224 
©ORE'S RURAL WEW-YORKER. 
“ PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.’ 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
RURAL, LITKRAKV AND FAMILY SEWSPAPKR. 
D. D. T. IVXOORE, 
Founder mud Conducting ILditor# 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER, j 
AxHOoiate Kditors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, N. Y., 
Editor of tu* D«rAiiTMWr*T of 8h»kp Hwiraudby. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Utile Palls, N. Y., 
Editor or til* Uwr* ki«*kt of Diiar Hcmakbkt. 
(i. A. C. BARNETT. Publisher. 
TERMS FOR 1875, IN ADVANCE, 
INCLUDING POSTAGE, WHICH PUBLISHERS PREPAY. 
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fWOOBS’s 
fetuissssga 
SATURDAY, APRIL 3, 1875. 
QUARTER-DAY REMINDERS. 
After thanking the host of Agents and 
others who hove contributed, in various ways, 
to the success of the Rural New-Yorker j 
during the past Jew months matting efforts I 
to augment its circulation and increase the 1 
interest and usefulness of its pages—we wish j 
to remind all our readers that a .Veto Quarter 
will begin this ireck. 
Our next reminder is that tin opening of a 
new quarter is a favorable time to either 
renew or subscribe. Indeed, as the Spring 
opens, tem of thousands of ruraUsls—people 
engaged in the various branches of Agricul¬ 
ture., Horticulture, A v., —unit find such a 
paper as the Rural NEW-YORKER a paging 
if not indispensable, investment. And will 
not its readers so advise their friends, thereby 
benefiting individuals and community virile 
adding to the usefulness and prosperity ot 
the- paper f 
Though the times have been “dulland 
“ hard " for months, that is no reason why 
the fanner, horticulturist, dairyman or stock 
breeder should stop reading the journals and 
books which post him in regard to his bit si 
nass. On the contrary , it Is the very time in 
which he should pay the most attention to the 
acquisition of information pertaining to his 
occupation, and the prospects, probable 
prices, etc., of the staples he produces. It is 
superfluous to add that NOW is the best time 
to seoure such aids to profitable management. 
. - - — ■ - ■ -»■»» 
"ALL W0RK-N0 PLAY.” 
The management and treatment of farm help 
is an important matter to the farmer. The 
wisest treatment, involves a thorough knowl¬ 
edge of the character, tastes and habits of the 
laborer. The best marnigemeqi is that which 
seouresthe largest amount, of intelligent, cheer¬ 
ful, remunerative service for the wages given. 
But cheerful service is not rendered a man who 
is too driving or exacting, manifest ing a dispo¬ 
sition to squeeze out of his employe every par¬ 
ticle of labor his muscular power will enable ; 
him to perform between sunrise and sunset, 
day after day and week after week. Cheorful 
servloe is rendered t.he man who has a thorough 
knowledge of what an employe Is i apable of 
doing, what he ought to do and how he ought 
to do It, and of the limit of a man’s endurance 
—who recognizes the need of both rest and 
recreation; who understands the wisdom of 
manifesting Appreciation ; who begets a liberal 
disposition to serve, on the part, of the laborer, 
by liberal and wise treatment of the laborer, 
ft Is the greatest possible mistake an employer 
can make, to place himself in an attitude of 
antagonism to his employe—that is, to make 
him feel that he has no purpose In establishing 
such relations wit h him, except to wrest from 
him all that can bo got out of him and give 
as little as possible in return. A recognition of 
mutual Interests is far better. 
Rut it is doubtful R any specific rule can be 
established which shall apply to all cases. As 
intimated above, the wisest treatment must 
depend upon the nature and habits of the man. 
For Instance, lu some parts of England the 
experiment has been made of giving farm la¬ 
borers a half-holiday on Saturday afternoon, 
This, with the hope that, the leisure thus given 
would bedevoted toscdf-eulturo and to the pro¬ 
motion of their own individual welfare and in¬ 
terests. It was also hoped that this concession 
would result in greater faithfulness to duty dur¬ 
ing the shorter time of labor. But the result does 
not seem to have been gratifying. In a major¬ 
ity of eases self-indulgence and dissipation has 
resulted instead of self-culture. Inbtead of 
devoting the half-holiday to the promotion of 
their Individual and family Interests their earn¬ 
ings have been spent and the time consumed 
in objectionable pursuits and intemperance. 
Instead of appearing Monday morning prompt¬ 
ly. refreshed and cheerful for the prosecution 
of the week's labor, tardiness inis been a marked 
feature, and the marks and effects of dissipa¬ 
tion apparent, unfitting them for the proper 
discharge of their duties. Instead of being 
moro willing to work over time for an hour or 
two, In case of an emergency, in consequence 
of the concession of employers, they are less 
willing and more tenacious of what are called 
their time rights. In short, iu a large propor¬ 
tion of cases, the half-holidays have proved a 
curse instead of a blessing to the laborers. 
