412 
I MOORE’S RURAL KEW-YOR 
jUriE 26 
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.* 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL UJ.U8TIUTF,» 
BUBAL. LITKRABI AND FAMILY NKWSPAPKB. 
J>. D. I. MOOKB, 
Founder and Conducting Kditor. 
CHA8. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER, 
AHKOoiate Jfiditori*. 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL. D., Corlland Village, N. Y., 
Editok or thi D»r»*ni**f or Surrr Hmuon, 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Fftlls, N. Y„ 
Enron or tb« D*riEt»*»T or D*i*y 
«. A. C. BARNETT. Pnbltaher. 
TERMS FOR 1875, IN ADVANCE, 
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above rates Include pott#>jr( which wr shall be Obliged 
to prepay after Jnn. 1, 1875, under the new law,) to 
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SATURDAY, JUNE 3fi, 1875. 
CLOSE OF VOLUME XXXI. 
The Rural New-Yorker closes a Semi-An¬ 
nual Volume with the present number, thus 
terminating Its engagements with all whose 
subscriptions expire therewith. Though most 
of Its subscribers are booked for the year—Jan. 
to Deo.—the paid-for period of many expires 
this week, and all such will find the number of 
the paper (1 J2<>) printed after their names on 
address label. We trust that frleuda thus Bit- 
UHted—all whose subscriptions now close—will 
not only promptly renew, but also send us the 
name# anti remittances of such neighbors and 
others as like and ought to take the Rural— and 
we fain hope that includes a large part, consid¬ 
ering the extent (In both numbers and wideness 
of territory occupied,) of our parl&b of readers. 
As we cannot directly reach these parties—the 
neighbors und other friends of subscribers -we 
must ask the kind offices of all readers who 
approve the character and objects of tlio paper 
to act in our behalf by saying such good words 
for It as will Induce an Increase of its circula¬ 
tion and usefulness. As the Rural, thanks to 
Its Agent-Frleads and others, Imd a handsome 
Increase at the beginning of the present vol¬ 
ume and year, we now solicit and nutlclpate an 
addition thereto. 
During the past six months we have earnestly 
endeavored to give far more than value received 
to every subscriber, and think a careful exami¬ 
nation of the copious Index of the principal 
Departments will show that both Editors and 
Contributors have been mindful of their duties 
aud obligations to readers and tho public. Cer¬ 
tainly an equal amount and variety ol timely, 
valuable, Instructive and entertaining reading, 
arranged under appropriate headings, cannot, 
be obtained for the price elsewhere —in any pub¬ 
lication. 
In regard to the Immediate future of Moore’s 
Rural— say for the next six months—we will 
only repeat what was printed last week, that 
“ Wo hope to render the ensuing volume ac¬ 
ceptable to all Its readers, and certainly not Icbs 
Interesting or valuable than the present. Hav¬ 
ing recently arranged for able assistance in the 
editorial department, we think It safe to an¬ 
nounce an early infusion of new blood and 
energy—but will defer particulars for the pres¬ 
ent. Meantime, however, It will be In order 
and very acceptable for all old and new friends 
to say kind things of and about the Rural, 
and send as many subscriptions, contributions, 
etc., as their large and kind hearts may prompt 
and Influence.” 
-♦♦♦- 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
The Rural’* Premium.* are Appreciated.— 
Of this we have sufficient evideuce in frequent 
letters of acknowledgment from recipient*, 
But among tho most gratifying of late Is the 
following from I. W. Unions, I’. M. of West 
Mucedon, N. Y., who established the “Rural 
Emptro Club ” nearly a quarter of a century 
ago, and ha# annually sent a hoBt of subscribers 
to the paper for which tho Club was named— 
the Rural New-Yorker. Once he sent us a 
$1,000 draft on subscription, tbe largest, remit¬ 
tance, we reckon, over received for a like pur¬ 
pose by any American newspaper. But to 
Capt. Batons’ letter, which reads in this wine: 
Dear Old Rural:—I t. is *1111 a mystery how 
you can dispense such valuable premium* for 
so little labor. “When the Old Ruual was 
Young” It Inaugurated the dispensing of large 
premiums, ami tho writer wa? tho fortunate 
recipient of the first large premium ever given 
at that time by the Rural or any other paper. 
