MOORE’S RURAL «£W-¥ORK£B 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.' 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW - YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
lil'EAL, UTIItm AM) KABILT MSI’APlill. 
d. ». t. rvio o n. i: 
Founder au<l Conduotinx Editor. 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER, 
Aesomate JdctitorK. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, N. Y., 
Ernrou o» thk Inn umsm Sinter llminMiur. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y„ 
Editor or in* P»»*artmk>t or Dairy Ht/«iu*PBY. 
O. A. C. HARNETT. Publisher. 
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SATURDAY, AUG. 8, 1874. 
THE OUTLOOK FOE FAEMERS, 
AND SOME THINGS THEY SHOULD 100K 00T FOR. 
August, the last month of Mumruer,—accord¬ 
ing to the almanac,— opens auspiciously for 
farmers. The weather is favorable, and the 
prospect of most crops encouraging. With few 
and fur between exceptions, the wheat, harvest 
has been large and the crop secured In good 
condition. In some sections—notably Western 
New York—the yield has been the most boun¬ 
tiful one garnered for many years, while the 
quality of grain Is generally reported as supe¬ 
rior. The condition of other leading staples, 
now rapidly growing and maturing, is fully as 
good as could be expected at this season, and 
indeed far more favorable than most producers 
anticipated t wo months ago. Throughout the 
Union and Canada, with rare exceptions, the 
Summer lias thus far been genial and propi¬ 
tious for lhe husbandman, fully atoning fer 
the dreary and backward Spring. A few 
weeks continuance of the present favorable 
weather will mature the growing corn crop, 
upon the yield and securing of which depends 
so much of the prosperity of a largo portion of 
the country. 
Thus, according to our information and be¬ 
lief, the Outlook for Far/acrs is unusually 
favorable, especially when we consider how 
discouraging were their prospects at the open¬ 
ing of the season. But t here are sundry things 
that far mem should look out ; for to some of 
which we will briefly allude. 
Large crops will prove of comparatively little 
avail or profit wiles* momu/iYuff;/ harvested and 
properly marketed. And here lies the great 
secret of the success of many of our most pros¬ 
perous farmers: They not only raise good 
crops, but they harvest them economically, 
store them carefully and market them profita¬ 
bly. lu gathering their chief staples they em¬ 
ploy the best men, teams and implements, and 
avoid ill unnecessary waste from delay or ex¬ 
posure to the element-.. These are important 
items, aud attention to each of them exhibits 
the economy and foresight of the wise bus- 
bandmiin. But the great point in which many 
farmers decidedly "miss it," is in failing to 
market their crops advantageously. After 
carefully and laboriously cultivating, harvest¬ 
ing and storing their cereal and other Tops 
they oftea lose ix largo percentage by not sell¬ 
ing at the right time, or ignorantly taking a 
less price than they ought to obtain. Every 
farmer should study—yes, * twin, nor simply 
read the market reports of 111 > Agricultural 
paper, and also be .»n the look out for iu'orma- 
tion as to the yield and probable demand for 
such crops as he produces. He will thus be en¬ 
abled to exercise his judgment intelligently as 
to the best, time to sell and the prices that , 
oi glit to be obtained. > 
FALLACIES OF LIFE INSURANCE. 
Number XIX. 
The essential moral element of life insurance 
is public confidence. Policies are taken because 
, I of faith in the wisdom end sufficiency of the 
company’s appliances, t he skill and integrity of 
its management, and the fulfillment of its prom¬ 
ises in regard to future expense as modified by 
dividend*. So long us this faith is unimpaired, 
the company may be reasonably certain of the 
1 fidelity of its members; when it is betrayed or 
disturbed, the company begins that descent 
which has recently become so painfully famil- 
I lar. The initial prosperity of a company de¬ 
pends almost solely upon the degree of public 
confidence it succeeds in inspiring; its con¬ 
tinued success la the measure of confidence It 
has been discovered by ite members to deserve. 
Indeed, so sensitive is the connection between 
good faith and prosperity that when the latter 
begins to wane the former mav bo assumed to 
be habitually Ignored, if not openly violated. 
Only a very high degree of faith in the pre¬ 
dictions of future dividends will Induce the 
payment of more money to trio company than 
| the policy promises to return, as is usually the 
case with an endowment policy. The premium 
will usually lie paid on such a policy until the 
meagerness of the first dividend return shows 
l he falsity of the predictions made by the com¬ 
pany's representative, and then the policy is 
practically or wholly abandoned. The holder 
may take advantage of a non-forfeiting clause 
to claim a paid-up proportion: but in any event 
the number of discontinuances of endowment 
policies la a very fair Indication of the existence 
of general and well-founded discontent. The 
company may he content to lose the birds If it 
retains the feathers—may esteem a forfeited 
reserve worth more than a renewing policy : 
but this does not affect the value of the indi¬ 
cation furnished by the sudden defection of a 
large number of policy holders. 
