PROCRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.’ 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
York alone. Though there are poor people in tl »ree times a day in enormous quantities At 
I MR rruinl »*i* /Ativ* ..4 .H i , . A _j . ■ ... . 1 * * 
- I the country, ourreaders ata d {stance can have th^nd of eirht u D ° “ G « asks a corre- 
MOORF’S RIIRAI NFW YflRKFR idea the aqualor, misery, destitution obese and besides, have attained a ^r^sS-cu* we°dofrt « th ® ntrR t f L ^ ew - Yor ker. No; 
mUUflLO nUnAL ntfl I UnAtn. I and distress of the Indigent classes in 1 aw»*iv- lent flavor. Thnn ^ don t say any such thing. As a rule, the 
NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
SEAL, LITBBARI AM) FAMILY BEffSPAPEB. 
D. D. T. MOORE, 
Founder and. Condnoting Editor. 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER, 
A HHOoiatfl Editors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, N. Y., 
EDITOK or TM* DlPARTMCNT OV SBSEP HVIIUNDUY. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Editou or TH* Dbpabtmknt or Dint Husbandhy. 
<3. A. C. HARNETT, Publisher. 
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, and distress of the Indigent classes in largely- 
populated cities—and they may well be thank¬ 
ful that, their linos have fallen In pleasant and 
bountiful places. 
But the winter has been severe—intensely 
eold for weeks in succession-ln many parts of 
our widely-extended Union, the Canadas, Ac., 
aud of course caused much consequent In¬ 
convenience and suffering in the country, as 
well as in city, village and hamlet. Wo hear of 
low temperature, thick ice and heavy snows, 
from various regions, near and distant; of rail 
and other roads being blocked for days, and 
even weeks, In succession, and other Incouve- 
nlcncles, dangers and calamities. Even while 
writing this article u letter comes to tis/rRm 
Champaign, III., which say's the mercury has 
arc,raged 0 below zero for forty-six days! And 
yet there Is a silver lining to the cloud—for a 
severe winter is said to usually precede a salu¬ 
brious and healthy summer in both town and 
country, while frost and snow ate generally' ac¬ 
counted beneficial to soli culturlsts, albeit too 
much of the former proves fatal to certain 
kinds of fruit. 
1 RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
Dcarh of Hon. M. L. Dunlap.—As we arc 
closing our forms for the press the dailies an¬ 
nounce the death of Mr. Dunlap—“R ural” of 
the Chicago Tribune. This is sad news to his 
many friends. So far we have no particulars 
concerning his death. Mr. Dunlap was, we 
believe, a native of Oswego or Jefferson Co., 
tids State; at. any rate, lie was once a resident 
of Oswogo Co., und removed to Chicago, or its 
neighborhood, about the year 1834. For a time. 
It is our impression, he was engaged In mercan¬ 
tile business in Chicago, but finally settled upon 
u farm In Leyden, within 15 or 20 miles of Chi¬ 
cago, where he started a nursery and prose¬ 
cuted general farming with Intelligence and 
skill. Meantime he became well known as a 
practical contributor to the Union Agrleultur- i 
1st, afterward to the Prairie Farmer and Ttber i 
agricultural papers. When the Democratic i 
Press was started in Chicago he became Special ( 
Agricultural Contributor to its columns, and ( 
so Continued until it was consolidated with ■ 
the Chicago Tribune, Tins special work was < 
continued in flio Tribune up to the time of his t 
death. Mr. Dun la v was a prolific w riter and a j ( 
thoroughly practical one. His influence in the ’ t 
lent flavor. Then comes another period of 
starvation for several days, after which trans¬ 
mission to market follows. Gourmands, It is 
said, prefer the snail when taken wild, so long 
as the capture is made at a particular period. 
After the eggs are laid tn May the moilusks con¬ 
ceal themselves under stones to avoid the au¬ 
tumn frosts. There they become perfectly free 
from excretions and, drawing themselves into 
thoir shells, close up for the winter. It is when 
they are collected in this state that their flavor 
is said to be the best." 