It must have been about “20peats ago.” (It 
was a Boaidroan & Gray Plano, 6am* t-fyle ns 
is now valued at $QQ0.) Subsequently f have 
received ns premiums, awarded oy the Rural, 
three Melodeon* from the old and rcllaolo 
bouse of Prince & Co., Buffalo, N. Y., and this 
season, in the same way. 1 am the recipient of 
one ot tho best Parlor Organs wo ever owned 
(and we have had three beforo your last pre¬ 
mium came to hand). As rlie previous ones 
were all splendid instrument*, it is high praise 
for Prince & Co. to say it Is fully equal In all 
respects to the best we have hao, and more 
powerful, 1 want two Instrument.- just like it, 
for New-Year’s presents, when tho next vear 
comes round, tf l can earn them by working 
for tho Rural. 1. W. Unions, 
Proprietor of Rural Empire Club. 
— Of course our old friend can earn and shall 
have them, and If he has tho Prince instru¬ 
ments he will be a Prince indeed ! 
■ ■ - »♦» 
The Largest Farm in ihe World ■ Is, ac¬ 
cording to a St. Louis paper, that of Mr. CEO. 
Grant, a correspondent of tho Rural New- 
Yorker and founder of Victoria Colony, Kan¬ 
sas. His farm embraces the entire county of 
Ellis, is larger than any dukedom of Europe, 
and contains 670.800 acres. Mr. Grant devotes 
himself principally to stock raising, and has 
accomplished a groat deal by tho introduction 
of the best blooded stock and exhibiting the 
best methods of rearing, feeding and Improving 
the foreign and domestic breeds of horses, cat¬ 
tle, and sheep. He has Ju l t wintered 7.000 
sheep, w T ith a loss of less than one per cent., 
thesocreic.f Lis success lying In providing good 
shelter. Ho Is the owner of the thoroughbred 
stallion Fiodden, valued at $25,000, the father 
of which won the Derby race In 1860. He has 
just purchased for hi farm thirty odd brood 
mares In Ohto, Virginia and Kentucky, and be 
has 250,000 Invested In stock. Among the large 
number of resident colonists and “tock raisers 
who have purchased land of him, and are now 
raising stock in Victoria Colony, are many 
young men of prominence, both In tills country 
and England. Tho Hon. Walter Maxwell, 
younger son of Lord Berries ur Rveringham 
Park, Yorkshire, England, owns two seotlons, 
and la comfortably settled down to the health¬ 
ful life of the ranchero. Then there are three 
bachelor sons of a Derbyshire clergymau and 
the nephew of tho Earl of Wlnchelsea, who Is 
soon to take up Ids home there. Two nephews 
of Mayor Gunther of New York City, and two 
young Shields of Boston are also among tho 
number. 
—- •** - 
The English Sparrow In America.—One of the 
pleasantest features of New York and Brook- 
lyu surroundings Is tkc multitude of English 
sparrows found everywhere in parks and pri¬ 
vate yards. They destroy insects and worms 
which would otherwise be anuoylDg and inju¬ 
rious and, excepting that they have driven 
away most other small turds, they seem In 
cities to do nc particular damage. Some com¬ 
plaint is made of their destructiveness In grain 
Helds and in seed gardens, and further South 
they may In time become more of a nuisance 
than a benefit; but in all northern latitudes no 
suoh danger need be fenied. The little soug- 
sters would perish by thousand# as far north as 
New York or Brooklyn If not provided with 
Warm boxes and food during the winter. Many 
of them died Iasi winter In spite of all precau¬ 
tion# and care. This places the matter ou aa 
easily regulated basis. In cities the sparrow is 
an undoubted blessing aud there he may be fed 
and protected through the winter. In the 
country, whenever farmers and gardeners find 
him too troublesome, they have only to with¬ 
draw their care aud the severity of Northern 
winters will rapidly reduce their numbers, lu 
England farmers flud these sparrows an Intoler¬ 
able nuisance; but English winters are never 
severe enough to chock their increase. 