For instance, the Continental Life Insurance 
Company of New York put in force, In 1872, 
9,080 policies, insuring some seventeen millions, 
and lost by lapse arid surrender 0,209 policies, 
insuring thirteen millions. The significant part 
of thla loss is that affecting the endowment 
policies, which were increased only 801 in num¬ 
ber. t hough some 3,485 endowment policies were 
Issued. The Continental appears to have lost 
about 3,184 endowment policies, and five mil¬ 
lions of endowment insurance more limn it 
gained, and to have done worse still lu 1873, 
putting In force 6,020 policies and $11,450,001) of 
insurance, and losing by surrender and lapse 
alone 5,845 policies and $12,574,000 insurance. 
The endowment policies especially suffered. 
Some 1,511 policies, insuring $2,204,875, were 
Issued, aud 2,599, Insuring $4,733,030, were lost, 
Tiie defection of policy holders in this com¬ 
pany cannot bo regarded oh a uau*' levs and 
wanton abandonment of insurances * filch had 
cost their holders a vast sum of money. Each 
one of these twelve thousand had something 
more cogent t han a mere protest for surrender¬ 
ing a valuable considerat ion. A w holesale de¬ 
fection of this extent lias a deeper significance 
than the interested parties arc willing to con¬ 
cede. It may bo the effect of a stringency in 
financial matters common to all the policy 
holders of all I he companies; but this excuse 
would not cover the cases of thousands who 
have each a story of violated promises ami false 
predictions to ti ll. Many w ould perhaps relate 
how the endorsed loan of onc-tbinl of the pre¬ 
mium was promised to be redeemed by divi¬ 
dends, and how ihai loss than one-third of the 
promise was kept—a statement which is appar¬ 
ently substantiated by iJio Superintendent's 
Reports, which state the dividend of 18?2 at 
9.38 per cent., add that of 1873 at 7.13 percent, 
of the entire income of the company. They 
might be willing to condone a small dividend 
even ft long succession of meager returns if 
convinced that, such results were attributable 
to the company’s necessities; but they would 
never pardon the misrepresentations made to 
induce them to take such policies. They are, 
however, beyond remedy. They have bound 
themselves to a contract which they must needs 
abide until such time as they elect to follow 
the example of the twelve thousand recalci¬ 
trants who, having paid roundly for their 
pounds of cure, will perhaps heartily commend 
the ounce of prevention which :s to be had 
gratis. 
This contrast is telling. It is making sad 
havoc among the laborers of Europe. Wages 
have steadily increased. Labor has beeu more 
uncertain, and t he laborer has grown more aud 
more Intractable. He has heard of the “ land 
of the free." Dane, Swede, and German, En- 
| glial:, French, and Dutch, arc in a state of 
comparative insubordination. This is con¬ 
fessed by foreign reports and papors. The 
consequence is an increasing demand for la¬ 
bor-saving machinery. American Inventions 
are sought for and find ready market. Each 
year is increasing the cosmopolitan character 
of all people. The laws of trade are affecting 
the character and movement of populations. 
The facilities for travel and intercommunica¬ 
tion between countries are Biding in a more 
equal distribution of labor, and hence insuring 
ils better compensation. There is a leveling up 
process as well as h leveling dowu. The hired 
laborer of to-day boro lues ati employer to-mor¬ 
row. The economical habits acquired of ne¬ 
cessity in Europe here become the sure step¬ 
ping-stones to competence and wealth. Amer¬ 
icans, with their acquired wasteful and ex¬ 
travagant habits, cannot compete with the 
German, who spends less In a year than the 
A i.ci ican docs in a week. The German speed¬ 
ily owns the land of Ids employer. Thousands 
of such instances are known where the econ¬ 
omical and industrious Gormans have ‘’ousted 
out" whole neighborhoods of shiftless and 
extravagant American farmers. The objective 
point of the farm laborers of Europe who come 
hither is a piece of laud of their own. The 
modern aim of the American farmer is to "sell 
out, and get into town." 
Such are some of the phases of life which 
grow out of the restiveness of farm laborers, 
especially abroad. They deserve study. The 
same causes produce the same effects in this 
country. 
---♦♦♦ -■ 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
tion. It is said the effect of the disturbance 
was very depressing upon the sale, Injuring it 
several thousands of dollars. 
An Appreciative Opinion of 
Knral.—; 
RESTIVENESS OF FARM LABORERS. 
