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SB2 
MOORE’S RURAL WEW-YORKER. 
PROCRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.’ 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
111)UAL, LlTEAliV AM) FAMILl' KEIVSPAPKK. 
D. 9. T. MOORE, 
Founder an<l Conducting Editor. 
CHA8. D.BRAGDON, ANDREW 8. FULLER, 
Amtooiiiti) Kditorv. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, N. Y., 
Editou or tui Dii'uituhwt or 5 h»p Hvintnonr. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Editoi or thi DirntnirnT or Daisy HimiANOir. 
G. A. V. BA It NETT, Publisher. 
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—> - : , 
SATURDAY, MAY 20, 1875. 
NOW PUSH ON THE WORK! 
The severity of the part, Winter, general 
backwardness of Spring, and Into front;*, have 
outiui d the farmers of various regions great 
losses and much extra labor. In mnuy locali¬ 
ties the winter-killing of whole Holds of whoat 
has necessitated the plowing up and HOedlngof 
the ground to other crops—while In not u few 
Potions early planted Spring crops have boon 
destroyed, subjecting the farmers to the labor 
and expense of replanting, This requires extra 
work at the busiest. hcuhoii of the year at a 
period when, the Spring being so late, cultiva¬ 
tors have much lodo in little time. Aud now 
It behooves every one to “ make bay while t he 
«un shinea as, thank Heaven, It does at last! 
— by using hi* force of men, boys, teams and 
machinery to the best advantage. The farmer 
who has his men ready, learns In good condi¬ 
tion, and tools, Implements, etc., In order, can 
economize time now while others lose it by 
vexatious delays. He is the wise man and true 
economist who prepares, during leisure, for the 
season of active oporatlona for the Spring and 
Summer battle In anticipation of bountiful re¬ 
turns In Autumn. 
Now Is the time to push on the work, and every 
farmer whose labors have been Injuriously af¬ 
fected by t he season must lie on the alert to 
mako amend* for losses and detentions. Warm 
weather has come at last, aud many find that, 
the damuge to their crops lias been exagge¬ 
rated,-yet there is much to do, even In the 
most favored localities, while lii other* the in¬ 
jury cannot be wholly repaired by the utmost 
efforts. Tim bent thing to do now la to puth on 
the work In th© most thorough manner, saving 
all that is possible of Injured crops, and plant¬ 
ing such us are likely to mature and prove 
profitable In place of those lost. Industry, 
pluck, perseverance and good management, 
now, will ruyg many a farmer from ultimate 
loss and disappointment. The exercise of 
drains, with timely, well - applied work, will 
do the business—arid these will prove far better 
than croaking and Inactivity. There la much 
to do In garden, orchard, field, and among 
flock* and herds; but, with the promised seed¬ 
time and harvest at hand, It Is the duty of every 
one, regard leas of frosts hero, grasshoppers 
there, and forest fires elsewhere, to bo up and 
doing—In a word, to Push on the Wobu I 
TESTING FERTILIZERS. 
A few years since Mr. Thus. L. 11 ARISON got 
| tbc various fertilizer men around him, like so 
’* many hornets, because of certain analyses ho 
had made of their compounds as offered for 
sale In the market. The honesty and accuracy 
[> t of the chemist, Mr. W. M. Hahirshaw of tlifs 
city, was beyond dispute, but the fertilizer men 
did not like to see ttrick diutt, etc,, extracted 
from their strict ly pure $00 per ton stuff, heuee 
he then and there stopped all effort to expose 
these frauds. Now, honestly con due ted, there 
la Immense profit In the fertilizer business, but 
some must hasto to be rich. Neither could 
j these men, as do the adulterators of paints and 
’ other articles, claim that the public demanded 
a cheap article—for it was proven that some of 
the most foully adulterated stuffs wore the 
highest priced. 
