JULY 4 
MOORE’S 
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<§an(g ||ttskmlrg* 
A FRIGHTENED COW YIELDS BAD MILK. 
A correspondent asks if the milk of a 
cow badly frightened, a short time previous 
to milking, is a healthy article of food'} 
He says :—“We have a cow that gives good, 
rich milk which we use freely in the family. 
A few days ago she was badly frightened by 
dogs, one of which caught her by the uose a 
short time before the time for milking, and 
the younger children that partook of her 
rnilk were afFoctod with a derangement of 
the bowels, which we attributed, to the 
milk. Aa no such trouble has been ex¬ 
perienced before or since from the use of 
this cow’s milk, and aa we know of no cause 
other than the fright to affect the milk, the 
thought haa occurred that thia was the 
cause. Does the frightening of a cow ever 
affect her milk ?” 
Yes ; fear or any nervous agitation of the 
cow influences more or less the healthful¬ 
ness of her milk for the time being. And 
this is especially the ease with animals of 
highly nervous organizations. Fear acts 
powerfully upon the nervous system, de¬ 
stroying muscular fiber and deranging the 
secretions. We have known colic and bowel 
complaint, induced by taking the milk of a 
badly-frightened cow, and such milk we be¬ 
lieve to be unfit for hu man consumption. It 
is true that the effects from eating such 
milk may not always be noticed because the 
system may be in condition to resist poison¬ 
ous and unhealthy foods at one time better 
than at another. Hence of several persons 
partaking of such milk some may ho affected 
and others not. Instances of this kind are 
frequent among persons who have eaten of 
clioese known to bs poisonous. 
Prof. Hoskokd has given an account of the 
changes produced in muscular fiber by ner¬ 
vous agitation in animals slaughtered for 
beef. He has shown that hi the frightened 
animal there was not only a disintegration 
of the liber, but also a chemical decomposi¬ 
tion of the substance of which the fiber is 
composed, causing it to lose its nutritious 
ness, and accordingly impairing its value ns 
an article of food. He cites many instances, 
showing how the strength and healthfulnoss 
of musch ire diminished by pain, fear or 
fright experienced by animals immediately 
previous to death, in a softening of the 
muscular tissues and in producing such a 
change In their composition, as well as in 
the composition of the juices that are in 
conjunction with them, as is effected by 
fermentation. The chemical substances may 
all remain, but they have arranged them¬ 
selves in new forms of combination, which 
are less fitted for the purpose of ministering 
to the wants of man. 
It is reported that at at the burial of the 
dead at Fair Oaks, it was observed that the 
bodies of the soldiers who were exposed to 
the most dangerous part of the field, and 
were consequently the subjects of extreme 
mental disquietude, were lacking m strength 
of muscle to such an extent that their arms 
drew out of their sockets whenever it was 
attempted to remove the corpses by taking 
hold of the hand. 
There can be no doubt but that milk is 
often seriously injured and rendered un¬ 
healthy from the cureless manner in which 
the cows are managed. Some dairymen 
allow their hands to be extremely brutal at 
limes to animals intrusted to their charge. 
Not (infrequently if a cow is restive during 
milking, or makes a mistep, overturning the 
pail and wasting its contents, the milker is 
allowed to pound her with a heavy stool, or 
bestow sundry kicks and otherwise maltreat 
the animal. Again, many dairymen have 
the habit of bringing up the cows from the 
pasture with dogs, racing them over the 
field at a time when their udders are dis- 
terded with milk, not only causing fright, 
but bodily pain ; and they do .this without 
thinking that the rnilk by these practices is 
injured and often rendered unhealthful and 
unfit for human consumption. We are con¬ 
stantly receiving accounts of the difficulty 
of working milk into a good article of butter 
or cheese, and not unfrequently the whole 
trouble may be traced to the causes we have 
named, Many farmers have yet a lesson to 
lpttrn in regard to the production of milk, 
and the time we hope is not far distant when 
•-very one who keeps cows for milk will 
understand these matters fully and ap¬ 
preciate the responsibility which rests upon 
them. They should feel that the disposal of 
milk from diseased cows, or those cruelly 
treated, is as much a moral wrong as to sell 
any other article of unhealthy food. It is 
only of late years that the public sentiment 
has been awakened in respect to the kind 
treatment of animals. Men now begin to 
learn that the brute creation have certain 
rights which must be respected, and that 
those who pract ice abuses and cruelties are 
amenable to the laws. \V© are also becom¬ 
ing better acquainted with the proper pro¬ 
duction of healthy food, and especially so in 
regard to milk, and when this knowlekge 
shall be generally disseminated and acted 
upon, the healthfulness of our people will be 
promoted. 
