diseased or disordered, and their milk is 
unwholesome. 
Anhee and “ Grubs” in Cattle.— Geo. G, 
Robinson writes the Rural New-Yorker : 
“ Ashes pul on the backs of cattle will kill 
the grubs. If you are fattening an animal 
and wish to keep it till February or March 
to slaughter, sprinkle a big handful of wood 
ashes on its back two or three times in the 
first half of January (when the hair is a little 
lecting the most judicious crosses, would 
recommend it even if a smaller number of 
lambs was t he result. An additional advant¬ 
age was found in the fact that by this system 
a choice ram could be made to serve four or 
five times as manj’ewes as he could if “turn¬ 
ed in’’ with them, aud this with lees physical 
exhaustion. 
Where really choice animals are used—and 
only such should be—any other policy is 
NEW JERSEY PEACH TRADE, 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE AS MILK PRODUCERS 
The peach crop of New Jersey, during the 
past year, has been one of the largest ever 
grown In the State ; but owing to the ex¬ 
treme dry weather that prevailed during 
their ripening, they were not as large and 
fine as usual, yet the prices realized for them 
proved remunerative to the growers. On 
account of the scarcity of the Delaware crop 
they sold for good prices. A number of farm¬ 
ers sold their crops In the orchard at prices 
ranging from 75c. to £1 per basket, the fruit 
to be picked and delivered to the purchaser 
at the nearest depot. Those who sold at 
these prices realized more money for their 
fruit than those who shipped it to market, 
principally on account, as above stated, of 
the fruit not coming up to its usual stand¬ 
ard of excellence. 
The marketing of the New Jersey crop of 
peaches is conducted on an altogether differ¬ 
ent principle from the Delawarean system. 
There, the whole matter of procuring cam, 
loading and shipping them, is placed in the 
hands of the commission merchants’ agent 
to handle as they see fit, on the pretense that 
they charge nothing for doing it. Not so 
with the New Jersey growers ; for they con¬ 
sider that they know how to handle it better 
than any agent, and having so much interest 
at slake in the fruit, they prefer keeping the 
control of as long as they can, consequently 
a short time previous to the ripening of the 
fruit, the growers iu each section meet and 
select one person as their agent, whoso duty 
it is to be at the depot to receive the fruit, 
pack it carefully in the cam and keep a cor¬ 
rect account of each shipment ; then, when 
the cars are loaded, to accompany the fruit 
to Jersey City and deliver the fruit to the 
consignees. For this service the growers pay 
their agent one cent per basket, and he is 
responsible for all fruit placed in the car up 
to its delivery to the dealer. If, therefore, 
any fruit is lost or delivered to the wrong 
parties, the owner receives pay for it from 
his agent, consequently the grower loses no 
fruit; nor do they lose any by depreciation 
In consequence of bad handling by their 
agent; for if the dealer finds that it is arriv¬ 
ing in bfwl condition caused by careless hand¬ 
ling, he reports that fact to the owner, who 
corrects It immediately. 
The railroad furnishes them all the cars 
they need, upon application, free from any 
deposits, and gives these agents and their 
assistants a pass over the road, so the farm¬ 
ers are at no extra expense for this agent, as 
the freight is arranged at u figure to corres¬ 
pond with the service rendered. The baskets 
can be returned in the same cars they arrive 
in, free of cost, at the owner’s risk ; or they 
can be returned as freight for a trifle cost at 
the risk of the road. 
The baskets containing the fruit are all 
covered, said covers being marked to corres¬ 
pond with those on the lockets. In order to 
inform the merchants of the quality and 
variety of fruit in them, the growers make 
use of green sprigs or bits of bright-colored 
yarn, When no distinguishing mark is used, 
jt is considered to be all of oue quality. The 
variety is readily detected by opening a few 
baskets, aud the number of marks are con¬ 
sidered os an index of the quality, the high¬ 
est being understood as the best. In a few 
instances where there area few culls and the 
general character is even, those culls are 
marked to call attention to them. 
The New Jersey peaches are all carted to 
the stores, where they are examined and sold 
in proportion to then' value ; for owing to 
the promptness of the arrivals of the trains, 
and having these agents at the cars to unload 
the fruit, it generally begins to arrive at the 
stores about 1 A. M.; and as fast as the fruit 
can be examined is sold to jobbers and ship¬ 
pers, who in turn have it iu time to sell to 
their customers, or ship it to distant markets 
by the early hues. 
From this statement one can readily see 
the advantages the New Jersey groweis pos¬ 
sess over their Delaware brethren, and the 
profits they realize over them by keeping the 
control over their fruit as long as they possi¬ 
bly can, instead of permitting others to han¬ 
dle it who possess no interest in it save their 
commission for handling it. 
