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“PROCRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.' 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
RURAL, LITERAL! AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
D. ». T. MOOSE, 
Founder and Conducting Kditor. 
CHA8. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW 8. FULLER, 
AxMooiatB Kd-itore. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, H. Y., 
Ediiob or tub DorMtrMSHT or Saum 1 H»iEiwo»r. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Editok of the Department of Daiet Hubrawdrt. 
G. A. C. BARNETT, Publisher. 
TERMS FOR I87S, IN ADVANCE, 
INCLUDING POSTAGE, WHICH PUBLISHERS PREPAY. 
Single Copy, 83.05 per Year. To (Hubs Five Cop- 
ten, and ono copy free to Agent or getter up of Club. 
forflS.40; Seven Copies, and one free, for 617.20; Ten 
Copies, and ono free, *21.50—ouly $8-15 per copy. The 
above rates Include pontay< i which we shall be obliged 
io prepay after Jan. 1, 1875, under tbo new law,) to 
any part of tbo United States, and the American 
postage on all copies mailed to Canada. On papers 
mailed to Europe, by steamer, the postage will be HA 
cents extra—or $3.50 in all. Drafts, Post-OfBoo Money 
Orders and Registered Letters may be mailed at our 
risk. J2T Liberal Premiums to all Club Agents who 
do not take free copies. Specimen Numbers Show- 
Bills, Ac., sent free. 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
Inside 14th and tnth p» k es( A gates pace ).R0c. per line. 
*’ IStli page..70 “ 
Os's 5 le or last page......-1.00 " 
.• • .y percent, extra for unusual display. 
Special Notices, leaded, by count.1.25 “ 
Reading * ...2,00 
Discount on 4 Insertions. 10 per ct.: 8 Ins., 15 per ct.; 
13 Ins., 20 per ct.; 20 ins.. 3.i per et.; 52 Ins., 33B per ct. 
%JT Ne advertisement Inserted for less than $3. 
PUBLICATION OFFICES! 
No, 78 Duane Street. New York City, and No. 67 
East Main St., (Darrow’s Bookstore, Osburn 
House Block,) Rochester, N. Y. 
SATURDAY, MARCH 27, 1875. 
A NEW QUARTER, 
THANAS,—TIMUY REMINDERS AND SUGGESTIONS. 
After thanking the host of Agents and 
others who have contributed, in various way*, 
to the success of the Rural New-Yorker 
during the past few months—making efforts 
to augment its circulation and increase the 
interest and usefulness of its pages—we u'ish 
to remind all our readers that a New Quarter 
will begin next week {April 3,) and offer some 
suggestions pertinent to the occasion. 
Our first reminder is that the opening of a 
new Quarter is a favorable time to either 
renew or subscribe. Please note that all 
whose terms of subscription expire this week 
will find the No. of the paper (1313) printed 
after name on address label, and that a 
prompt renewal is necessary to secure a con¬ 
tinuance of the Rural, the cash-in-advance- 
ayslcm being best for both Subscriber and 
Publisher. We trust that those who find the 
aforesaid number on their papers will not 
only renew at once, but induce neighbors and 
other friends to join them at a season when 
such a Journal as this must prove of great 
interest, and value. Indeed, as the Spring 
opens , tens of thousands of ruralists—people 
engaged in the various branches of Agricul¬ 
ture, Horticulture ., &c.,—will find such a 
paper as the Rural New-Yorker a paying 
if not indispensable investment. And will 
not its readers so advise, their friends, thereby 
benefiting individuals and community while 
adding to the useful?)ess and prosperity of 
the paper t 
Though the times have been ‘‘dull” and 
“hard" for months, that is no reason why 
the farmer, horticulturist , dairyman or stock 
breeder should stop reading the journals and 
boohs Which post him in regard to his busi¬ 
ness. On the contrary, it is the very time in 
which he should pay the most attention to the 
acquisition of information pertaining to his 
occupation, and the prospects, probable 
prices, etc., of the staples he produces. It is 
superfluous to add that NOW is the best time 
to secure such aids to profitable management. 