•-*4*- 
ll«r ,\ew Y'ork Life Insurance Co.—Among 
the institutions which are an honor to the 
State and the age may he reckoned t his ster¬ 
ling old Life Company. It enters Its thirty- 
third year with evidences of vigor and success 
that recall the days when life Insurance was 
easy. Age aud servility do not. go hand in hand 
here. It progresses in the right direction, in¬ 
creasing assets, policies, insurance and sur¬ 
plus, and diminishing every outlay that does 
not benefit the policy holder. Xo stronger as¬ 
surance can be given of the solidity, safety and 
perpetuity of a life company than that no part 
of its premiums are needed or used to meet Its 
losses. The interest receipts alone pay the 
losses of the New York Life ins. Co., loaviug 
premiums to accumulate for the security of 
its grateful policy holders. We notice that Its 
income for 1874 is half a million larger than in 
1873—a rare ami exceedingly comfortable thing 
these, hard times. The Company shows a divis¬ 
ible surplus of $2,185,000—a sum equal to S3 per 
cent, of the year’s premiums. We do not feel 
like quallfylngour commendations of this solid 
old Company. It has our confidence and best 
wishes. 
Selecting Seed*.—it is the time for selecting 
seeds for spring planting. There are several 
"ays of doing this—one from experience, 
which is always the best guide unless one 
wants to make experiments ; another from the 
experience of others as given in the agricultural 
papers, farmer*’ clubs, etc.; another from the 
information derived from the elaborate and 
generally, carefully prepared catalogue of the 
seedemon. No matter w hich of these guides 
are chosen, the importance of making choice 
oi and giving orders for seeds early, ought not 
to bo overlooked. For as 1 ho season advances 
every seedsman will be overwhelmed with 
business; aud as the rule is, “ first come first 
XT . .,“ «uuuei.co in me ouamess; aud as the rule is, “ first come first 
.North vest, as such, cannot be measured. True, served,” those who delay their orders ’ may 
lie made mistakes, arrived at wrong conciu- hum to wait what tkev m«V r«£r:tril jin unM...... 
' J 1 L«4j 
SATURDAY, FEB, 27, 1875. 
- « _ 
A SEVERE WINTER. 
The late Prof. Chester Df.wf.y, D. D., 
LL.D., of Rochester—a noted scientist, who 
devoted special attention to Meteorology, arid 
made daily obscrvntlons for many years, report¬ 
ing annually to the Smithsonian Institute— 
was wont to say, when people complained of 
cold weather, that the temperature was about 
the same as previous years and the record 
usually proved his accuracy. Out if the learned 
Doctor and good man wore now living we 
think he would concede that the present 
w'inter lias been the most severe for over a score 
ol years at least. Indeed, in New York City 
and vicinity there has not. been so cold a season 
a* the present for some forty years, judging 
from the ice in t he rivers and harbor, and the 
depth to which the frost has penetrated the 
earth. For example, the Hudson River was a 
few days ago so firmly frozen over that several 
persons crossed on tbo ice from New York to 
Hoboken—the only occurrence of the kind 
since 1835. The East River has recently been 
so covered with ice that hundreds of people 
have crossed upon it to and from New York 
and Brooklyn on three or four different occn- I 
sions. Of course much delay was caused to | 
ferry and other boats, and many long and 
dangerous trips occurred in the rivers, harbor 
and Long Island Sound. An old pilot informs 
us that there has been no such ice blockade as 
the present, since 1833, hut. that then the ice 
w T as so thick at Sandy Hook that many vessels 
were held firmly for days, and the officers and 
crows visited each other by walkiug on the 
frozen sea. 
