made 
good the announcement that it should be bet- 
ter than ever before. But we desire to manifest 
still greater progress in the future, and with 
the kindly aid of near and distant friends 
Agents, Subscribers, Correspondents, and oth¬ 
ers hope to continuously enhance the interest 
and usefulness of a Journal which was long 
since pronounced “ by far the best and most 
complete Rural,Literary and Fa mily Week¬ 
ly on the Continent." And now, Good Friends 
all over the land—from one end of this broad 
Rural America to the other—we again present 
the Rural New-Yorker for increased sup¬ 
port, upon its merits alone, believing that every . 
addition to its augmenting circulation will re- ! ! 
doundtothe prosperity and happiness of the , 
People and Country. ' < 
FALLACIES OF LIFE INSURANCE.—XI. 
Though the purely mathematical part of life 
insurance has few attractions, except for those 
who have a taste for arit hmetic, some acquaint¬ 
ance with the elementary and simpler processes 
is indispensable to a clear comprehension of 
the relations of insurer and insured. The whole 
matter would he very simple indeed, If fire and 
life insurance were conducted upon the nine 
principle that of adjusting the premium to the 
losses and expenses of the current year. This 
plan, as hns been previously observed, would 
involve the use of an Increasing premium, to 
provide for a proportional Increase of mortality 
as the Insured became older. The man who 
could be insured one thousand dollars for a 
premium of $8.03 at 1.hlrt.y-l!vft, would be re¬ 
quired to pay t wice as much at fifty-two, three 
times as much at fifty-seven, four times as much 
at sixty-three ami five t imes at sixty-six, to say 
nothing of t ho enormously Incri-aned charges at 
out lying ages. The use of an ascending scale 
of premiums would be inconvenient to the 
policy holder who desired insurance after the 
age of seventy, but. scarcely more so than to 
the company which might find little protit in a 
pure Insurance business, but does a very profit¬ 
able business by substituting an equal premium 
and becoming, as the custodian of reserves, a 
bank of deposit. 
The real process of Insuring Is (Ids: A parly 
thirty-five years old, who might be Insured a 
thousand dollars one year for $8.03, Is required 
to pay a level or commuter's premium of $10.87, 
with an addition of $6,51 for expenses,and from 
thi- payment begins a series of deposits of 
money with t lie company, which, If continued 
to t lie age of one hundred, would equal the face 
of I he policy. Thus, $11 04, a part of the net 
premium $10.87, Is deposited. With Interest at 
four per cent, this deposit will be $11.18 at the 
end of tho year. In ease of death during tho 
year the company would have $11.48 of the 
policy holder’* money to pay his loss with. 
The company therefore risks one thousand dol¬ 
lars- less $11.48, or really only $088.5". Tho 
company ehargos for this (at the rate of $8.03 
per thousand) $$.83, mid this disposes of the re¬ 
mainder of the not premium, for $11.04 “dr- 
/losff," and $8.83 “cost of inmrance. equal 
$0-87- The policy holder saves ten cents by de¬ 
positing $11.04. He could be insured $1,000 for 
$8.03 by the natural or ascending premium, but 
gets by the level premium plan $988.52 worth of 
Insurance for $8.83 by insuring himself $11.48 
t hat is by depositing this sum to be paid back 
in ease of death. 
The effect of subsequent deposits maybe more 
conveniently seen in the subjoined table. Ool- 
ume 1st, the ages; col. 2d, 3d, 4th and 5th, the 
expenses allowance; the cost of insurance; the 
reserve or self-insurance deposit, and the com¬ 
pany’s risk or actual insurance ; 
1 
a 
3 
4 
5 
45 
$6.51 
$8.83 
$11.18 
$988.52 
86 
6.51 
8.91 
23.34 
976.66 
37 
6.51 
8 98 
. 35.00 
904.41 
38 
6.51 
9.07 
4K.25 
951.76 
39 
6.51 
9.14 
61.31 
938.66 
441 
6.51 
9.22 
1 74.86 
925.15 
41 
6.51 
9.30 
88.84 
911.16 
42 
6.51 
9.39 
103-49 
896.71 
43 
6.51 
9.54 
118.16 
891.84 
44 
6.51 
9.75 
133.41 
866.59 
45 
6.51 
9.99 
149.02 
850.97 
41! 