New York City, Dec., 1874. Now and Then. 
Can the Rural New-Yorker give us il¬ 
lustrations of something about the milk pro¬ 
ducing capacity of the Holstein cattle { It 
would : ilerest several parlies in this neigh¬ 
borhood.—C. F,, Oswego Co., N. F. 
W e herewith present illustrations of a Hol¬ 
stein bnll and cow which appeared In Wil¬ 
lard’s “ Practical Dairy Husbandry,” (pub¬ 
lished at this office,) together with what Mr. 
Willard says of this stock as m i lk pro¬ 
ducers : 
“ In June, 1809,1 received a letter from Mr. 
Miller, then at the Royal Farming Academy 
at Eldena, Prussia, in which he gives an ac¬ 
count of Hie North Holland cattle and espec¬ 
ially of the herd belonging to Prof. Rhode of 
the Royal Academy. One of these cows, he 
states, had yielded in one year 0,142 Berlin 
quarts of milk, equal to 1,548 English gallons. 
If we assume tliat a gallon of milk will make 
a pound of cheese, it will be seen that the 
annual product of this cow would bo about 
three times .is much as that yielded by what 
a.ie considered our best dairy cows. 
Mr. Miller states that ft herd of 22 Hol¬ 
land cows owned by Prof. Rhode made an 
average yield of 3,595 5-10ths Berlin quarts of 
milk each per ,\ ear, while three Ayrshires in 
the same herd yielded only about hall’the 
quantity, or 1,795K quarts each. At ths rate 
of milk given, this herd of North Holland cat¬ 
tle would have made an average in cheese of 
about 800 pounds each for the season. But 
whether as good yields can be made here by 
this breed, of course must be decided by 
trial. 
Of recent importations of Holland cattle, 
it is said that one of the cows, six years of 
age, dropped a calf on the 15th of May, 
weighing 101 pounds, and from the 26th of 
May to the 27th of July, by careful and exact 
record, gave 4,018 pounds and 14 ounces of 
milk. The largest yield in any one day was 
70 pounds, 5 ounces, or 31)4 quarts. Her 
average for ten days was 74 41-lOOths pounds 
per day*, and the amount of cream produced 
from this milk was 22 71-100ths per cent. Six 
days’ milk of this cow being set for cream, 
produced 17 pounds, 14 ounces of good but¬ 
ler. The Holstein cows have a reputation of 
being specially adapted to cheese dairying, 
and it is for this purpose, doubtless, they 
should be employed. 
“Enough has been said, perhaps, to indi¬ 
cate the practical side of this question. The 
dairyman must have a clear understanding 
of his situation and the use to which his ani¬ 
mals are to be put. Then remembering that 
‘like begets like,’ he will select his materials 
and breed to the desired point. The most 
practical course to be recommended, It would 
seem, h raising our native stock by a ju¬ 
dicious admixture with the blood of milking 
breeds, and then by improving on these 
grades,” 
damp is best) and when you takeoff the hide 
of said animal you will find the ‘grubs’ to¬ 
tally demoralized.” 
Sale of .Second Duke of Hillhurst .—It will 
be remembered that it was reported that an 
Englishman had bid $14,000 for this bull at 
the Chicago sale of Col. W. 8. Nino’s herd 
the past season, but failed to produce the 
cash and get the animal. Now it is announced 
that Hon. M. H. Cochrane of Canada has 
purchased this bull of Col. Kino at the same 
figures, to wit—$14,000. 
worse than extravagant, as not only the 
money paid for such animals is misspent, but 
the gain that might otherwise result from it 
placed beyond the reach of the flock master. 
ADULTERATING HONEY 
The North American Bee-Keepers Society, 
at its recent meeting at Pittsburg, Pa., unani¬ 
mously adopted the following, which explains 
itself : 
Whereas, it has come to our knowledge 
that certain honey dealers in New York and 
Chicago are using large quantities of sugar 
syrup or glucose, with which they mix a 
small quantity of honey and sell the whole 
for pure honey, thus making 1,000 pounds of 
honey sell for from 3,000 to 8,000 pounds ; 
and 
Whereas we, the North American Bee- 
Keepers’ Society, in annual session assembled 
believing that the adulteration of honey oan 
tend only to the ruin of the honey producing 
interest of the country by overstocking the 
market, reducing prices, ultimately lessening 
the consumption, and dishonoring our calling 
os well as their own ; therefore, 
Resolved,— That we hereby express our 
unqualified condemnation of the course of 
these honey dealers, and hereby notify them 
that t hey must cease to adulterate honey and 
assure us of tho fact, or, for self-protection, 
wo shall be compelled to publish tneir names 
mid expose them to deserved contempt. The 
committee advise honey producers to sell no 
honey to dea lers guilty of adulterating. The 
committee recommend the appointment of a 
standing committee authorized to communi¬ 
cate with honey dealers, and take such action 
as they may deem necessary to carry out the 
spirit of this resolution. 