INTELLECTUAL CULTURE AND RURAL 
LIFE. 
It Is an assumption that is false, we believe, 
that a distaste for Rural Life and Its employ¬ 
ments grows in proportion to the growth of 
intelligence and refinement among farmers. 
We believe the reverse Is true, and that u love 
of Rural Life is developed In just such propor¬ 
tion as the Intellectual eiijoyments of men and 
women predominate over the gross and sen¬ 
sual. So far as our own observation lias taught 
us, those who most enjoy rural pursuits and 
witli whom agriculture and horticulture be¬ 
come u passion and pastime, are those who 
live the purest, nobleat lives, and who recognize 
the boundless field for Inquiry nnd experiment 
that farm life opens to them. It la said that 
the young men and women who leave the farm 
do so because they arc too refined and culti¬ 
vated to make drudges of thomvelves. This Is 
false. What arecalled “refinement" and “cul 
ture" In such cases, are only synonymBforfahe 
views of life and of social requirements, and a 
desire to participate in the more sensual pleas¬ 
ures of city life. Once they become cloyed with 
this sensuality, if they have a particle of native 
refinement, real intellectual culture and virtue 
left, their eyes turn toward the old farm home¬ 
stead, and they long for the delights they oneo 
failed to enjoy and for the privileges, substan¬ 
tial blessings and content they once ignored. 
This has always been and always will be; and 
the fanner whose boys are most likely to leave 
the farm and home, is he who Is without cul¬ 
ture and whose furally is reared in ignorance 
and drudgery, and whose llretdde lacks all the 
accessories of refinement, culture and social 
fellowship. The boy and girl whose home asso¬ 
ciation i are pleasant and refined, whose leisure 
has been given to Intellectual culture and [es¬ 
thetic enjoyment, will he the last to leave the 
farm, and if they do, will do so regretfully; 
and they will be the first to returu to it as life 
matures. 
-♦•»-» - 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
Who are Judge* t— in making up premium 
lists, agricultural societies usually, at least fre¬ 
quently, append the names of the Judges who 
are to make the awards in each class. These 
committees are curiously organized as to quali¬ 
fications in many oases. If an excellent judge 
of Iron, another of leather, and a third of apple 
dumplings—each being hia sole specially—were 
selected to judge of the points of a ring of 
Short-Horns or draft horses, It would represent 
in mauy cases the Incongruity of capacity, or¬ 
ganized in a large proportion of committees, to 
judge of and make awards upon the meritaof 
animals, machinery and manufactures. Neither 
special good judgment in regard to one pro¬ 
duct. nor general sound judgment as a man, 
qualities the party to make awards on products 
or wares he knows nothing about. This fact is 
too much overlooked, and is a cause of 
disaffection, demoralization and denunciation 
among exhibitors. It impairs to a great degree 
the value or all awards, aud hence the influence 
and usefulness of the Society thus careless In 
se eding judges. This Is nothing new ; but it 
is a reminder, and as such deserves attention 
by those interested in the good name aud pros¬ 
perity of industrial organizations. 
**' 
Mr. Chns, V. Riley.—We have a note from 
Mr. Cuas. V. Rilet in response to “A Covert 
Editorial'* in Kcbal New-Yorker of March 
13, in which he ignores—or elso he iB not con¬ 
scious of—the fact that the paa«a"e we quoted 
from bis pen was a gratuitous insult to the 
Editorial Corps of this Jourual—Mr. Fuller, 
perhaps, excepted. As such it was resented. 
We have, personally, no unkind or ungenerous 
reelings toward Mr. R., except such as grow out 
of this resentment. If Mr. Hilky understands 
the meaning of words he uses he knows that 
the quoted words were insulting; if he does 
not, they were insultiug nevertheless. If Mr. 