! 6.51 
10.31 
164.92 
835.08 
47 
6.51 
10.64 
181.11 
818.90 
48 
6.51 
11.00 
197.56 
802.44 
49 
6.51 
11 37 
214,80 
785.70 
fid 
6.51 
11.78 
231.28 
768.72 
61 
6.51 
12.21 
248.50 
761.50 
62 
6.51 
12.67 
265.92 
734.07 
53 
6.51 
13.15 
283.54 
716.40 
54 
6.51 
13.65 
301.34 
098.60 
55 
0.51 
14.18 
319.32 
680.68 
59 
6.51 
14.73 
337.43 | 
602.57 
57 
6.51 
15.29 
855.70 
644.30 
58 
6.51 
15.88 
374.06 
025.94 
59 
6.51 
16.50 
392.53 
607.47 
60 
6.51 
17.18 
411.02 
588.98 
61 
6.51 
17.89 
429.52 
*570.48 
62 
6.51 
18.64 
447.98 
552.02 
63 
6.51 
19.42 
460.36 
533.04 
61 
6.51 
20.28 
484.64 
515.31! 
66 
6.51 
22.07 
502.77 
497.23 
This looks like a formidable array of figures; 
but only by giving them in detail for a series of 
years can tho process of self-insurance be illus¬ 
trated. Jt will be seen that the deposits equal 
one-tenth of the whole face of tho policy at 
the end of eight years, two-tenths in fourteen, 
three-tenths in twenty, four-tenths in twenty- 
five, and one-half in thirty-one years. The ac¬ 
tual insurance granted by the company dimin¬ 
ishes in the same proportion, so that at tho age 
of sixty-five the company insures only five hun¬ 
dred dollars, the policy holder having deposited 
the remaining five hundred. This is the insur¬ 
ance feature of the deposit part of the trans¬ 
action, but where the forfeiture clause is in¬ 
serted in the policy there is another feature 
worth const boring, Should the policy holder 
not pay the second premium he loses at least | 
$11.48 and dividends. Each year the proportion 
that may lie lost by non-payment Increases. If 
he fails to pay the nint h premium he loses and 
the company gains $103.29. At the age of forty- 
eight lie risks nearly two-hundred dollars; at. 
fifty-four, $301 ; at fifty-nine. $392.50; and if Jie 
ceases paying at 65 he loses five hundred dollars. 
Yet, t he policy is almost ceilaiu to be given 
up nnd the deposit, which increases every year, 
lost before the insured roaches tIre age of 
severity. Out of 175,690 policies that hud been 
Issued previous to lsoa, only one hundred were 
on lives beyond the age of seventy-five. The 
chances are so great os to amount almost to 
certainty that the policy will be given up and 
that the company will gain the deposits before 
the insured Is eighty years old. The deposit, on 
an average age is, at eighty, $70o on every thou¬ 
sand insured, though tho gain from forfeiture 
Is not in this proportion, since not one policy 
in a thousand continues in force beyond the 
age of sixty; but whatever the age. the num¬ 
ber of premiums paid before the policy is aban¬ 
doned, or the reasons of the policy holder for 
taking this course as a choice of evils, the for¬ 
feiture of t he reserve is not only a source of 
enormous profit to the company, but a condi¬ 
tion of insurance for which the policy holder 
can see no reasons whatever. 
Looking at the matter with a view to justice 
as well as expediency, it is not. difficult to see 
why a newly-examined, healthy man of thirty- 
six should be charged eleven dollars for the 
privilege of going out of the company. The 
reasons are that he la a good risk, on which the 
company will make money, and his is a new 
policy on which the company has expended 
money. His old decrepit, neighbor, who lias 
been insured thirty-six years, who has paid 
$400 towards others’ losses and $235 towards 
expenses, ami is besides a risk t hat, must, very 
soon become a claim, must pay five hundred 
dollars to get out. Tho company actually im¬ 
poses upon t he policy holder, who proposes to 
do a favor by going oul, a penalt y four hundred 
and thirty-five times as great as upon the new 
policy holder that inflicts an injury. The prac-• 
tioul application of the forfeiture penalty caps 
the climax of our reason. 
-♦♦♦- 
AN ANTI-SECRET SOCIETY PARTY. 
