JUNE <2 
YOUNG FOWLS vs. OLD 
the cows are parsnip fed, the same quantity 
of butter may lie obtained from seven quarts. 
The general average yield of each cow, old 
and young, is rather more than 365 pounds 
of butter in a year, or about eight quarts of 
milk per day.” 
This is the same amount of butter that oar 
good friend Crozikr of the famouB Beaver 
Stock Farm, asserts his combined herd of 
Jerseys and Ayrshire* produce, which asser¬ 
tion has been loudly called in question by 
other breeders, who do not happen to pos¬ 
sess the skill or good fortune to equal him. 
On this subject a writer in the Journal of 
Horticulture, (Eng.,) says:—‘‘My stock of 
fowls consists of sixteen Brahma hens of 
1872 and 1S73 ; these have not distinguished 
themselves in any way, but as food consum¬ 
ers, and an occasional egg or two. I have 
also ten Brahma Pullets and three Creve 
pullets hatched last March: these three 
last named began to lay at six months. 
From these, thirteen pullets I have bad from 
the 21st of October to the 21st of January, 
55S eggs. They are liberally fed. Eggs have 
been so very scarce this season that I am 
inclined to think this a great success. I 
should add that one of these pullets has set 
without hatching, owing to the extreme 
cold, and another is now sitting,” 
THE POULTBY-KEEPER.-NO. 23 
BRUNAU’B METHOD OF KILLING CATTLE 
The accompanying representation of a 
French method of killing cattle is copied 
from the Agricultural Gazette. The illustra¬ 
tion renders little description necessary. It 
is used in the Paris slaughter houses and 
consists of a leathern mask strapped over 
the bullock’s eyes and face. In the center of 
this mask, directly over 
middle of tlie forehead, is an 
iron plate, fitted in the leather, 
the under surface being flat ~ 
and close to the head. To ac- wV 
oomplish this to a nicety the |k\ 
pattern was first mode from 
careful molding* of bullocks’ 
heads. In the middle of this iHi 
iron plate is a round hole into ,-WV 
which the bolt or pin is insert- 
ed. The vertical section given 
represents the hole which <|||||$|| 
guides the pin-bolt. When the 
animal to be killed is brought 
to the slaughter house, the IJJfm 
mask is fitted ou, the. bolt-pin ; 'll/fj 
is inserted in the iron plate, and j/lfi 
the death stroke fa given by a 4/7////' 
wooden mallet on the head of ■ < III II Jill 
the pin, which pierces the brain J S' /////// 
for about a couple of inches, so I f t 
that the bullock is usually 
killed instantaneously. The in- Ij, ,iWiUv 
ventor finding that death would t ‘ h| ly) 
bo quicker if air entered the AWVAlM 
brain, adopted an Improved 
bolt hollowed out at its lower 'wwWg 
end, so as to become a punch. ' 
This bolt is shown. When the 
hollow bolt penetrates the 
skull, cutting its hole, it con- 
veys witli it air to the brain— ' 
little, but quite sufficient to brun/ 
stun completely the animal. When the beast 
is down a twig of osier is inserted, by means 
of the pm, winch passes through the spinal 
marrow, and the movement of the members 
PARTRIDGE COGHIN-COCK. 
The principal characters of the plumage of 
the cock are like those of the hen ; but the 
markings are on a ground of dark tan, which 
render here and there the characteristic 
marks doubtful, which are more apparent 
in the breast, the hind parts, the thighs 
and the feathers of the feet. The shoulders 
the back, the coverts of the wings, are of a 
dark red mahogany. The hackle and the 
lance-shaped feathers are bright red and 
dark gold. The tail is iridescent black. In 
England birds with the darkest possible 
breasts, "and approaching to black, are pre¬ 
ferred to those with brown breasts. The 
three varieties, Cinnamon, Buff and Par¬ 
tridge, are natural productions, and do not 
seem to come from any cross. 