The inconvenience and suffering caused by 
the unusual and prolonged cold weather in 
New York and vicinity have been great. The 
water-pipes are firmly frozen in many parts of 
the city, so that thousands of families are 
deprived of the usual supply of an indispensable 
so covered with ice that hundreds of people in industrial pursuits—the eldest son, we be¬ 
have crossed upon it to and from New York *>evc, is one of the officers of the Illinois State 
and Brooklyn on three or four different occa- Horticultural Society, of which Mr. Dunlap 
sions. Of course much delay was caused to | wa * fl member from the first and lately Presi- 
ferry and other boats, and many long and dent. He also leaves as a widow one of the 
dangerous trips occurred in the rivers, harbor noblest of Illinois matrons, with whom all who 
and Long Island Sound. An old pilot. Informs T,ave enjoyed her acquaintance and hospitality, 
us that t here has been no such ice blockade as And who have witnessed her devotion to her 
the present, since 1833, hut. that then the ice husband and children, will sympathise pro- 
w'as bo thick at Sandy Hook that many vessels f°undly in this her severest affliction, 
wore held firmly for days, and the officers and —If the writer of the foregoing were to at- 
rrmvs visited each other by walking on the tempt to give expression to his personal feel- 
irozen sea. ings resulting from this loss of his long-time 
The inconvenience and suffering caused by and faithful friend, space would fail, as well as 
the unusual and prolonged cold weather in words. 
New York and vicinity have been great. The -- 
water-pipes are firmly frozen in many parts of Sn«H Culture in Burgundy, Provence and 
the city, so that thousands of families are Switzerland is thus described:—” Throngs of 
deprived of the usual supplyof an indispensable women and children scour the country, collet t- 
necessity, aud subjected to much inconvenience ing the snails in immense numbers auddenoMt- 
ovriotioo Da A «1a ___ a . _ i . ....... * • 
-u. the JbTdtofouXE 
honesty of hie intentions cannot be gainsaid, too late to derive the advantages which an 
and the aggregate good he has accomplished earlier ordering might secure (kein Till - i 
hy the practical leer.,.,, he 1 ,„ g | v «„ bl 0 "* M 3 ^SVw^it i ta 
by Precept and example, arc rarely equaled by well for them to act upon 
the efforts of out* man In a lifetime. Some¬ 
where about. i860 he left his Leyden farm and -- - - 
nursery and settled upon a beautiful piece of Sympathy in Affliction- Our columns have 
Illinois Central land, a few miles from Cham- recent, F contained communications from Kau- 
paign, in Cuampaigu Co., 111 . Here he con- And Nebraska, where the grasshopper 
verted the raw prairie into a beautiful home- rava «ed, i lint, show limy seriously the people 
stead, which ho culled “Rural Home,” and tl,on} have suffered aud are suffering. Scarce 
Which was a Rural Homo in the best sense of any other appeal is needed to arouse in the 
the word. His Industry, enterprise, taste and he arts of our reader# a desire and disposition to 
skill, as manifested on this farm, u considerable ald those who are thus distressed. Still it is 
portion of which was devoted to a nursery of Proper and wo cheerfully call attention to the 
fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs, to the nced ® of the Kansasand Nebraska Sufferers and 
growing of forest trees, small Iruils and gene- urflre that what can be done should bo done to 
ral farm crops, exerted n wonderful influence aici them. None of us know how soon we may 
upon the farmers of Central Illinois. His be called to suffer from equally unavoidable 
home was a model, though modest aud unas- afflictions. This shuuld always be taken Into 
Burning, one; his hospitality was proverbial, consideration. The winter is not yet over, and 
and as a neighbor lie was highly regarded, moru a ' d is needed; besides, as the spring 
though frank and firm in caee of any attempt approaches there will be a want of seed as well 
to impose upon his kindness and good mature. as tor teams in order that a harvest may be 
He was a forcible and effective writer, poetical secured for 1875. 
by nature, with the keenest appreciation of all --. 
that is beautiful and a devotee to the aesthetics Tim Poniir* p.i.ii.ai.. , 
..f Rural Ufa. Ye, tins del no, mar , He nrad P ' ' ! “'.. Y , , ’" ? ho , Kho<1 ' Island 
i- we non t say any such thing. As a rule, the 
f safest advice Ik. Stay where you are, wherever 
you may be. This trotting about the world 
nff fortunes has ruined more men than it 
g has permanently helped. A man who does 
. well where he is is not likely t.n improve by a 
- change, and a man who fails from shiftlessness. 