The Anti-Secret Society Convention, held in 
Syracuse last week, adopted strong resolutions 
against, all secret societies making "a special 
opposition to 8peculatlve Free Masonry," and 
also condemning “the Patrons of Husbandry, 
or Grangers, so-called," ns well as “ the secret 
temperance orders," The convention was sub¬ 
sequently changed to a political meeting, and 
culminated in flic adoption of a preamble and 
resolul ion for the formation of a nat ional po¬ 
litical party opposed to secret societies. It is 
to bo christened “The American Party " and 
a platform of principles framed for adop¬ 
tion at a national convention at Indianapolis 
on the third Wednesday of August next, when 
it Is probable that candidates will also be nom¬ 
inated for President and Vice-President. 
Thus much historical. What will he devel¬ 
oped in the future remains to be seen or 
learned. Meant'me the following terse and 
timely article from the Tribune seems to “ fill 
the bill’’ in answer to the arguments of the 
principal speaker at the Convention,—so far, 
especially, as the Patrons of Husbandry are 
concerned: 
Creen on the Crange. 
Mr. Charles W. Green, of whose address at 
Syracuse we published an abstract yesterday, 
seems to be a gentleman of lively temper and 
rich Imagination. Ho has cast his eye over the 
country, and fludlng ii devastated by a mult i¬ 
tude ot plagues, such as sineciirists, swindlers, 
demagogues and Inflationists,he has set him¬ 
self to discover the cause of the national mis¬ 
eries. More fortunate than the philosopher 
who spent thirty years in searching for the 
origin of blue bottle tiles, Mr.Green detect, the 
source of all evil In the course of a few weeks, 
and promptly refers our misfortunes to the 
Patrons of Husbandry. The overthrow of corn- 
mercittlfintcrpilee, the stagnation in trade and 
manufactures, the locking-up of mont-y, the 
clamor for inflation, the birth of innumerable 
schemes for filching money from the Treasury 
under pretense of building national improve¬ 
ments, and the disappearance of everything 
like conscience from national legislation— 
these are some of the bad things directly at¬ 
tributable to the Grange. 
We bud them all before the Grange was 
thought of, and we cannot see that they have 
grown any worse since that association raised 
itself into prominence. Nor does Mr. Green 
attempt to show by what agencies or with what 
motives these unfortunate Farmers’ Clubs have 
compassed such a multitude of mischiefs, ir 
we rightly understand his somewhat hysterical 
address, t he Grange is a secret political organ¬ 
ization. ready to sell itself either to Democrats 
or Republicans, whichever will make it the 
most disreputable offer, aud the Grand Master 
is an irresponsible and conscienceless desjiot, 
whose every word the whole order is sworn to 
obey, while “ puppets in Congress dance at his 
bidding." 
This is very absurd. The farmers have not 
sacrificed their independence by entering the 
Grange, ami they have shown thus tar a most 
sensible resolution to keep the order entiroly 
tree from political embarrassments. Wherever 
an attempt lias been made under the Impulse 
of local excitement t o drag t in* Grange into the 
political arena, the result has shown t hat the 
members as a body were opposed to any such 
prostitut ion of their original purpose, and that 
a perseverance in the. attempt would break up 
the Association. We believe the farmers’ 
movement Is capable of accomplishing great 
good by infusing a new and wholesome element 
into piilltics, giving tin* people a more direct 
control over the nominating conventions, and 
rousing the honest, hardworking multitude to 
the necessity of watching more carefully the 
characters oi public men, and voting only for 
those who cannot be bought, whether they 
spell their Republicanism with a big It or a 
small one. Hut of course the moment, the ( 
farmers’ clubs attach themselves to oil© or the 1 
other of the rival factions in polities, they an- 1 
Mounce their own destruction. They become 
absorbed in "the party," arc swept along by it i 
and never again come to the aunace. The < 
Grange seems to recognize this truth, and we I : 
see in it therefore abundant vitality and the ■ 
promise of boundless usefulness. i 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
“Our Eneinlc* —We see these words used 
with a freedom and unction, a persistence, a 
lack of discretion, and an apparent thought¬ 
lessness which is bot h ludicrous and sadden¬ 
ing- applied by farmers to almost every class 
of Industry upon whose good offices they are 
dependent, and with which they must neees- 
s.ii ily have more or less int imate business rela¬ 
tions. If we go to a farmer to buy bis beef, 
butter or wool, and he will not sell it to us at 
the price we think we ©light to get It for, is he 
necessarily our enemy? or are we necessarily 
his if we refuse to sell him the Rural New- 
Yorker at. less than it costs us? Or are we 
his enemy because we ask him to sell to us 
cheaper than he thinks he can afford to do? 
