MOOSE’S BUBAL WEW-YORKER. 
SEPT. 
4S4 
nently <larap earth. Says Mr. Jameson: 
“ While 1 admit that badly const ructed and 
badly terminated lightning-rods are worse 
than useless 1 firmly believe that properly 
constructed and properly terminated light¬ 
ning rods area protection to human life and 
to property; and that the electric fluid will 
as certainly follow this properly contracted 
lightning road harmlessly into the negative 
earth, as will the electric current follow a 
properly constructed telegraph wire from 
Boston to New York.” 
There is a collar ten feet in depth under 
' through fine brass wire gauze. This wonder¬ 
ful little machine makes one hundred and fif- 
! t.y strokes a minute for 77 days in succession, 
without slopping, and forces water to a 
bight of fifty feet. From the tank pipes 
lead to the house and can room sinks, and 
to the watering tank in the stable. All the 
pipes leading to and from thp tank are. con¬ 
nected with the Rari’.e in the center of the 
bottom, the perpendicular parts being en¬ 
cased with a double box having an air space. 
| The pipes leading from the tank are emptied 
during the coldest nights in winter by means 
sward—that is, to be broken up in the spring. 
A. good corn crop can be taken from land 
liberally covered with coarse, green manure 
plowed under ; after the corn, a heavy grain 
crop and a good catch of clover is a cer¬ 
tainty. 
With all due respect for the advocates of 
rotting manure before applying it to the 
soil, I do not like tlicir doctrine. If there Is 
any benefit to be derived from the ammonia 
let us have it where it will be most likely to 
do good. I speak from observation and ex- 
I perienefe with hard land. Sand I know 
sled instead of the cart or wagon, much 
labor is saved both to teams and men. 
— ■— 
GREEN CROPS AS MANURE. 
It is a common practice to sow buckwheat 
in August, for the purpose of turning it un¬ 
der in early October as a green crop of 
manurial element. I have tried it time and 
again, and have no faith In it. Upon clay 
lands it has been perhaps a benefit. In 
loamy and mucky ground the result of its 
use was apparently to make what gardeners 
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MR. JAMESON’S RURAL ESTABLISHMENT. 
OirJPiDE measur 
as follow*:— 
and pass.'iKu, 
main floor, K 
refrigerator; 6, sink and dish-drainer;PH**; Y. drai -pipe; 8 , water-closet; 0, sink, 8x10; 10 and 11, can racks; 12,13 and 11, milk refrfgeratonf; 15,*dog-bouite : 10 , ’watVrlmMamk ■’17 
and 18, passages: It), feed-box out; 20, gral/ c ' K “* ta I milk refrigerator; 22 , sink, 8x10; 23, can racks; 24, trap-door. 
die whole area of the stable, which is w:i^ 
on all sides in a substantial manner ard/ c11 
pointed. The entrance to the cellar 13 OQ 
tue south side and provided with a- 10111 * 1*0 
be dosed In very cold weather. Tit' bottom 
of the cellar is of the hardest b M(i gravel, 
/ and is not cemented. Everythin about the 
place that can be converted i/° 11 fertilizer 
is thrown or conducted thro'- 1 ' 3,013(3 drain 
pipes, into this cellar. 'I Knotted line 7. in 
plan, represents the coin/ the drain pipe 
from the houss sink /> the stable cellar, 
passing under the nc'ih side of the milk 
house. It has a f*fi of about one Inch to a 
foot. The can roo’ti sink Jw so arranged with 
» pipe be;ow He fioor that it, also, empties 
into the muir drain above the point of en¬ 
trance of the water closet pipe, thus 
keeping til* drain perfectly clear of 
obstructions 
A great deal of soap is used, every day, for 
washing milk cans, and lor other purposes, 
and thv soap suds is conducted to the 
manure heap, in the stable cellar, there to 
deposit its freight of potash and prevent the 
burning of the manure, and the valuable 
quality, ammonia, from escaping. Dry loam 
or dry meadow soil is mixed with tfi is satu¬ 
rated manure as an absorbent. Tula makes 
a most excellent fertilizer by composting 
it and allowing it time to become a fertilizer, 
as. according to beat authority, all should do 
who wish to realiz the most profit possible 
from what manure they have. Under the 
house is an excellent, dry, cool, non-freezing, 
rat-proof cellur. 