It Is well known that In thoNoutb these stim¬ 
ulating fertilizers have been more largely used 
than In the North, because the cotton area has 
extended t o somewhat colder lands which must 
be warmed up, aud because there baa not been 
the cattle or stock to produce manuro. In the 
agricultural year ending May 1870. It is known 
that not less than $.‘1,000,000 worth of fertilizers 
were brought Into the State of Georgia. The 
live Agricultural Society of that State set Itself 
( to work to reduce the money outgo, and the 
n shrewd, energetic people have so readily re 
,, »ponded that up to May, 1870, only $J,000,000 
1 have boen brought in. But chiefly to guard 
5 against frauds upon the planters was attention 
1 directed, for cotton must have phosphoric acid, 
* and as It does not exist in the soli It must be 
supplied; In nee the Georgia fertilizer law. This 
r law forbldB the sale of any fertilizer by any one 
, under penalty of flue and Imprisonment unless 
. It Is accompanied by an analysis and so marked ; 
every dealer In fertilizers must send to an offi¬ 
cer appointed for that purpose a sample of his 
fertilizer for analysis. This, it may bo said, is 
no guard, but that Is not all. The State Agil- 
• cultural Yhillego also gets these samples and 
they are analyzed by Prof. II. C. White, a chem¬ 
ist of groat talent and carefulness; nor does 
the test rest hero, for they are still further put 
to the test of praOtlce by Prof. K, M. Pendle¬ 
ton on the Experimental Farm, and his result* 
are annually published by the {State Agricultu¬ 
ral Society, to the Secretary of which Associa¬ 
tion, Mr. Malcolm Johnston, much credit Is 
due. Nor docs the matter atop here, for within 
the last year the Commissioner of Agriculture 
has originated another test; he buys openly 
from the fertilizer dealer 100 or 000 lbs. of his 
stuff; thla he sends to a planter whom he se¬ 
lect.:' and the planter Is Instructed also to buy 
a similar quantity of tho same make, or It Is 
sent to some [danter who Is known to the Com- 
mtndoncr to have already bought of that man¬ 
ufacture. This Is done with someone hundred 
planters lb different sections or the State end 
they are Instructed to report fully tho time of 
planting, of putting In fertilizer, character of 
tho weather, etc., during growth and tho accu¬ 
rate result. A sample of tho soil ia also fur¬ 
nished to t he Department for analysis. 
It Is very plain that with such chocks »s those 
upon them tho fertilizer dealers In Georgia 
have to walk on a strict construction platform, 
and there is likely to bo obtained a better Idea 
of tho true value of the various fertilizers than 
ever heretofore. At the same time all these 
trials, and the Information tbuB obtained, , 
cannot fall to give great Instruction to the 
farmers and planters of Georgia, No other | 
State In tho Union has any such perfect sys- | 
tom. It may bo claimed that the North does , 
not need It, but tho books or tho fertilizer men j 
toll another tale, and the once natively rich , 
meadows <>r New York and New England are | 
rapidly becoming very large consumers of the 
commercial fertilizer*. Why? Because fewer 
stock are kept, and because two crops of hay 
are sold to the city. Too greedy to get rich. < 
Instead of feeding the land with tho aftermath, 8 
they force It with superphosphates and cut off 1 
the second crop. The greediness of the farmer v 
makes the superphosphate and nitrogen nece*- It 
sary, and tho greediness of the maker of fertil- si 
izera makes it necessary that there .should he K 
In the North some organized system for detect- f< 
lng adulteration, and of testing the values of si 
tho many brands of fertilizer* offered on the n 
inarkot. ... 
children tho Idea of thrift and economy. Some¬ 
time*, where a good many animals are raised, a 
pig, a lamb, a calf, up to even a colt, according 
to the ago of the children, Is given to each to 
rear and to keep or sell. Farmers, think of 
this; It will more than repay you in the happi¬ 
ness and confidence it will Impart to your sons 
aud daughters.” 
-m- 
Condition of the Winter Wheat Crop.— The 
reports of our corespondents and exchanges 
iu regard to the wheat crop are so varied and 
contradictory that It IsdlfficulUo make reliable 
estimates. The Department of Agriculture, lu 
Its report of “ Winter Wheat In May," does not 
Next, 100,000,000 pounds of wool at $25,000,000. 