-•«- 
Fruit, Ac., iu Western New York.—C. 8. 
Murdock, a wide-awake rriend of the Rural, 
writes from Ridgeway, Orleans Co., that at least 
one-quarter, and possibly one-third, of the 
peach trees In Orleans aud Niagara Counties 
were killed the past winter. What survived 
will probably bear a fair crop, but the whole 
eaunot be as large as last year, on account of 
the loss of so many. Apples, especially Green¬ 
ings, promise well. LaBt year was the bearing 
year for Baldwins, and so that variety will be 
less abundant. Fears and quinces promise 
well, as do cherries and plums, where the cur- 
culio is headed off. More fruit trees were set 
in Orleans and Niagara Counties than ever 
before in one season, so the supremacy of this 
section a# tho “Land of Fruit ’’ is not likely to 
be questioned. The potato beetle has appeared 
In large numbers, andfrieud Murdoch recom¬ 
mends Paris green in water, which will rid the 
crop of the post. Where not too abundant, wc 
should advise a trial of hand-picking. We have 
successfully fought the beetle two years in this 
way, at a cost of less than $3 per acre. Wheat 
is a failure In Mr. Murdoch's neighborhood— 
not more than 3 to 5 bushels per acre. 
■ — ■ 
Cheap Freight* for Farmer*. The extraor¬ 
dinary depression in business which has suc¬ 
cessively affected all classes has at last reached 
railroad and canal freight lines. Rates of 
freight East and West were never before so 
cheap, and with abundance of competition. low 
rates must continue. On the Erie Canal, boats 
are lying bile because boatmen cannot com¬ 
pete at living rates with the railroads. The 
Baxter steam canal boats are, however, doing a 
good business, and at rates which pay a fair 
profit. No doubt the war between railway 
magnates Is responsible for the present Jow 
tolls; but if steam on the canals can compete 
with railroads even now. It Indicates that tboso 
great corporation* no longer hold a monopoly 
of the carrying trade of tho country, and If 
railroad rates aro put up very much, the entire 
force of canal boats, steam uud horse, will be 
brought Into service to prevent exorbitant 
charges. 
— Since the above was penned wc learn that 
the leading lines of railroad* have ended their 
war and agreed to work together. It is fortu¬ 
nate that we have good und cheap water com¬ 
munication, which doo3 not leave Western 
farmers aud business men generally at their 
mercy. 
-*♦*- 
Preserving Life nt 8c«.—The recent disasters 
and loss of bundredsof valuable lives at sea are 
causing increased attention to the subject of 
securing the safety of those who “go down to 
the sea in great ships.” The success of Paul 
Boyton iu wifely crossing the Eoilisli Channel 
In hi# llfe-savlngapparaLis Indicates one means 
by which many lives may be saved. No doubt 
the apparatus Is yet imperfect, and is also more 
expensive and cumbersome than need be; but 
both these defects can lie remedied, and will 
be when passengers insist on having the new 
apparatus attached to ocean sailing vessels. 
An Invention which enables its wearer to live 
comfortably on the surface of old ocean, with 
a supply of food and drink for several days, 
ndds Immensely to the chances of salvation of 
life when eh.ips are wrecked. There are dan¬ 
gers enough in ocean travel at the best, and 
anything which lessens them is a benefaction 
to tho world. 