The buildings are. supplied with pure, run¬ 
ning, spring water. TIpon this farm, fiOl) feet 
from llie house, and 50 feet below the level 
of the tank, is an excellent and never-failing 
spring, which affords two gallons of water 
per m.nut e. About one quart per minute of 
this water is forced up t he gradual ascent at 
the north of the buildings, t hrough a tar- 
enameled iron pipe, by an hydraulic ram, 
and discharged into f lic tank. The spring 
is walled and cemented, and covered by a 
house eight feet square. Outside of the wall 
a space of about two feet was puddled with 
blue gravel to prevent oil surface wash from 
miogliug with the spring water. The water 
flows into a small opening in a rack in the 
center of the bottom of the spring. As the 
water enters the drive-pipe which leads to 
the hydraulic rain, in a pit, thirty feet dis¬ 
tant, with a fall of six feet, it is strained 
I of faucets in the cellars. No lead nor gal¬ 
vanized iron pipes are used—the tar-enamel- 
ed iron pipes being used throughout. 
The water is free from iron rust, and, what 
is better yet, it is entirely free from lead 
and zinc poisons. The pipe leading from the 
spring to the tank is laid four feet below the 
surface, as a sure protection against frost. 
The tank is made upon the refrigerator 
principle, with an air space, which keeps 
the water cool in summer and prevents it. 
from freezing in the winter. It contains 700 
gallons. A good forcing pump, lire extin¬ 
guisher, buckets and ladders are always kept 
in readiness: but the positive order about 
I this eetabPshmcut is “ Be careful with lire 
I under all circumstances.” 
cfam dittoing. 
DRAWING OUT MANURE. 
Dear Rural: —There are some things I 
do not like, among them the sarcastic ex¬ 
pressions of those conceited people who 
think that their way only is right. They 
get irritated when they see their neighbor 
doing another way from their ideas of what 
is best. “ Western New York” and “ North¬ 
ern Ohio” have given an illustration in their 
expressions about drawing out manure. 
I concede that the plans of both are good, 
yet neither is infallibly good. Very much 
depends on time, season, amount to handle, 
and help. The plan of “Northern Ohio” 
requires more time and less help than that 
of “ Western New York.” It is a fact that 
moisture is necessary to produce fermenta¬ 
tion and the decay of vegetable matter. 
Fermentation releases the ammonia, mid 
when this is gone one great essential of fer¬ 
tilization lias escaped. The dregs are left, 
but the essence has flown. When manure 
is applied green, the moisture of the ground 
decomposes the coarse material and arrests 
the ammonia for the growing crop of corn, 
thus retaining the portion that we all want 
for the succeeding crops of rye, oats, pota¬ 
toes or clover. 
I prefer having the manure drawn in win¬ 
ter, when lime is of less value, than at the 
busier seasons. By a judicious use of absorb¬ 
ents the liquid manures are saved, and the 
manures can be drawn out upon the frozen 
nothing about, as 1 never have handled a 
sandy farm. I know nothing of the West 
^except by reading; but 1 do know that all 
the successful farmers in Eastern New York 
(so far as I have seen) draw their manure 
green, and all they can they draw in winter 
and dump it in heaps, to bo spread as soon 
as Jack Frost permits plowing, N, G. should 
beg the pardon of W. N. Y. for bis rude 
sarcasm. I ask pardon of both if 1 wound 
their sensibilities at the commencement of 
this article. Respectfully submitted. 
Miles 13, Delong. 