- indolence or want of Judgment. In one place is 
3 I quJte likely to do so in any other. 
> | _ _ _ 
Seed Exchange*, All offers on the part of 
any of any of our readers to exchange seeds 
with other of our readers, should come in the 
shape of advertisements accompanied with the 
i ,r, °ney to pay therefor at, our advertising 
> rates. It Js just a» i^ood sense to a^k us to 
publish the advertisements of seed dealers 
offering to exchange seeds for cash, or of stock 
growers offering the same thing, as to ask us to 
advertise an exchange of seeds gratuitously. 
-- 
Price* of Farm Labor.—It j s suggested to us 
by correspondents that It will be interesting if 
those who send ua a record of season apd prices 
in their respective localities, would also state 
the prices paid for farm labor. We believe we 
have called attention to this matter before. It 
will be especially interesting now that engage¬ 
ments with help for the season are about to be 
made or are being made. 
-- 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
Last year Indla had 3.700,000 acres of land de¬ 
voted to cotton cultivation. 
«JL N „ Hl i". Knry ar ® fed "Pen tobacco in a 
green state, and they thrive upon it. 
The corn crop of the United Slates for 1874 
bushe!s Rllty ° V ° r ° ,gl,t hundred millions of 
A fahm In California has been leased for five 
OS ^ 000 «cres al '° nt! " ° f ’ il °°n- 
Alfred Bkidoeman, 876 Broadway, V y 
City, sendsu* Ms Annual and Descriptive Seed 
Catalogues for 1875. 
OVER $300 in premiums have been offered bv 
the Iowa State Hurt. Son., to encourage tree 
planting in the spring cif 1875. S e8 
The American Dairymen’s Aaa’n propose ar- 
raiigoments for having a cheese factory in full 
operation ui, the Philadelphia Centennial. 
Grand Haven, Mich., state 
that the fruit crop for the whole surround- 
weuther!° D “ destroyed ” by Intense cold 
,,W 10,1 at " ,8 PWI «>«W<* 
„ J!°'L ah mV « new Club for the Ru- 
riAt,, or adding to the one already started in 
your neighborhood? March is a good month 
to march on in the good work. 
and expense. People in the country who have 
wells or other sources of supply, are fortunate 
indeed compared with New-Yorkers who are 
deprived of Croton water, and whose trials and 
tribulations cannot be properly estimated by 
our rural friends. But the -worst, feature or 
consequence of the unusual and long-continued 
I iw temperature in this and other cities has 
been the suffering amoug the poor, many of 
whom have been almost or quite destitute of 
fuel and provisions. Thousands have been 
saved only by the timely aid furnished by 
charitable associations und individuals in New 
ing them in little tracts of land, inclosed with 
simply a trail of sawdust. This last the snail 
despises; he cannot cross it, and avoids its vi¬ 
cinity as a matter of preference; therefore, for 
his confinement it is as good as a stone wall. 
After incarceration for two or three days he is 
permitted to starve, and then t he plat is laid 
out in patches or turf intersected by paths of 
sand. Above boards are hung to serve us shel¬ 
ter for the. snails, which instinctively gather in 
large groups. The food provided consists in 
aromatic plants, such as mint, or lettuce and 
fragment.; of vegetables. This I; fed to them 
being unusuallj fine and varied and the attend¬ 
ance large. The Providence Journal, speaking 
of the third day’s proceedings, says: ‘There 
is but one expression in regard to it, and that 
is that it is a big ’show ' in every sense of the 
word, and all connected with it may well feel 
gratified at the result.” Though “Little 
Rhody" secured most of the premiums we 
notice, that several were awarded to Massachu¬ 
setts breeders and fanciers. 
“Slow I’ny Is nn Incentive lo Dishonesty.” 