11 But this la In England," it will beaald. Yes; 
but human nature, in the same grade of intel¬ 
ligence, is pretty much I be same tlid world over. 
It may be assumed that American farm labor¬ 
ers are more enlightened than the average 
English farm laborer. Yes; hut “Satan finds 
some mischief dill for Idle hands to do." If 
the American laborers' intelligence Is such as 
to lead him to utilize his hours of leisure for 
his own Improvement then no objection can be 
made to half-holidays. Whatever will elim¬ 
inate from tlie minds of men (and women) 
whether farmers, their sons or their employes, 
that farm work is necessarily drudgery. Mill 
help to elevate it as a pursuit and render those 
engaged In It moro contented, happy and self- 
respecting. While we believe that ail human 
beings aro happier for having employment of 
some character than they would be without 
it, wo believe the degree of happiness depends 
upon the circumstances and conditions which 
surround such employment and upon the in¬ 
telligence and objects with which it la pur¬ 
sued. The farmer, therefore, who cannot 
interest his employe in the work ho does, 
who cannot awaken in him enthusiasm in its 
prosecution and an interest In its results fails, 
to that extent, in being a model employer; and 
lie who does not remember that “All work and 
no play makes Jack a dull boy," and provide 
for the periodical recreation or diversion of 
Ids employe, wisely, lias much to learn con¬ 
cerning the proper treatment and management 
of hired help. 
- ♦ ♦ » - - 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
And Now Comes Spring!—Yes, at last, after a 
long season of hibernation, we have sure .indi¬ 
cations, and Indeed realities, of Spring. Not 
yet t he Spring of the poets,—who are wont, to 
prate of flowers and the vernal season, lor an 
abundance of snow and ice still abounds in 
various sections, and even while we write 
(March 28) those wintry elements have not en¬ 
tirely departed (though fast molting) from Cen¬ 
tral Park, in this frigid Metropolis. But the 
weather is becoming genial, compared with the 
paBt, mouth, and there is a fair prospect ot' a 
general thawso general, indeed, that ere this 
paper reaches our readers it Is probable there 
will he freshets and floods, if not vast deluges 
and damagss, in sundry regions, notably those 
perambulated by the Delaware, Susquehanna 
and other rivers filled (and often gorged) with 
ice and environed by snow. Yet we trust the 
Rubicon will be passed without disastrous 
results, and that the long and wearisome 
look-out of rural ists will soon be terminated, 
so that they may not only see but cultivate 
mother earth—preparing, in Taith of the fulfill¬ 
ment of the unfailing promise, for seed time 
and harvest. Of course the lateness of the thaw r 
and break-up will necessitate the hurrying of 
Spring Work over u large and wide extent of 
the country, but wise soli cultivators will “ take 
time by the forelock ' and have their forces— 
men, teams, implements, etc.,—ready for oper¬ 
ation at the earliest moment, remembering that 
a prompt and energetic opening of the Spring 
Campaign, and its proper prosecution there¬ 
after, augurs, if it does iot assure, bountiful 
aud profitable returns in Autumn and Fall. 
And so may it be with all our readers engaged 
in rural pursuits! 
The New Postal Law.—If the new postal law 
adopted at the close of the session of the last 
Congress had not provided for franking the 
political speeches of members of Congress, 
seeds from the Government seed sture, &o., in 
the interest of Congressmen and the few r who 
are too penurious to pay for their own seeds, 
there would be less occasion to find fault with 
the other change in the law which doubles the 
postage on what Is known as “third class mat- 
ter”—books, pamphleLs, prints, transient peri¬ 
odicals, patterns, samples, seeds, cuttings, etc. 
We say there would be loss reason to find fault 
because If, as is asserted, the deficit on the ( 
transmission of this class of matter by mail 
amounts to 116,000,000 annually, for which de¬ 
ficit the whole people arc taxed, whether they j 
use the mails or not. It is an outrage as great ah | 
the free distribution of seeds. We know no 
good reason why the people «>1 this country 
should be taxed $16,000,000 to pay for the trans¬ 
portation of books, seeds, samples of goods, j 
transient papers, Ac., for those who choose to ; 
use the mails. Those who choose to use the ! 
United States malls should pay the full cost of 
transporting whatever they send. It is well 
known that tho Rural New-Yorker does not- 
believe in the doctrine of either getting or giv¬ 
ing something for nothing. But it is an unfor- i 
innate plea on the part of Congressmen, that 
their object was to lessen the deficit when they 
at tho same time restore the franking privilege 
on their own worthless wares. Here Is where 
tho outrage comes iu; and while those who | 
profit by mail facilities should be made to pay 
the full value received, up to the point of mak¬ 
ing the income of the Post-office Department 
equal the outgo, no exception should be made 
in favor of political leeches and their friends. 