-- 
AUCTION SALES OF CHEESE AT THE 
COUNTRY MARKETS. 
The inauguration o? Boards of Trade and 
Market Days for the sole of dairy products 
has generally proved u, success wherever 
properly managed. The plan was first adopt¬ 
ed at Little Falls where, for a number of 
years, the dairy products from the surround¬ 
ing country are collected together on a cer¬ 
tain day of each week, and are sold to the 
various buyers who regularly meet there on 
market days to get their supplies. This plan 
has advantage for both buyer and seller. The 
buyer finds here a variety of st ocks which he 
can inspect, and from which he can select to 
suit his customers. And lie can do this at 
great economy of time and at very little ex 
pense compared wit h the old system of going 
about the country in search of the desired 
goods. He can couut also with certainty 
upon the time the goods will arrive in the 
city, and having a place provided for them, 
the risk of disposing of them at remunerative 
prices is less ; consequently, he can pay more 
and be surer of making a margin than on 
goods bought to be delivered at uncertain 
times, for in the latter ease a considerable 
margin must be allowed to provide against 
loss on account of a change in the market. 
On the other hand, the seller, by having a 
large number of buyers together, some of 
whom are seeking for one quality of goods 
and some for another quality, is able to dis¬ 
pose of his stoeks at the best market rates, 
since the competition among buyers will 
not allow sales to be made much below real 
values. 
Again, the seller, by having a weekly 
market, gets rid of his Stoeks when they are 
in prime condition for marketing, and thus 
escapes the risk of deterioration on account 
of holding, while the loss from shrinkage and 
the labor of taking core Of accumulated 
stocks arc avoided. The expression among 
all thoso lining business at the Little Falls 
Market is unanimous that the establishment 
of regular market days has been of immense 
advantage to both buyer and seller, and this 
expression, we believe, Is generally enter¬ 
tained by those interested in dairy products 
at other places where t he system of market 
days has become established. 
A further improvement in t he sale of dairy 
products is uetdccl. The cheese represented 
at the market — especially when so large 
quantities are offered as at Tiittle Falls and 
Utica should be sold at auction. At Little 
Falls, besides a considerable number of farm 
dairies, between two and three hundred fac¬ 
tories up in market, and sales are often de¬ 
layed until a late hour in the day, often so 
late that salesmen from a distance cannot 
reach home until the middle of the night or 
next morning. We have known the sales of 
factories to be delayed until fi o’clock, I*. M., 
although the salesmen were in the market, 
during the morning, transactions being put, 
off from hour to hour, in the hope of making 
bettor terms. The marketing, therefore, be¬ 
comes unnecessarily tedious, and many com¬ 
plain that this delay of sales is a serious fault 
of the market. This could be remedied by 
resorting to the plan of selling the different 
lots at auction. The plan heretofore urged 
by us is for buyers and sellers to meet, to 
have the goods shown and examined, and if 
not sold at private sale before, say 3 o’clock, 
P. M.. t hen commence selling at auction. By 
giving the seller one bid, no undue advantage 
could be taken in any event, and the market 
value of the goods could be reached and with 
better results to all parties concerned, it is 
believed, than by the present practice. \V"e 
arc glad to see that at the Utica Board of 
Trade this plan of selling cheese at auction 
is to be tried ; and we hope other Boards of 
Trade will algo try the experiment. The 
plan has also been adopted with success in 
England, and we see no reason why it will 
not prove all that could he desired when in¬ 
augurated in this country, 
»-♦» 
Hemp Heed to prevent abortion is recom¬ 
mended by W. It. Duncan, a well-known 
Illinois Short-Horn breeder, who says that 
for twenty years he has not failed to prevent 
abortion in any stage by feeding one pint of 
seed per week, up to the time of delivering, 
in other feed. 
Horseman. 
HORSE IN TROUBLE. 