WHITE COCHIN VARIETY. 
It is supposed that the White, which 
should be without any dark mark, haB been 
obtained by repeated crossing of the Buff 
Cochin cock and the White Malay hen. 
They often come out with red or coffee- 
color tinges ; these should not be bred from. 
A run of White Cochins of fine quality is 
most bright and attractive. 
BUCK COCHIN VARIETY. 
The Black variety seems to have been ob¬ 
tained by the union of a dark Cinnamon 
Cochin cock with the Breda hen, which is 
of a beautiful black, and is not unlike the 
Cochin-China hen. Tins variety is highly 
esteemed, as much for its beauty as its 
productiveness; but it has two defects: 
The greater part of the cocks are general¬ 
ly marked on the buckle with red, and 
sometimes ou the shoulders and lance- 
shaped feathers ; also, the cocks are with¬ 
out exception, more or less marked with 
white at the root of the tail stickle feathers. 
These marks are not easily hidden, for they 
generally reach to the middle of the feather. 
The white marks appear equally on the 
feathers of the feet in the cock and hen, and 
this especially after the moulting of the 
second or third year. 
But these drawbacks render the specimens 
without such marks more valuable, and 
they are more sought after. Certain 
amateurs admit, provided the birds are well 
shaped, the Black Cochin with red hackle, 
and these are their reasons : 
First, the white generally appears less 
with birds the issue of the cock with red 
hackle. 
Second, it is almost always amongst the 
cocks with the red hackles that the best¬ 
shaped and largest specimens are found. 
Third, these red cocks reproduce black 
cocks as often as do the black ones. 
Fourth, they produce strongeAliens, better 
shaped, and of a purer black. 
A more important question seems to be 
the color of the feet. Some people say they 
should be yellow, others that they should 
CLIPPING WINGS OF FOWLS, 
Clipping the wings of fowls to prevent 
their flying is a necessary operation some¬ 
times, but never necessarily disfiguring. It 
generally is, however, since the farmer’s 
shears almost always make a clean sweep of 
all the quills, and an ugly wing is the result. 
Besides the ugliness, there are also other 
disadvantages in such sweeping operation. 
A setting hen uses the outer end of her wing 
to retain the eggs under her in place, and 
those near the body protect the skin from 
being torn by her mate’s claws. The proper 
way is to only trim the feathers partly off 
with a pair of scissors, except about one inch 
at the end. It shows but little when the 
wing is closed, and does not disfigure the 
fowl, and lets the wing through, so as to 
prevent flying.— Fanners’ Journal. 
New Friends of the Farmer.— Guinea 
fowls are said to destroy the cabbage worm, 
also the larva of the potato beet le, which few 
other birds will eat. Farmers und gardeners 
may learn to like the guinea fowl, though its 
coarse flesh and rambling habits are not at¬ 
tractive. 
THE AMERICAN HAY TEDDER 
The Rural New-Yorker has a chronic 
habit of talking about things at a season of 
the year when its readers most want them, 
or are thinking of their early possession. 
Hence it is now in order to disseuss mo-wing 
machines, hay tedders, horse rakes, etc., 
and consequently we herewith give . a 
representation of the American Hay Tedder, 
with some wise or otherwise remarks upon 
its use, advantages und construction : 
it is good to ” stir up things ” sometimes, 
and especially at haying time. The cut grass 
would dry on top and not below, if not stir¬ 
red, and the work of lifting and scattering it 
so us to present new surfaces to the action of 
the sun and air, was hot, tedious tiring busi¬ 
ness. A desperate effort was made to ally 
it to poetry, and many pictures are extant 
of beautiful girls, with broad hats, making 
sport of the work—but only those who had 
never tried it believed in the sport. We 
should like to see the success that would 
attend the efforts of girls or men either, on 
some of our large farm*. We opine the 
gross would need mowing again before the 
last crop could be gathered. 