This got Its living from grass. Next, 53,000,000 
pounds of cheese, worth $5,000,000. Add all 
these Items together, aud the grass product of 
1874 of the United States was no less than 
$1,211!,000,000. Tho total value of all agricultu¬ 
ral products In the United States was $2,447,- 
508.058. In Other words, the grass crop of tho 
United States can pay off the national debt In 
two years." 
— H I - 
Missouri entomological Report.—We are In 
receipt of Prof. Char. V. Riley’s “Seventh 
Annual report on the Noxious, Beneficial and 
other I nsects of the State of Missouri,” .Tudg- 
speak encouragingly of the condition of the ’"B’from a cursory examination we infer that 
crop. It says; 
During the past week theeondttlon of winter 
wheat lii «&0 eoutitle* linn been nwortod to the 
Department of Agriculture. About three hun¬ 
dred counties of the vallovs of the Ohio and 
Missouri are represented, which last, year pro¬ 
duced seventy million bushels of winter wheat, 
or 00 per cent of the product *.r seven States 
from Ohio to Kansas, The average of condition 
In these States Is 03 per cent. Indicating only 
llve-elghi a of « full crop, or more than forty 
million bushels. If no Improvement occurs 
Fine w eather In May may prove, the damage less 
than present appearances Indicate. In Knn- 
tucky, 75 per cent.; Ohio, .57; .Michigan, OH; 
Indiana, 00; Illinois. 03; Missouri, 50; Kansas 
8/—though only 32 counties in the latter State 
are represented. 'r| l0 condition Is better In 
Pennsylvania. Maryland and Virginia, though 
below an average. A few wheat counties*ta 
New York make extremely unfavorable re¬ 
turns. rtte proportion to bo replanted in other 
OJ[OP* averages It per cent. In the west, or 1,260 - 
000 acres In a breadth of 0.000,000 acres seeded. 
The largest, proportion Is 27 ter cent In 
Mhisourl; Illinois, 23; Kansas and Indiana, 11 ; 
Michigan and Ohio. 10; Kentucky. 4. Vorv 
little replanting in the Middle States, except 
New York. 1 
■-H*- 
The Grasshopper Plague. — At last week’s 
meeting of tho Farmers’ Club of Hie American 
Institute, the following suggestions to people 
In the West suffering (or likely to suffer) (torn 
the visitation of grasshoppers were presented, 
road and their publication requested:- "The 
Club has taken especial pains to get ull possible 
Information from experienced naturalists and 
persons who have studied the grasshopper's 
habits lu former years, aud we desire to get 
more facts. But we wish now In an especial 
manner to urge farmers In Kl.al.es where they 
have hatched this Bpring to remember that lii 
three weeks their wings w ill bo developed and 
they will certainly leave. A few will begin to 
fly about nearly a week before tho main body 
fly, and seeds planted thou will bo almost sure 
to produce a crop. Potatoes pluutcd deep will 
be safe now. And wo cannot urge this matter 
too mmoi, for other localities will bo more de¬ 
vastated, and Kansas, Missouri and Minnesota 
may possibly have late crops entirely uninjured. 
We hope Western papers will copy this and 
publish the date the grasshoppers leave or at 
tack." 