I am in want of a little information in re 
ard to a disease which is troubling my 
orse. The horse appears to have been 
overheated, although lie has done no more 
work than rnv others and they are not af¬ 
fected. The horse breaks out in small sores 
or lumps all over his body, which, after a 
day or so has passed, break and discharge 
water. 1 cannot, account for it In any other 
way than that lie has been overheated. I 
have looked over my fllenf Rurai.s and find 
nothing in regard to this. If you will oblige 
me by giving a remedy at, your earliest con¬ 
venience, I shall feel thankful.—L. Mason. 
Without seeing the animal, it would not 
be safe to say whether the trouble is surfeit 
or farcy. If the former, the trouble is tern 
porary ; if the latter, it is the incipient stage 
of the glanders and demands prompt treat¬ 
ment. There are two k i mis of farcy—but ton 
farcy, which is superficial, being confined to 
the lymphatic vessels of the skin and yields 
to medical treatment readily ; the other 
makes its appearance at the extremities, 
generally upon the inside of the hind legs, 
which become completely engaged, but the 
swelling is very different from a ligamentary 
thickening, being very uneven, or lumpy, 
excessively tender and painful to the touch. 
Small abscesses are formed, which at first 
discharge a healthy pus, but soon ulcerate 
and discharge a thin, Rani on s matter. These 
abscesses, or tumors, first, make their ap¬ 
pearance on the inside of the hindlegs, and 
then on the fore ones in like manner ; the 
neck and tips come in turn and they may 
afterward appear in all parts of LI ic body, 
when glanders will begin to manifest itself. 
.Tknninos, in his “ Horse and His Diseases,” 
says:—By way of treatment good, whole¬ 
some food is all important. Sulphate of 
copper in two-dram doses, combined with 
one or two drams of pulverized gentian root, 
will often prove successful; corrosive sub¬ 
limate, also, in ten or fifteen grain doses, 
night and morning, has often been advan¬ 
tageously used ; the doses may be increased 
to a scruple, or even half a dram, if 1,hc ani¬ 
mal bears the medicine well. If the animal 
is much debilitated, give calomel in half 
dram doses instead of the sublimate, or the 
sulphuret of mercury may be substituted. 
The use of arsenic lias also been attended 
with good success, but the author has been 
more fortunate with the muriate of baryta, 
in half dram doses, than with tiny other 
preparation in use All the tumors should 
be opened, and caustic carefully applied to 
each ; sulphate of copper, nitrate of silver, 
the per rnangunute of potash, or the red-hot 
iron, are the best applications. The follow¬ 
ing ointment should he rubbed along the 
Corded vessels onco a day ; blue ointment, 
two ounces ; hydriodate of pettish, two 
drams ; lard, two ounces; mix well. Or, 
the red oxide of mercury, two drams to the 
ounce of lard, is very good. 
--. 
BREAKING A COLT. 
An Ohio editor recently saw Mr. Bob 
Strader of Kentucky break a two-year old 
colt to harness in half an hour aud thus tells 
the story of the way in which it was done ; 
The. colt, had never been bridled. He was 
attached to a curricle called a “break-dray,” 
and put through astonishingly quick. The 
break-dray is nothing more than a strong 
broad-tread dray, with long shafts, the tail 
omitted, and a spring seat between the 
wheels. The harness was strong, and so ar 
ranged over the hips as to prevent the possi 
hility of high kicking, and the colt was 
hitched so far from the dray that his heels 
could not possibly reach the driver. The. 
process of hitching was, of course, very deli¬ 
cate, as a colt is excessively ticklish and is 
apt to let his heels fly awkwardly. All being 
ready, one man held the colt, aud another 
took the seat and reins. The colt was then 
let. go to plunge as he pleased. The break- 
dray, which was so broad that upsetting 
seemed out of the question, was pushed upon 
the colt, and the colt pushed sidewise until 
he started. A few plunges settled him. lie 
went as he pleased—up Hill and down hill, 
and so on, until he finally struck a steady, 
sober trot, and was thoroughly broke. The 
confused and bewildered look of that colt 
was pitifully amusing. Mr. Bon Strader, 
was giving directions, and upon one of the 
breakers raising his hand to slap the colt to 
urge him, Mr. Strader said : “Don’t do that. 
Never strike a colt when you are breaking 
him. Push him sidewise or anyway. Let 
him go just where he will and how he will. 
Let hiui fall down if ho will, but don’t strike 
him.” When the colt was taken out of the 
shafts he was as wet as if he had heen in 
water, and a child could have handled him. 
He had not been struck a blow. The dray, 
we believe, was invented by Mr. Strader. 