—So some one writes in a discussion of the 
treatment of the farm laborer. Yes, and slow 
pay is an incentive to slow and poor work. 
Prompt pay, with a certainty of it. as soon as it 
is earned, prompts and stimulates good and 
faithful work; for men are not apt to ignore 
the advantages of such pay and will not be 
likely to risk losing such a place. We think 
every farmer who has experimented in this di¬ 
rection will indorse this, as a rule. 
- - - 
The British Grnin Trade, according to latest 
English papers, continues dull, and the lookout 
not at all cheerful for producers. This is not 
due so much to the presence of large stocks of 
grain in the English grain markets as to the 
knowledge of the fact that there is an abund¬ 
ant supply abroad ready for shipment on de¬ 
mand. This crushes out ail speculative feeling 
and causes a dull market, with no immediate 
prospect of a bet ter one. 
r Wasoburx & C’o., Boston. Maas., send us 
» r A m J ur,i valo . r Gui ie to r.be Flower 
and Kitchen Garden, which of course include* 
3 a descriptive and Illustrated catalogue of seeds 
t ' i > p ^' l ^' d tb'it. the entire stock of several of 
> M,^'eaK CK1 * TT rr seedli, ’ff grapes has been pur- 
J Wh!rli V jh' Hance & Son, Red Bank, N. J. 
; seedlings have been purchased is not 
! Vr R ’, FI - & CO., 180 and 191 Water St.. New 
York, send us their Seed Catalogue for 1875— 
m nd"ffMiwff the garden, flower and Held seeds 
houses ' S f ° r FlUe :it the,r Agricultural Ware- 
'yi.bpAttb'S Practical Butter Book— to be 
Q l J b , : ® bed at tb * s Office during the ensuing 
Snr ng, as announced j«&t week,-will be the 
SSJSK l W ,e " ,, JJ wt - Ir ' w511 cnrr >nrise full 
details of t.m various processes or butter 
making, with all recent improvements. 
C’iias. D. CitAMPi.rx, the projector and prin- 
cipal agent in the organization of the weli- 
♦ leas ;H n y alley Wine Company, died at 
the Metropolitan Hotel, in this qity, Feb. 8 th. 
to him. more than to any other man, probably, 
is due Hie proniiueuoa which Pleasant Valley 
grape and wine ini crests have at tained. 
( A?2^ !I ' K brI “^ "* Spring Catalogue 
B ^ l ' ,ui ;'‘ SI '’■own Mnaii Fruit and Plant Farm, 
fium bAMiTBL < . Dkcou* Moorestown, N. J * 
n. es ‘i r,r>l 1 Ve ? l ‘ e< * Catalogue of Cole & 
A’,,' 1 ' hoi a; also the Descriptive Cata- 
»!> d Ornamental Trees and Plants 
of Randolph Peters, Y ilmington, Del. 
- _ 
BUSINESS NOTICES. 
— • — _ 
WHITMAN & BURRELL, 
Little Falls. N. Y„ y-eep constantly on hand all 
articles necessary to furnish a first-class Creamery 
and Cheese Faotory. First premium Boiler and En¬ 
gine a specialty. Send for Circular. 
There is nothing in inodci-n discovery so 
wonderful or so meritorious as that great saver of 
labor and time, Dobbins’ Electric soap, it tells 
its own story ou one trial, and is sold solely on its 
own merits. Try it. 
-- 
Much of the Whit© Lead sold as pure Is adulter¬ 
ated irons 20 to 50 per cent. Every keg of Eckstein. 
Hills & Co.'s “ Phoenix ” brand White Lead is 
warranted perfectly pure, white, fine and durable. 
-- 
To make your Hens lay, use the “Improved 
E,'g Food ;” a sure thing. Send 50o. for trial pack¬ 
age, post-paid. L, H. SH in wood A Co.. Hartford, Ct. 
—----- 
The unprecedented Bale of the Eureka Ma¬ 
chine Twist is accounted for trotn the fact that 
those who use it once will use no other. 