We have changed all that, now. Mounted 
on an American Hay Tedder, made by the 
Ames Plow Co., of New York and Boston, 
the hard work of old times is rendered a 
pleasant drive; the sweet smelling, half-dried 
hay being continually thrown up in a light 
cloud and falling back to earth in the best 
possible condition for successful curing. The 
poetry of old times is gone, but the solid 
fact which remains is very pleasant, and the 
farmer rejoices in the control w’hich this 
machine gives him of his hay crop, enabling 
him, by its rapid, action, to save his hay 
crop when, without such an implement, It 
must have been lost, or much damaged. 
__ The Americau Hay Tedder is mounted up- 
! on two wheels, and has sixteen spring steel- 
forks attached to a light reel. The forks are 
geared so as to revolve very rapidly, and 
will do great execution even while the horse 
is going at a slow walk. It needs no levers 
to clear it of obstructions ; the driver has 
nothing to do but drive. A boy ten years 
old can do this as well as any one. The 
machine is light and strong, easy to use 
and impossible to derange. All earthly 
tilings wear out, but this Hay Tedder has 
very little tendency in that direction. 
Our own appreciation of this Tedder is 
such that we offered it as a prominent 
premium in our last List and we trust the 
benefits derived from its use the present 
season wifi sustain our opinion in regard to 
its value as a labor-saving implement. 
is instantaneously stopped. The mallet 
weighs but five to six pounds, and is less than 
a yard in length. The animal having its eyes 
covered, the strong fixings employed under 
the old method are unnecessary, as the wild¬ 
est or most vicious beast makes but little 
NOTES FOR HERDSMEN 
Care of Cou'R with Calf .—All breeders of 
animals are especially watchful and careful 
how they feed when the time forparturition^ 
approaches. In the care of cows the food 
-- if - 
resistance when blinded, nor is it. provoked 
by seeing the preparations and the final 
blow. The whole process is so simple and 
easy that any man of the most, moderate 
strength, and many boys of fourteen to 
fifteen, ean knock down with a single tap of 
the mallet, and without danger, the hardest 
and thickest,-headed bullock. 
It is proper to say that an American butch¬ 
er would kill a half dozen bullocks while a 
Frenchman was fitting this mask on one ; 
but this is given as a part of current history. 
THE JERSEY AND GUERNSEY COW 
Have they been improved within the past 
half century ? I hear a great many boasts 
to this effect, not only from the Channel Isl¬ 
ands and England, but also in our own coun¬ 
try, on the part of their breeders. Happen¬ 
ing the other day to be turning over an old 
volume of our Agricultural periodicals for 
January, 1847, I accidentally lit upon a let¬ 
ter there, from a friend of the editor who had 
recently returned from a visit to the Chan¬ 
nel Islands. He writes that a “ Good cow in 
Jersey is expected to yield seven pounds of 
butter per week, and many have been known 
to yield double that quantity for a short 
period. Some give from 16 to 18 quarts of 
milk per day during the months of May and 
June ; and I was told of numerous instances 
of cows which yielded from 10 to 14 pounds 
of butter eaoh in a week. Major Barns, the 
Governor, informed me t-hat he had a cow 
which gave 25 quarts of milk a day ; but or¬ 
dinary cows did not average more than 10 
quarts a day, yielding seven pounds of but¬ 
ter each per week. It was stated that in 
summer 0 or 10 quarts of milk would pro¬ 
duce a pound of butter ; and in winter, when 
be black. Here there is no hesitation 
necessary. The black foot is in conformity 
to the color of the rest of the bird, and 
further, is excellent to eat. The chickens 
when hatched are speckled black und white, 
but the white gradually disappears. 
must not be such as will produce excitement 
or feverishness. The cow must not be made 
fat, but kept in good store condition. Of 
course she will need more food than one not 
supporting a foetus. Corn in the ear, or 
oats, make a good feed. 