Where the Itnral Circulate*. Ono of our 
advertiser* has written us twice of late, In 
apparent astonishment—first that he had re 
celved responses from Canada, and again from 
Washington Territory. Jlo thinks tho Rural 
must circulate widely - -as well lu the Territories i 
and Canada a* the States. And he Is correct, for ; 
It not only goes ** thar,"-l. e., to all the States, i 
'Territories and Canada—but elsewhere to some f 
extent, having subscribers in South America, t 
Europe, Ac. Of course tho bulk of our olrcula- i 
lion is In the Middlo and Western Stales, but It 
la Very general In the Eastern and Southern and 
on the Pacific coast -California and Oregon 
being well represented. Our correspondent is 
not I he only advertiser in the Rural w ho has c 
been surprised at Us wide circulation. 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
Give the Boy* nntl Girls n Chance!—For 
what? To act and work for themselves, by 
giving plots of ground for flower or vegetable 
gardens, or for other purposes. We have often 
suggested this in the Rural, and also the 
giving of domestic animals to children for 
tkeir own care and profit. Major Freas of the 
Germantown Telegraph who la a father, and 
“knows how it is himself” -has a sensible 
paragraph on this subject, which we heartily 
I udorse. He euys “ In some sections—and It 
would be a decided advance In thoughtfulness 
anti kindness lu all sections—- formers give each 
of their boys and girls, too, a strip of land to 
raise whatever they choose upon it, and dispose 
of the product fur their own benefit. It. Ib a 
lavor that they all appreciate, and It is a pleas¬ 
ant and serviceable employment for them in 
their leisure hours. They will vie with each 
other In their skill at raising their little crops, 
and the proceeds applied to their own use, arc i 
frequently of some value; and the whole j 
arrangement, w hile U Instructs them in the | 
cultivation of the soil, early implants In the 
V A Great Clothing Establishment 4>i that of 
. Gko. L. Burr (late Freeman A- Burr) of l-’ulton 
, Kl., this city. This houso has several speolal- 
r ties—among them the Country Order System, 
r which it Introduced ton years ago, und whereby 
It has satisfactorily furnished clothing to t hou¬ 
sands of people In various parts or the United 
States. Orders arc received by mall, and rule* 
for self-measure, samples of goods, etc., are 
scut free to any address. We have scon a largo 
i number of testimonials from parties residing 
til. a distance, expressing entire satisfaction 
with clothes received from this establishment 
under the above system, and therefore consider 
It a great advantage and convenience. Mr. 
Burr seems determined that the reputation of 
the old firm shall be fully maintained. 
-K<- 
The Hay Crop, Live Stock, Dairy, dec.—Tl>0 
crop of hay aud grass Is tho greatest produced 
in this country, and probably the leading one 
in the world. What it yields in amount and 
value- the live stuck it foods, and tho milk, 
butter and cheese It produces —in the U. S, 
alone, will astonish tunny who do not study 
statistics. The Colorado Stock Journal tells 
the whole story In a nutshell, by giving these 
figures and comments 1 “ 'The hay crop in the 
United States for the last year is reported at 
over 27,000,000 tons cured. This, at $20 per ton, 
is about $600,000,000, and docs not Include what 1 
I was eaten but not cured. The livestock of the 
1 United States was worth $1,525,000,000. These 
had to gel their living out, of grass. Tho value 
of animal-: slaughtered for food In that year 
was $309,000,000. Tho butter crop was about 
514,000,000 pounds. 'This all came from grass. 
There were produced 235,000,000gallons of milk, 
Worth 835,000,000. This, too, catue from grass, t 
this report Is fully equal to any of Its predeces¬ 
sors. The Colorado Potato Beetle, the Chinch 
a Bug, and the Rocky Mountain Grasshopper are 
® tho insects mainly treated upon and apparently 
d ln *’ior. Riley’s usual scientific and exhaustive 
manner. ’The volume comprises about 200 
'• octavo pages, and Is one of the largest and 
* most valuable Entomological Reports ever 
j, Issued under tbo auspices pf the Missouri State 
y Board of Agriculture. 
i —— 
American Insurance Company. — We ebeer- 
; fully admit to our columns the advertisement 
Jj of this sterling old Company, which has for 
a about sixteen years confined Us business to 
h risks upon farm und residence property, and is 
u specially commended to the farming oommu- 
• nlty for this reason. The history of the Cora- 
- pony, which has been very prosperous, is a 
record of small losses and unremitting attou- 
I tlon to detail, promptness and fair dealing. 