Washington Co., N. Y. 
Comments. —We like a good, square, frank 
expression of a positive opinion, and so are 
quite willing our readers should rap one an¬ 
other’s knuckles, if there be no bad blood 
engendered, provided they h ive opinions to 
maintain which it is for the general good to 
have discussed. 
The views of agriculturists have becu some¬ 
what modified of late years in regard to the 
exposure of manure to the sun and air, and 
the effects of fermentation, both in the soil 
and in the compost heap. 
Manure in small heaps loses little except 
from washing, and if the heaps are dressed 
off with a little care this loss is very slight, 
Spread upon the surface even in midsum¬ 
mer, upon grass land, the loss is so little that, 
the advantage to the grass from the mulch 
counterbalances any escape of ammonia. 
Plowed in upon very sandy land, unless a 
crop be at once at hand to occupy the soil 
the manure will be lost, a great part of it 
will disappear in two months, and in many 
eases at the end of a year the effects will 
hardly be visible. 
Some crops are benefited most by rank, 
raw manure. Others do best with that 
which is well rotted. Corn accepts the 
rankest. Potatoes do best with that which 
is thoroughly composted, and the same is 
moat acceptable to all tiie small grains, 
while grass may he top-dressed with the 
freshest that can be evenly spread, or with 
the most comminuted composts, with per¬ 
haps equally good effect. 
It is usually a poor plan to haul out ma¬ 
nure, on hill-sides at least, so early in the 
winter that it will be subject to much wash- , 
ing in case of thaws—but we should rather 
plan to do this work as late as we can use 
the sled to advantage. If we can use the I 
term a sourness in the soil, and I never could 
grow a crop of anything the following year. 
My best results with the plowing in of any 
green crop lia3 been with corn. I sow in 
August, and when the crop is eighteen 
inches high I turn it under and sow rye. In 
March next I sow clover, cut my crop of rye 
and then as soon us the clover is good and 
strong 1 plow it under ; sow corn again, and 
then when I turn the corn under—if 1 want, 
grass—I sow my seed, all but clover, which 
I leave for the coming spring time ; but if I 
propose to cultivate and crop the land the 
coming year ; I sow rye, and turn it under 
t he coming spring, according as 1 want the 
land for crops. E. r. e. 
ECONOMICAL NOTES. 
Sulphate of Iron and Vegetation. —M. 
Gris has made experiments on the influence 
of sulphate of iron on vegetat ion, and comes 
to these conclusionsThat the salt is a 
stimulating manure ; that it presents no 
danger when intelligently applied ; that its 
action is evident upon the coloring princi¬ 
ples of leaves ; that, from its cheapness, a 
few cents' worth is sufficient to treat hun¬ 
dreds of plants ; that it might be applied to 
cultivation oh a large scale, and especially to 
the cultivation of fruit. IDs manner of ap¬ 
plying the sulphate is as followsA solu¬ 
tion of two drams to one quart of water is 
made, and with this the plants, being pre¬ 
viously placed in the shade, are watered. It 
is presumed that the earth surrounding the 
plant is moist. If this is not the case, a more 
dilute solution must be used. 
Foolish Calculation.— u Fax, you can have 
a dollar’s worth of bran and meal per week 
for the cow, and it shall be proved If it pays 
to give it to her.” At the end of a week the 
increase of butter is two pounds and the 
price ie thirty-five cents per pound, so t here 
is a loss of thirty cents. Oh! foolish calcu¬ 
lation! The only true and sensible reckon¬ 
ing is in this wise:—Seventy cents in butter 
to begin with; fifteen cents In milk; saving 
of thirty cents in hay or other food by eat¬ 
ing the dollar’s worth of bran and meal; and 
there is aiso ten cents to be added for the 
extra strength to the manure from the cow, 
whether dropped on the land or composted 
for the garden; this gives twenty five cents 
profit instead of thirty cents loss. 