Riley chooses to avow his ignorance of the 
meaning of the words he uses, by disavowing in 
Lhe columns of the paper where he published 
his '.usulling language, any intention to convey 
an insult, we will copy such a disavowal; until 
lie does the insult stands and he has no claims 
uponour columns. Mr. Riley having made the 
controversy upon "The Distribution of the 
Grape Louse" a personal matter with Mr. Ful¬ 
ler, he (Mr. F.) will discuts that subject as he 
thinks proper. 
-M<- 
English Dairymen luvitiug American Com¬ 
petition for Cheese Frizes.—Our attention is 
called by one of the Editors of the London 
(Eng.) Agricult ural Gazette to the fact that “ At 
the Annual Cheese Exhibition, held at Frome, 
in the center of the Somerset and North Wilds 
dairy district, is a class open to the whole 
world, for the best sample of cheese of aDy 
make.” Since 1871 a sweepstake premium of 
this character has been offered, and at the last 
September show, ■* hopes were expressed that 
In time American exhibitors might be found.” 
This must be regarded as a direct challenge to 
American cheese makers; but we are not In¬ 
formed when the next exhibition takes place, 
nor the amount, or character of the prize offered 
in the class referred to. 
--- 
“Gold 10 3-4 and Going Up.”—That is the 
news from Wall st. at this writing. This mean# 
that there is a “ lock-up"—a corner in gold 
j which compels those who have to use it to pay 
any premium asked by those who hold It. Of 
course this affects commercial transactions in 
the foreign trade seriously— deranges it and 
makes men uncertain what to do. The natural 
theory Is that if this state of things continues 
long gold will begin to flow in here from abroad 
and the farmers will get more greenbacks for 
their grain, butter and c heese. Rut, In our 
judgment. It Is not safe to base high hopes 
upon such prospects. There i3 too small a bal¬ 
ance of trade agai nst us to warrant any extend¬ 
ed speculative demand for grain, based upon a 
! large gold premium. But we shall see. 
“ Burnt ” Economy—Does not consist in read¬ 
ing old Rurals instead of subscribing or re¬ 
newing when the paper stops, as this note from 
Air. C. V. 8. Wilson, Morgau Co., Ga,, exempli¬ 
fies:—“Time hangs heavy upon us; the world 
is out of joint; farming appears to be drudge 
work; housekeeping is unsatisfactory ; — and 
why? Be patient with me while 1 tell you; 
For several years a friend has sent us the Ru¬ 
ral New-Yorker. It was a pleasure to him 
a pleasure and a benefit to us; but since the 
new year began never a paper has come, aDd 
we, thinking to be economical—for we are 
Grangers—thought to begin economy by read¬ 
ing over the old papers, and thus save $2.65. ft 
don’t w T ork; perhaps $5 are now lost. So please 
send us your good old paper from Jan. 1,1875, 
for one year, aud we will try economy on some¬ 
thing else—say on ‘ castor off,’ as the boy said. 
Inclosed I send $2.05." 
Elmirn, the Live City of (southern New York 
—or of “ the Sout hern Tier"—Is progressing as 
rapidly us ever, the hard times and panic to the 
contrary notwithstanding. A recent visit and 
brief sojourn thfre convinced us that Elmira 
not only believes in but practices “Progress 
and Improvement" to the fullest extent. New 
buildings are being erected all over the city, 
the Rolling Mill and other extensive manufac¬ 
turing establishments are in full blast, the four 
railroads centering there busy, the Female Col¬ 
lege (with President Cowles at Its head! and 
public schools well peopled (or pupiled) and In 
good tune, while “ the Fourth Estate"—espec¬ 
ially the Advertiser, Gazette and Husbandman 
—seemed most prosperous. Brother Fairman 
of the Advertiser—who is also Post-Master of 
Elmira was most hospitable, whtle others ex¬ 
tended courtesies which we have not space to 
acknowledge. 
The Erie Railway and the Flood. —The in¬ 
terruption of travel on the Erie Railway', by 
the destruction of bridges at aud floodlug of 
Port Jervis, last week, caused great excitement 
and apprehension; but the prompt arrange¬ 
ments made by the Erie to secure communica¬ 
tion with New York, by Bonding tbolr passen¬ 
ger and freight trains via the Delaware & 
Luckawanua and Morris A Essex roads, soon 
dissipated all fears. The measures so promptly 
adopted by the Erie reflect great credit upon 
Mr. General Superintendent Bowen and other 
managing officers of the Company, and ought to 
be remembered and appreciated by the public. 