How muc h cheap lands and the facility for 
acquiring homesteads and becoming land- 
awntia in this country has to do with the rest¬ 
iveness of farm laborers in Europe cannot of 
course be accurately determined. That it lias 
had, and is having, its influence there can be 
no doubt. The immigrant population in this 
country during the past decade have not failed 
to communicate with their friends and neigh¬ 
bors at home. The farm population of Europe 
who seek this country go quickly to the cheap 
lands of the West and acquire homes of their 
own. T hey soon learn that they’have not got 
to live upon black bread, e.it meat but once or 
twice a week, doff their huts and bow their 
beads to better dressed men, aud lie treated .is 
inferior beluga. Thy learn that they arc free. 
They arrive quickly at the d’gnity of land- 
owners. They cultivate their own lands. They 
feed upon white bread and upon meat of their 
own raising. They become citizens and vote. 
Their votes and influence are sought for, &e, 
The Looked-Our Agricultural Laborer* of 
England.— The Laborers’ Agricultural Union 
of England has found at In t that it lias an clc- 
1 pliant on its hands, it encouraged strikes and 
promised support to the strikers. The dupes 
. struck. The farmers organized and resolved 
, to cohere against the strikers. They bought 
[ labor-saving machinery and imported laborers 
from Ireland, worked harder themselves and 
t refused to accept the term:: of the Laborers' 
I nlon. “Walt until harvest,’’said the Union 
[ to its dupes, “and then see where these men 
, will be,” The laborers waited, drawing their 
rations, meantime, from the friends of the 
Union. But harvest came and still the farm era 
, showed no signs of weakness. The strikers 
received no petition to return to their work on 
their own terms* Meantime the funds of the 
Union were getting low. The loaders had got 
to raise the wind or deplete their own pockets 
—the Inst thing they intended to do. Expedi¬ 
tions of the much abused and oppressed labor¬ 
ers were organized to visit the manufacturing 
towns, tell their doleful story and receive the 
sympathy and congratulations of their follow 
laborers and the oppressed of the manufactur¬ 
ing districts. V buudred of these healthy’, 
hearty farm laborers begun t heir Itinerant beg¬ 
ging expedition in company. Their leaders 
exhibited them as samples of oppressed En¬ 
glish agricultural laborers. The operatives of 
the mills looked upon their healthy* faces and 
burly forms and contrasted their physique With 
their own wan, worn faces and frames and did 
not sympathize worth a cent. The spectacle 
of these hearty fellows passing around hats for 
ponce among men far worse off than themselves, 
who had been appealed to in touching terms by 
Lite leaders of the strike, was ludicrous. This 
mode of raising the wind on the part of the 
Agricultural Laborers’Union has been a fail- 
Lre. The harvest goes on. The farmers have 
not relented and will not relent. Few of the 
strlkors have been re-employed. Those who 
have, have been compelled to do so upon the 
terms offered by the employers. Finally, wo 
have the conclusion of the whole matter in a 
paragraph. The Agricultural Laborers' Union 
confesses itself defeated in the following lan¬ 
guage: " As we are not justified in applying 
to the public for support for the locked-out 
I laborers in the Eastern Counties during the 
harvest, therefore we offer them the alternative 
of emigrating or depending upon their own 
resources." This is the comfort these dupes of 
the Raders of the Union finally receive. Itis 
a confession of failure to lulflll its promises on 
the part of the Union that must be anything 
but comforting to their poor dupes, especially 
now that the farmers have proven themselves 
independent of the Union. For the first time, 
we pity the laborers. 
An Editor of a Live shock Journal Attacked. 
—At a Short-Horn sale by W aknock & McGib- 
ben, near Lair's Station, Ivy., July 28, Mr. Geo. 
W. Rust, Editor of the Live Stock Journal, 
published at Chicdgo, was attacked soou alter 
his arrival by the Shropshire family ot Bour¬ 
bon Lo.—une member striking him a heavy 
blow with a stick, then clinching him for a 
st ruggle and trying to knife Rust. Other mem¬ 
bers of the family surrounded them wit h drawn ' 
pistols, threatening to kill any one who should 
interfere. Iiut the party was overpr veered aud ! 
arrested, and great indignation expressed at i 
the cowardly attack, trie cause of which was i 
some article published in his Journal by Mr. 
Rust, to which the Shropshire^ took excep- 
- correspondent in Montgomery Co., Pa., (G. K. 
f M.) in a note accompanying valuable practical 
• articles for publication, writes thus approvingly 
i of tills journal:— “ In November last I asked for 
• a specimen of Rural, and that 1 thought an 
’ excellent number; it suited me exactly—but 
1 thought it was an especial good number. Used 
r on purpose for s specimen eupy. I subscribed 
’ at once, and found myself much mistaken; for 
• T find every* issue since has been better than 
my specimen. To my way of thinking it |, iJS 
• near perfection as any paper can be. in the field 
’ it. occupies. Go ahead. Well done." 