This seems to us to be about the foundation 
upon which the application of this term is 
based as now popularly applied. Tt is hardly 
wise and certainly cannot always be just to so 
apply it. 
—-- 
The Itiglil In liny where one can Ility Cheap¬ 
est. This is certainly every man’s privilege, 
Just, as it is every producer's prerogative to sell 
where and when he can realize most for his 
produce. It is the way all sorts of business Is 
usually done—the practice not being confined 
to any particular class of human beings that 
we arc aware of. There is a class of persona 
Who are predicting that the good time is com¬ 
ing when a man will be ashamed to ask more 
for anything t ban he would be willing to give 
for it when the moral sense of the people will 
be so refined and purified and high-toned that 
every man will lie willing to sell what he has 
for what, it cost him. Ohr prophetic vision does 
not reach 1 1 that point in the future. It may 
be t hat it is surely coming, for all that. Mean¬ 
time it seems to us pretty certain that most 
men will get all they can for their money, and 
as much money as possible for what they pro¬ 
duce. 
- *■*■* - - 
The Prospects of the Growing Crops are 
fair, but not such, at tin's early day, as to war¬ 
rant us in predicting, as some of our exchanges 
already have, “an abundant harvest." True, 
according to most reports, wheat and corn are 
coming well forward, while the fruit prospect 
is good in many localities. But the prospect 
for other crops, especially potatoes, is not en¬ 
couraging, the unfavorable spring, and at¬ 
tacks of insects, having proved unfavorable 
and damaging. The most encouraging fact for 
the fanner is the short stock of produce on 
hand, here and abroad, whleh will require a 
large surplus to meet the deficiency, while 
prices will necessarily be maintained if not 
advanced. 
Notional Horse Hoeing. — It must be that 
some very ambitious man is setting up a ram 
of straw to knock over her mash by giving 
currency to the statement that it is seriously 
proposed to ask the General Government for 
an annual appropriation to encourage horse 
racing. And yet, on reflecting on the matter 
seriously, we can see no more objection to its 
doing so than to appropriating ah annual sum 
of money to distribute old seeds, weevils, pea- 
bugs, noxious weed-seeds, &e., to confiding 
and grateful and green folk, who really believe 
the Government is doing them a favor thereby. 
-♦♦♦- 
RURAL BREVITIES, 
Mr. H. E. Chttty,P aterson, N. J., has favored 
us with fine blooms of IrU cberica. 
From Dinuke and Conahd Co., West Grove, 
Chester Co., Fa., we have received a box of 
roses. Thanks. 
Thebe is a letter at this office for “ Berry 
vBkiar." If she w ill send us her address it will 
be forwarded. 
X. A. Willard Esq. of the Rural New'- 
Yorkkk is to give an address at the Butter 
Convention at. Indianapolis, June 17. 
We acknowledge the receipt of the Second 
Annual Report of the Wisconsin Dairymen’s 
Association from W. D. Hoard, Secretary. 
JOSIAM Hoopes, well known as the author of 
the be t work on evergreens published in this 
country, sailed for Europe June 4, or was to 
do so. 
We notice by our California exchanges that 
James Vick lias arrived in California and is 
being welcomed there as he deserves, and we 
expected he would be. 
Mrs. C. N. G. is informed that we do not 
advise berto spend five dollars nor five cents in 
purchasing a recipe for “making butter with¬ 
out milk." She might as well expect to live 
without air Evidently there are swindlers in 
her neighborhood. 
OtlR readers who send to us for descriptive 
circulars and price-lists of fowls, seods, trees, 
&c., will save themselves trouble if they re¬ 
member that, the Editors of this paper do not 
keep such documents for circulation. They 
should write direct to advertisers. 
F. R. Elliott has called upon us the past 
week. He is here looking for a home with a 
view to removal from Cleveland. Hi# business 
here will be landscape gardening, and he hopes 
and we believe Ids field of usefulness will be 
enlarged by coming hither to reside. 
Among tho many manufacturers of improved 
machinery for farmers, we take pleasure in 
calling special attention to the ad vertisemenl 
of Messrs. Nichols. Shepard & Co. ot Battle 
Creek, Mich., one of the oldest established and 
most reliable houses in the country. They are 
now turning out rapidly, threshers, with vari¬ 
ous capacities of “mounted " powers, as well 
as separators aloue and portable steam engines. 
They will send, free, illustrated pamphlets and 
circulars, containing full information. 