THE COUPLING 8EA80N 
We find the following in the National Live 
Stock Journal:—“In handling a flock of 
over 1,000 breeding ewes, fora series of years, 
the following course has been pursued and is 
here given for the purpose of having it crit¬ 
icised by those who may have, something bet¬ 
tor to propose: 
“ For several weeks before the seasou for 
coupling, cumin the proportion of one. bushel 
to each 100 ewes, was fed each day, after 
they had eaten all the grass they wanted. 
November 1 the flock was taken to the barn 
and about 60 driven into a pen. Among 
these were turned two or three common 
rams, e scurely aproned, and as the ewes in 
season were found, they wore immediately 
caught and transfered to an adjoining pen. 
When the flock had thus been handled 
through or sufficiently to secure as many 
ewes as it wa3 desired to breed tor one day— 
which should not be more than five or six for 
each ram—they were turned to pasture. 
“ Tho ewes in season thus being together, 
reference could be had to the propriet y of 
crossing certain rams. A single ewe was 
then caught and placed in a small pen and 
tho ram turned in with her. As soon as 
served, the ewe was marked and turned out 
in a pasture in which was allowed none but 
ewes that had been bred. Where six or eight 
rams were used, by the time that each, had 
IMPORTANT TO ALL OWNERS OF 
SHORT-HORNS. 
The National Association of Rhort-IIora 
Breeders, which recently met at Springfield, 
Ill., having intrusted Alex. Charles, Cedar 
Rapids, Iowa, with the work of procuring 
complete statistics of all Short-Horns now 
living in the United States and Canada for 
publication in the report of their proceed¬ 
ings, we would urge upon every one of our 
readers who are breeding Short-Horns either 
upon a large or small scale, to send in prompt 
and careful returns, and t in se Who have not 
received blanks for that purpose will be fur¬ 
nished them free of charge promptly, on ap¬ 
plication to Mi - . Charles. Short-Horn men 
will give this their very earliest attention, 
lor by so doing the forthcoming report of the 
American Association of Breeders will be 
made the most valuable and interesting pub¬ 
lication ever issued iu this country. 
How an Iowan Winters Beks, is told by 
himself in the American Bee Journal as 
follows ;—In tho fall, when preparing bees 
for winter, I take off the strips from the 
honey-board and cover the honey board with 
corncobs; they are pressed closely together 
so that uo bees can escape. Place tho cobs 
three or four douhle over tho space where 
HERDSMEN’S NOTES 
I How Long Should Cows be Milked? — A 
dairyman, in the course of an article to the 
Boston Cultivator, deprecates the practice of 
milking cows close up to the time of calving, 
and favors their being dried off about four 
months before. During the Iasi, four months 
the growth of the feetus and its appendages 
draws largely upon the system of the cow, 
and she is doing all that should be required 
of her to maintain this growth without being 
called upon to give milk at the same time. 
To persist in milking, he contends, is highly 
Injurious to the cow as well as to the future 
calf. Flint, who is an authority upon this 
subject, claims that cows which milk clear 
up to the time of calving are in some way 
the surplus boxes were, and contract the 
entrance, except an inch. Put them in a 
cool, dry, dark cellar, and they are safe in 
“ winter quarters,” I have tacked wire over 
the entrance to coniine the bees, but think it 
unnecessary, for if the light is excluded the 
bees will not leave the combs. Last winter 
we wintered forty colonies, prepared in this 
wav, and did not lose one, and the last, it 
will be remembered, was a very severe 
winter on bees, many losing every colony. 
served a ewe the first one was again ready 
f r service—thus enabling the shepherd to 
turn out SO to 50 ewes befero noon. The 
same course was pursued every morning 
until all, or nearly all the ewes had been bred. 
fl Experience has demonstrated that a lar¬ 
ger number of lambs cau be obtained from a 
flock thus bandied than from any other svs- 
tem ; while the advantage afforded for se- 
Late Pears— H. N. H. in London Garden 
saysAmong late Pears few surpass 
Souvenir de Sannier, Its deep yellow rind, 
flushed with red, makes it a very ornament¬ 
al fruit; while its flavor is remarkably fine. 
It ripens late in October. The Beurre 
Amande of the same grower—M. Rannier, of 
Rouen—a fruit of bright canarv-yellow 
color, having a distinct flavor of Almonds, 
does hot ripen till the middle of November. 
— — — ^ * 
ij 
— _ *'"* 
MB' ft. 
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