— Our friend Is by no moans the first person 
to discover that wc do not resort to the dodge 
of Issuing an extra good number to be user] as 
a specimen. On the contrary we aim to make 
every mnnlier a first-rate specimen, and to send 
the last Issue (or such previous ones as wo hap¬ 
pen to have on hand,) in response to those who 
^ apply lor sample papers. Those who attempt 
to gull the public by occasionally issuing an 
extra good number to be used as a specimen, 
not only disgrace themselves but injure honor- 
j able journalism. 
The Knrnl Avoid* I lie Taint.—While the col- 
3 umns of the dally and of a large number of the 
, weekly papers linvo been replete with prurient 
I and disgusting comments upon the absorbing 
social topic of the day, the Rural New-Youk- 
kii bits avoided, us much as possible, staining 
its bright pages with such items as r an pander 
’ to vulgar tastes alone. As strict matter of 
news, it has become necessary to notice, in an 
impartial way, the Beecheh-Tiltun Scandal ; 
but to make its details the subject of family 
reading in the pure Home Circle} of our sub¬ 
scribers would be to introduce a new and foul 
dement into that place which we have always 
f sought, with the assistance of our many friends 
3 throughout this broad land, to elevate and 
purify. And with God’s help wc shall, in fu- 
I ture, as in the past, avoid all influences having 
^ a tendency to vitiate the morals of the young 
I or which may gratify prurient tastes. 
- —— 
, Cornell l'nlvcr-l y. Wo learn that the Trus- 
I tecs of this Institution have lately decided to 
• receive students in the Department of Atrrioul- 
, ture free of any charges for tuition, ami to afford 
i them ample opportunity to pay room rent and 
. a part of other expenses by labor on the college 
, farm, If t hey desire to do so. The examinations 
i for entrance to the University will occur Sep¬ 
tember 8, and those who wish to apply should 
address J’rof. G. C. Caldwell, Secretary of the 
Faculty, Ithaca, N. Y,, for information. There 
is an advertisement in another column which 
it will bo well to consult. 
-m- 
Report of American I’omologienl Society 
Abroad.--The London Garden, July 11, contains 
the following tribute to this Society and ti is 
country: 
" We have Just received from Colonel Mar¬ 
shall 1*. Wilder of Boston the now number of 
the proceedings of the American Poniologica! 
Society, by far t he most useful and well-stored 
thing of the kind we have evot 1 seen. It Is In 
every way worthy of the country whl.fi is des¬ 
tined to become the greatest fruit-growing 
region of the c*rth, and contains a mass of 
matter of great practical value to American 
fruit-growers, and, in a lesser degree, to our¬ 
selves. The paper and printingare of a char¬ 
acter superior to what v,o usual y meet with in 
the best, works published in this country.’’ 
■-m- 
Congressmen Mailing herd* for Votes. The 
Itock Island (III.) Union assorts that the Con¬ 
gressman from that District lias sent more seeds 
into Rock Island Co. through the mails, with¬ 
out cost to himself, than all t he seedsmen com¬ 
bined have sold in the County during the same 
time. Of course, a Government seed store is a 
big thing for Congressmen—under the circum¬ 
stances. But t lie people pay for the seeds aud 
their transportation. There is not a farmer in 
Rock Island Co., probably, but is able to buy 
and pay for his seeds. 
*- - ♦♦♦ - 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
Mtt. W. G. Kings bury, late of San Antonio, 
Texas, has received the appointment of Agent 
of Immigration for Texas to the Western States 
with headquarters at St. Louis, Mo. 
Prof. Henuy E. Colton, late Agricultural 
Editor oi the N. Y. Times is, we notice, soon to 
address the Stale Agricultural Convention of 
Tennessee on “Micawber farmers waiting for 
something to turn up." Good topic! 
Prince & Co.'s organs and Melodeons 
have been placed on our new Premium List, 
among ot her valuable articles for our Club 
Agents. The fact that there are 54,000 of these 
instruments now In use is sufficient evidence of 
their excellence aud utility. 
The Woman’s Medical College, advertised 
iq this paper, Is worthy of attention. The grad¬ 
ual increase of avenues for women to enter 
what are called the liberal profession, evinces, 
in our estimation, the progress of civilization 
with more certalDty than all else, and we cheer¬ 
fully hall the success of this institution as a 
sure indication of such progress. 
JIon. George Brown's “Bow Park Herd of 
Thoroughbred Short-Horns” Is received. The 
Bow Park Farm is near Brantford. Canada, con¬ 
tains 900 acres In a high state of cult) vat inn, 
with accommodations lu tfiesfiape of buildings 
ft r 409 head of cattle. The Catalogue embraces 
nearly 200 cows and heifers and 54 bulls, with 
pedigrees of the animals and their sires. The 
nerd was commenced in the fall or 1809, and 
this is the third Catalogue issued. 