Having been oaugbi beyond the break—passing 
west just before tbe flood reached Port Jervis, 
and returning via the route above named—we 
speak gratefully aud fecliugly of the Ene man¬ 
agement. 
f f f 
Slaves or Freemen, Wliichf—There is noth¬ 
ing more hopeful about the present condition 
and prospective prosperity of the Southern 
States than such passages as this, wmicb we 
quote from a correspondent’s letter to Our 
Home Journul:—“la my opinion, Mr. Editor, 
] there is but one of two alternatives for us to 
choose—either to be slaves, many of us, and 
our offspring after us, or to be freemen; and to 
be freemen we must first stop the o:edit system 
If we have to live on bread and water to do so.” 
When men have arrived at such a conclusion 
as is expressed by the above writer—when men 
see distinctly that to be in debt means slavery 
and to keep out of it meaua freedom—it is evi¬ 
dence that they have reached a point in true 
business knowledge wbeuce they can travel 
upward and prosper. It is a good point to 
reach by Northern as well as Southern farmers. 
-M*- 
Consumption of Wood In France.—The Inde¬ 
pendence Beige gives some curious statistics 
relative to the consumption of wood in France. 
Every person in France cousumed on the aver¬ 
age dally five lueifer matches, so that 4,600,000,- 
C00 matches are cousumed monthly by the 
entire population, A large quantity of soft 
wood is used for making toys, and to give an 
idea of the magnitude of this trade it will be 
1 sufficient to take one article alone, children’s 
drums, of which in Paris alone 200,000 are sold 
every mouth. The total number made annually 
10 France Is estimated at 30,000,000, while a con¬ 
siderable quantity of wood must be consumed 
to supply 00,000,000 drumsticks. 
--***- 
Mich. State Boord or Agriculture.— We have 
the Twelfth Annual Report of the Secretary 
of this Board, consisting of 144 pages and em¬ 
bracing much valuable information concerning 
experimental aud progressive agriculture and 
horticulture In that State. But It is about as 
useful, as abook of reference, without an index, 
as a hoe is without a handle. How intelligent 
men who have any pride in their work could 
have sent out such a publication without a 
complete index it is difficult to comprehend. 
»*• — 
Sovereigns of Jnduslry. — The first. Annual 
Convention of the New York State Council of 
this Order was held in Elmira last week. Most 
of the Subordinate Councils of the State were 
represented, the sessions well attended, and 
the proceedings generally harmonious — indi¬ 
cating the prosperity of the Order, and an 
ardent desire forthe extension of its principles 
and benefits. We purpose giving a synopsis of 
the proceedings In our next. 
-- 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
Birds are to be protected and encouraged 
hereafter, in Kansas and Nebraska, as an anti¬ 
dote for grasshoppers. 
“Docs goodfarming pay ?” we see asked iu 
an agricultural exchange. It is not good farm¬ 
ing that does not pay! 
Don’t forget to remember that a New Quar¬ 
ter of tbe Rural beglus next week—a good 
time to renew or subscribe. 
According to recent statistics, 40 per cent, 
of the whole area of Russia, or 442,807,509 acres, 
is covered with timber trees. 
It is proposed to have a flying match of car- 
rierpigeons at the Centennial Exhibition, by 
the breeders of this class of birds. 
At Buffalo, recently, there was an interest¬ 
ing exhibition of pet squirrels of the different 
native species, by Mr. C. G. Irish. 
We notice the American gang plow is intro¬ 
duced and highly commended in New South 
Wales. It seems to meet a want long felt there. 
The Angora goat is, according to a Sydney 
paper, being extensively bred in Australia, and, 
it Is asserted, with more profit than Merino 
sheep. 