--, ♦! 
Farmers and Flowers.—We saw it asserted 
recently in one of our agricultural exchanges, 
that. “The average American farmer ho* a 
contempt for flowers." We protest that this 
is a libel upon the average American farmer. 
There are some farmers who affect indiffer¬ 
ence to flowers and to believe it Isa waste of 
time, labor and soil to cultivate them ; but wo 
never knew such a man who was not ultimately 
•* brought round” by the persistent efforts of 
the wdfe and daughters and who did not Anally 
look upon and speak of the " posey birds" with 
a degree of pride arid satisfaction. The average 
American farmer is not so low in the scale of 
intelligence and refinement as the writer quoted 
above would have us believe. If this writer 
Judges the average farmer to be as low as the 
average farmer of his own neighborhood may 
be, R only proves that, he has not “traveled.” 
The Dentil of Major.Gen. John Williams, 
Ex-Mayor of Rochester, a former member of 
Congress, and Treasurer of that city for the 
past two years, (to which office ho was re-elect¬ 
ed by a large majority at the recent charter 
election,) occurred on Thursday, March 26, at 
the age of 68. Gen. Williams was for forty 
years a prominent, and esteemed citizen of 
Rochester and frequently chosen to occupy 
positions of honor and trust, the duties of 
which were always discharged with prompt¬ 
ness and fidelity. His death is a public loss, 
aud w ill be sincerely mourned by a large and 
wide circle of friends. 
--— 
A bpeolnl Request to Owners of Grass 
Lauds.-We should like to know w r ho among 
our graziers can give us the largest list of 
grasses cultivated upon his larin — either as 
pasture or meadow with the names of the 
same. By this we mean varieties of grasses the 
seed of which has been sown by the farmer for 
tho purpose of producing summer or winter 
forage. There is a general Impression that few 
farmers oan name other than Timothy, Redtop, 
and what is known as “Game Grass," as enter¬ 
ing into such a list. Some can add Orchard 
Grass. But who can give us the biggest and 
best, list, actually cultivated t 
•- - tffi 
No Seed* io Secret Societies.• A Tennessee 
Patron wrote to the Commissioner of Agricul¬ 
ture, asking for tho Grange to which he belong¬ 
ed, “ A share in the distribution of field, flower 
and garden seeds from the Department.” He 
received the following cold-blooded reply, and 
of course feels chilled in his affection for the 
seed store at Washington; 
Duak Sir:—T he rules of this Department 
prohibit the employment of any secret, society 
for the purposes of distribution. I cannot, 
therefore, comply with your request of the first 
of March. Respectfully, 
Frederick 5V atts, 
Commissioner of Agriculture. 
-- 
Xom Source of Intellectual Brilliancy.—Dr. 
Fothergill says in the Popular Science 
Monthly that the Intellect is more than nor¬ 
mally brilliant when the person is affected with 
the first stages of pulmonary consumption or 
with chronic gout. If this be so. New York 
City ought to supply, just now . something ex¬ 
ceptionally sparkling, intellectually; for this 
terrible winter has forced a large proportion of 
its population—if we may judge by complaints 
—into “the first stages of pulmonary consump¬ 
tion.” 
-*♦«- 
A Large Amount of Thinking and calcula¬ 
tion pays at this time of year if applied by the 
farmer to the work of the opening season. The 
difference between the thinking, calculating 
farmer and one who is not, is plainly demon¬ 
strated in the difference in the management of 
the farm and the character and condition of 
the crops. _^_ 
The British Grain Trade—Up to March 15, 
according to foreign exchanges, there was no 
change in the grain trade—nothing to stimulate 
lie hopes of American holders. 
The Early Bone— Correction.— Our esteemed 
correspondent, Mr. Jona. Talcott of Rome, 
N. Y., thus corrects a “mistake of tho printer. 
He says:—“In the Rural of March 20th you 
make me say that " the Early Rose Is larger and 
dimmer," when comparing It with the Early 
Vermont. It should read longer and slimmer , 
the Vermont being the shortest and thickest, 
or, in other words, more chuuked than the 
Hose. Please correct the words larger and dim¬ 
mer, as that Is not the distinction. 
.---♦♦♦-— 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
In 1874, it is asserted that Ban Francisco sent 
$1,400,000 gold east, to buy pork and lard. 
The number of acres In orchard in Kansas in 
1874 is reported as 100,836; in nurseries, 5,0m. 
Cotton seed is becoming one of the principal 
exports from Egypt, England taking about 
3,000.000 ewt.s. of it last year. 
mat year. 
I'EACH eh, cherries, plums and apricots are 
reported killed by the severe weather as far 
South as Henderson Co., Ky. 