y Not the leant favorable presentment of tho 
t Company is found In the fact that a large por¬ 
tion of Rh assets consist of Items that cannot 
by any possibility be misappropriated, 
a —---- 
, Personal. Rural readers will be glad | 0 
, learn that Mr. C. I). Ruagdon, who went South 
, some weeks ago for the benefit of his health, is 
, gradually gaining strength. At last advices he 
j was in Augusta, Ga., whence he writes cheor- 
, ingly of the climate, people, and summer at- 
I Unisphere and productions-tempting fruits, 
, flowers, vegetables, etc. By the way, we ob- 
, serve that our contemporaries are saying many 
I kind words about our Associate and expressing 
cordial wishes for his restoration-and he will 
appreciate such sentiments of sympathy and 
good will to the fullest extent. 
-- 
Willard's Practical Butter Book. -The an¬ 
nouncement of this work, soon to bo Issued 
from the Rural Office, has elicited many kind 
and highly complimentary notices of Its able 
author, not only from our agricultural but other 
contemporaries. In his behalf, but without his 
knowledge or consent, we tender grateful ac¬ 
knowledgments foi the courteab -and fraternal 
spirit thus manifested. Wo think the book 
Itself will Justify the praises of tho author’s 
hosts of friends connected with the Press. 
*«« 
Large and hmnll Farm*.-According to the 
Census of 1870, the farms of the United States 
arc divided as to size a** follows, the whole 
number being 2,050,085 Under 5 acres, 6,876; 
5 acre.-, and under 10,172,021; lu acres aud under 
20,834,1*07 ; 20 acre*and under 50,8-17.014; 50 acres 
and under 100,754,801; 100 acres and under 600, 
505,054; 600 acres and under l,0u0, 15,873; 1.0(A) 
acres and over, 8,720; average size of farm, 
acres, 153. 
-+-*-+- 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
R Rports from fifty points in Michigan indi¬ 
cate a fully three-fourths average wheat crop. 
Two different potato digging machines are 
now made lu England, and found effective In 
practice. 
Quite a large number of Short-Horns have 
been sold from the Connecticut Valley for the 
last few weeks to go to Kentucky. 
'The New England Ag. Society offers a hand¬ 
some prize to the young lady who shall cook 
on the fairgrounds tho best dinner for a farmer. 
Tj ,E Agricultural Insurance Company of the 
State of New \ ork lias coaaed to do business in 
Canada, and applied to the Dominion Govern¬ 
ment tor a release. 
Mil David Ward Wood ol Boston has been 
added to the Western Rural editorial *talT. Mr. 
W. la said to be a young man of eloquence and 
a popular temperance orator. 
The IV8. Wind Engine and Pump Co., of 
n^v ft. 1 b. manufacturers of Halliday’e Stan¬ 
dard Mml M Ills, double and single acting Force 
and Lift I utups* 4c., aonrJ t .14 a handsome llius- 
irated ‘jataJoxutf ol their wares. 
. » W n!i lmv ? r ?vfrlved the Jersey Herd Catalogue 
?/ JVuodlatvn, near Sin« Hintr, 
N. \ (I . O. Box 802, New York City.) contain, 
lng a record of Mr. ft.’s sales since July, 1888; 
also pedigrees ol the various bulls, cows and 
fteiierv ol his herd, aa recorded In the Herd 
Book of tho American Jersey Cattle Club. 
_ BUSINESS N OTICES, 
AS ONE FOUND 
ot Dubbins' Kli cirlo Soap, (made by Crugln & Co., 
Philadelphia,) will do the work of live pounds of any 
other, it Is roul y tho cheapest, though It costs a lit¬ 
tle more per pound. Try It. 
-...- 
“PliwillN Pure White Lend.” This brand of 
White Lead, made by Kckstoin, Hills fc Co., Is sold 
by dealers with the positive assurance that It Is per¬ 
fectly pure. 
-»■»* - 
11 earl ug Restored.— Great invention. Hook 
ftoe ' G. J. WOOD, Madison, Inti, 
----3s 