THE ANGORA GOAT IN CALIFORNIA. 
For the comfort and encouragement of 
some of our subscribers we copy the follow¬ 
ing rather “ loud ” talk about this goat from 
an editorial in the Sacramento Valley Agri¬ 
culturist. It may bo that this goat is just 
the fellow in places where sheep will not 
thrive; but where they will wo doubt his 
comparative utility and value. But here is 
what is said : 
The e> periment of raising mohair on the 
Pacific Coast has proved a decided success. 
There arc now over two hundred thousand 
Angora goats in this State aud Oregon, and 
it will not be five years till the number will 
reach to as many million . The probabilities 
are that this industry will ere long rival the 
wool business. Already there Is a move on 
foot to establish manufactories to work up 
the mohair. These goats will live where 
slump will starve ; will grow fat where 
sheep will freeze and die with the cold. We 
have seen these animals in good condition 
where was not a spear of anything upon the 
ground, subsisting entirely on moss and 
brush. Home of our thoroughbred Angoras 
have been known to shear as high as ten 
pounds of clean hair, which has been de- 
eided to bo far superior, in point of fineness, 
to that grown in their native country, 
bringing eighty cents per pound and upward 
right at home. The matron of these goats 
is considered far superior to that of sheep. 
California has millions of acres of sage¬ 
brush pasture kinds which will furnish food 
for these flocks ; lands t hat are fit for noth¬ 
ing else, and in regions where cattle and 
sheep iwill starve in summer and freeze to 
death in winter. We shall watch with deep 
interest tha progress of this important 
branch of stock raising, aud wo may safely 
predict double the progress in the next two 
years that we have made in the past two. 
-♦--*•-*- 
WOOL GROWERS AND RECIPROCITY. 
The following letter was addressed, at the 
date indicated, to ail the Presidents of the 
State Wool Grower’s Associations : 
Portland Village, N. y„ Juno 13, J8’M. 
Dear Sir :—It is well known that a treaty 
i -about to be submitted to the Unit ed States 
Senate for reciprocity in trade with the 
Dominion of Canada. The proposed treaty 
includes free trade in wool. 1 need not say 
how decidedly such a measure would con¬ 
flict with the present policy of affording 
adequate protection to all the wools of the 
United States, and how ruinously it would 
affect, the interests of a large body of our 
citizens, who, on the strength of the present 
wool tariff, have engaged so extensively in 
the prod notion of combing wool. 
Immediate steps will be taken to obtain 
an expression on the subject, from the Na 
tional Wool Growers' Association, and I 
would respectfully suggest that, a similar 
expression be obtained, with as little delay 
as pract icable, from each of the State Wool 
Growers’ Associations, and forwarded to 
members of the United States Senate. 
Yount truly, Uenuv S. Randall, 
President National Wool Growers’ Association. 
♦ - 
SHEPHERD NOTES. 
Hydatid on Ike Brain or Staggers .—The 
best, authorities in this country simply 
recommend the depriving of the animal of 
its life as soon as it is apparent it is so 
affected. The treatment, in cases where 
cures are said to have been effected, is so 
cruel, undin other cases requires such skill, 
that it is not regarded by the host American 
shepherds worth while to attempt to cure, 
except iu case of a very valuable animal. 
Uven then the recurrence of the disease— 
the growth of new hydatids is so probable 
as to hardly warrant the experiment. 
The Angora Goal T wish you to say 
something to benefit the raisers of the 
Angora goat, as 1 am in that business and 
sent, for the paper more for that, information 
than any other.— CLARK Kgllkston. 
With our present ir formation and knowl¬ 
edge concerning this goat in this country, if 
we were t,o say what we think would benefit 
raisers thereof most, we should advise them ' 
to get rid of their goats in the quickest 
possible way, with the least loss, and turn 1 
their attention to sheep. £ 
Cotsimld Cross on Merino .—An Winoi® 1 
correspondent of the Western Rural says; ; 
“ Last, year I sheared for a farmer eighty- 1 
two sheep in-lamb, and they averaged four 
pounds of wool. Tin's year I L heared for 
the same farmer and the wool averaged 
eight pounds. His sheep ure French Merinos, 
and were crossed hist year with a Cotswold 
buck. His wool measured eleven and a half 
inches aud weighed thirteen pounds. I 
sheared one yearling lamb tleecq weighing 
thirteen pouhcls,” 