The Rural begins a New Quarter this week. 
Tell your friends about it, and that now is the 
time to subscribe, singly or in dubs. 
THElllinois Board of Agriculture offers a $100 
premium for the best half mile of earth road 
made in that State during the present year. 
IT is stated that In Hull. Eng., a disease 
dmilur to that whtoh prevailed in this country 
among horses, two years ago, has broken out 
causing great mortality. 
An Englishman in this country writes us: 
“The Colorado Beetle scare in England— 
Pshaw 1 The beetles could not exist there; the 
climate would not suit them.” 
A recent writer says “one ounce of practice 
Is worth a ton of theory." It is when a fellow 
is hungry and has got, to dig Dloscorea batatas 
before be can satisfy that hunger. 
Agents, and all others disposed to aid in 
doing good by extending the circulation of the 
Rural, wilt please read Publisher’s Notices on 
page 238. 
Where shall the National Grange of Patrons 
of Husbandry locate its headquarters? is a 
conundrum nearly as exciting to some of the 
Western cities as the removal of the National 
Capitol. 
It Ik not a creed of the Rural New-Yorker 
— nor of any of Its readers, we hope,—that 
“ Learning i» no good to you if you let others 
know what you know," as an old Latin author 
once wrote. 
It is stated on the authority of President 
Anderson of the Kausas Agricultural College, 
that id the whole number of students leaving 
that. Institution since 1867 not one has chosen 
farming for a business. 
It is asserted that within the last two years 
over $ 200,000 worth of sheep have been destroyed 
by Kentucky dogs. Are all the dogs in Ken- 
Lucky worth uuc-tjlghl h tlita sum f If not, 
sheep breeders better buy t hem up and behead 
them. 
A Hamilton Co., Did., correspondent asks 
lor the address of some one lu Iudiaua or Ohio 
who has full bloml Poland-China hogs for sale. 
We cannot answer, but w r ou!d suggest that a 
reply t<- the question should be made in our 
advertising columns. 
They are talking about a Btatc Appropriation 
of money for the purpose of exhibiting the 
fruits of Missouri at the Chicago meeting of 
the A meric,an Pomoiogical Sue. and of its pro¬ 
ducts, minerals, &e., at the Centennial exposi¬ 
tion ut Philadelphia next year. 
Mr. George Grant, the founder of the 
Victoria Colony, Victoria, Kansas, after sub¬ 
scribing liberally himself, is inviting bis friends 
Lit Help In the erection of a church bulldiug for 
public worship. The population of this new 
colony is rapidly increasing and a church is 
desirable. 
Angora goats! Dear sir, we have never 
advised anybody to indulge iu such a luxury! 
Why. on an ordinary farm we would as soon 
have a thousand monkeys, for pleasure and 
profit—thut is, in a civilized community. On 
the top and in the midst of the Rocky Moun¬ 
tains we might think differently. 
Tins Union Publishing Co. of Newark, N. 
J., call our attention to an error in their adver¬ 
tisement, our printer having located them iu 
this State instead of Now Jersey. We take 
pleasure in making t his correction, as the U. P. 
Co. is sending out excellent goods, duiug a fine 
business, and Is in everyway worthy of a better 
fate than having its name spelled wrong iu the 
newspapers. 
TnESodder and Weeder is a new implement 
which its manufacturer, Mr. A. D. Eck le of Tre- 
mont, Pa., claims will cut two acres of sod per 
day, almost any required depth, by means of 
Its adjustable gauge. As a weeder it is also 
practical, going into the ground, and taraliy 
attacking the weeds, by cutting them off at the 
roots. To those having gardens and plats to 
sod, this machine ought to be of great value. 
"business notices. 
LEAKY ROOFS 
Easily made water-tight, with GLINE's PATENT 
Roofing Paint, which saves reshingling, is prac¬ 
tically fire-proof, contains no tar, ts extremely cheap, 
and indorsed by corporations, public Institutions and 
leading men in every State. Local Agents wanted, 
Send for book circular , containing full particulars and 
thousands of testimonials. N. Y. SLATE ROOFING 
CO., 8 Cedar St., New York. 
Dairymen and Chet se nnd Butler Faclo- 
rles.— WHITMAN A BUICRKLL. Little Falls, N. Y., 
sell 1st Premium Boilers, Engines, Cheese Vats, and 
all Dairy Goods, at lowest prices. Makers furnished, 
information and Catalogue free. 
Why should any one buy a soap half roain or clay, 
when Dobbins' Electric Soap-made by Cragin &, Co., 
Philadelphia.) is for sale? It costs but a trifle more, 
and will go five limes as far. Try It. 
Ask your merchant to furnish you the “ Phoenix 
Pure White Lend,” It you would have the best, 
and take no other. Bee advertisement. 
—_3d 