C. H. Dann.- We cannot answer your inquiry. 
Have no means of ascertaining except by writ¬ 
ing to Mr. Lawks, wnlch you can do as well as 
ourselves. 
We frequently get Items concerning season, 
crops and prices, which contain no cine to the 
places from which they were written. Such are 
always useless. 
Thanks to the multitude who write m In 
praise of the Rural. If they will tell others 
wmit they write us our subscription will soon 
be greatly augmented. 
Suffering Is now reported among the farm¬ 
ers In several counties of Missouri, and an ap¬ 
peal has been made for a State appropriation 
of $50,000 for their relief. 
S. A. Scranton 1b Informed that we have not 
the practical knowledge nor access to the in¬ 
formation that will enable us to answer his 
inquiries concerning Sumac. 
It is asserted that Buch vast quantities of 
prairie ebtekeus are sont to England from this 
country as to reduce their price to otie-haif 
that ol lluglish aud Scotch grou&e. 
ISAAC C. Phifer, St. Joseph. Mo,, asks where 
hop roots can bo obtalued. wnui they cost, Jcc. 
We Rave other birailar inquiries. Let Loose 
who have them for sale advertise. 
We are glad to notice that Mr. II. D. Emery 
has resumed his place on the Prairie Farmer, 
having purchased the entire interest of K. K. 
Jones and been elected President of tno Com¬ 
pany. 
Please tell your neighbors aud others that a 
Now Quarter of the Rural commences next 
week, furuisnuig tuern an opportunity m sub- 
Bcnne lor a paper whtoh will pay far more than 
its cost. 
Tue production of raisins from Calilornia 
grapes i& a growing business aud la sirungly 
urged as likely to be of great profit. The Wmte 
Muscat ol AiexuuUriu is named a» the best rai- 
stu grape. 
A postal card will contain all that, need be 
said about season, crops and prices in almost 
ail localities; and suuu items are interesting to 
all leaders. Remember to name ine prices paid 
for farm labor. 
The Journal of tbe Agricultural Societj of 
New South Wale# is a very jreuitaole publica¬ 
tion. An Intercolonial Exhibition, under me 
auspices ot the Society, Is to oe held at Sydney’, 
commencing April 6. 
The consumption of paper in the United 
States averages 17 lbs. per bead annually; an 
Englishman consumes 11 lbs.; a German, 8 
ins.; a Freuebmau, 7 lbs.: an Italian, 3 Job.; a 
Spaniard, 1H lbs., and a Russian, 1 In. 
With reference to the “ Elevatiou of the La¬ 
borer," a rorrospoudent writes:—” Put him on 
the sulky implements about to utmie iuto gen¬ 
eral use, instead iot idling him drudge aloug, 
wearing out ms boots, legs and patience; be 
can Improve bis mind then. lor bodily fatigue, 
through so much moiling and toiling, acts on 
tno brain a» heavy draft uues on the racer." 
Read the Rural carefully; preserye each 
number; reier to your file netore asking ques¬ 
tions and see if they have nut already been 
answered. We suggest this oeoause wo fre¬ 
quently receive inquiries to which we published 
replies, substantially, but a week or two pre¬ 
vious—which indicates carelessness iu reading. 
BUSINESS NOTICES. 
FOR NEW AND IMPROVED 
Cheese Factory and Creamery Apparatus Fixtures, 
Ac., apply to WHITMAN A BUKKELL, Little Falls. 
N. Y. Also, 1st Premium Boiler and Enables. Illus¬ 
trated Catalogue free. 
-- 
A wash that would usually take all day with ordi¬ 
nary eoap, can be do^e in three hours with Dobbins’ 
Electric Soap, ;umde by Cragin A Co., Philadelphia), 
and it c innot injure the finest fabric. Try it. 
Large Milk Pans.— Those iu want of the most 
complete aud perfect, should correspond with the 
Orange Co. milk Pan Company., at Franklin, 
Del. Co.. N. Y. 
-- 
Paint your house with the best. Every keg 
" 1’laenix Pure White Lead” warranted fine, 
white, good body, aud tbe most durable paint. 