-»♦» ■— — 
The TUI* - . Page and Iudrx—given in this 
number — compel us to omit, several Depart¬ 
ments, yet it is so complete a guide to what the 
volume contains that we think no one will 
complain. The Rural bus for soveral years 
been published in Semi-Annual Volumes, in¬ 
stead of annual, as formerly, necessitating a 
Title Page and Index every six months at the 
end of June and December. This plan was 
adopted for the benefit of those who preserve 
the Rural, as it renders the volume# more 
convenient for handling, reference, etc., etc. 
Whether the improvement Is appreciated or 
not by subscribers wo arc unable to say ; but if 
It Is not—and wo would like an expression of 
opiuion on the subject—we desire to be advised, 
as the giving of two Indexes a your involves 
considerable extra labor. 
■-*♦*- 
Willard’* Practical Butter Book.—by the 
Editor of our Dairy Husbandry Department, 
aud Issued from this Office last week,— Is a book 
which will attract wide attention aud have a 
large sale, judging from present indications. 
It, comprises 171 duodecimo pages, and contains 
the “cream dc la cream” ou the subject of but¬ 
ter dairying. We would dilate more particularly 
upon Its contents, Including illustrations and 
descriptions of utensils, etc., used In butter 
making, but in deference to our modest asso¬ 
ciate await the criticisms of contemporaries, 
which we doubt not will be so commendable of 
the work that we shall feel constrained to give 
them in preference to our own opinion. 
The Bunker Hill CeiHenntal.—The celebra¬ 
tion of the Centennial Anulversary of tho battle 
of Bunker IIIll, June 17, was a complete suc¬ 
cess. The day was perfect—the arrangements 
ample and well carried out,—and willing heart# 
and hands from all sections of our country con¬ 
spired to make it memorable. It is estimated 
that there were 50,000 guests present —more 
thau three times the population of Boston one 
hundred years ago. How much there is in this 
festival for the lover of his country to be thank¬ 
ful for! What heart cannot throb with joy at 
the evidence given of luve of the Union, of de¬ 
termination to bury sectional hate, and hence¬ 
forth to know one country, one destiny? 
•- •** 
The Wheat Crop of Western New York, 
judging by a recent visit to that section, will 
average less than was expected a few weeks 
ago. Too much dry weather has prevented the 
roots from spreading, and now, where some of 
the best is heading, nearly half the crop is chess. 
It seems to be a fact that chess is hardier than 
wheat, and tho difference cannot easily ho told 
until the plant heads. But for the Clawson va¬ 
riety the wheat crop of Western New York 
would be even smaller than It now promises. 
The Clawson will be largely bowd this fall. 
-> n — 
The Food of >!olc»,—The London Field speak# 
of a tame molo in the possession of Mr. How- 
lett of Newmarket. “It is kept in a large 
propagating glass that holds about three paiis 
of earth ; and in this it works its subterraneous 
passages and throw* up tho hills. Us food 
consists of earth-worms ami wire-worms, and 
from the careful observations of Mr. IIowlett 
it consume# daily about 100 worm# which are 
supplied every morning. It is quite at home 
aud feeds freely out of the hand of its master.” 
-- 
Western New York Roue Show.—Three or 
four years ago the W. N. Y. Horticultural 
Society held a Summer meeting, at which, 
though no premiums were offered for article! 
exhibited, the show of roses was worth going a 
long way to see. Tf hold# another exhibition 
tho current week (June 24 and 25), and though 
we cannot be present in person we wish it the 
best success and have uo doubt that all who 
attend will fee! abundantly rewarded. 
-- 
A Centennial city.— Lexington, Ky., wa» 
named by Daniel Boone and his fellow 
pioneers in honor of the first battle of the 
American Revolution. Kentucky was then 
and long after a part of Virginia, but the State 
offered 400 acres of land to every settler who 
would make a clearing and build a house. 
Lexington wae one of the first results of this 
liberal offer. 
-*-M- 
New York State Fair.—The List of Premiums 
and Regulations for the Thirty-fifth Annual 
Fair of the New York State Agricultural So¬ 
ciety ha# been Issued in a pamphlet which in¬ 
tending exhibitors should procure and study. 
Entile# close August 28, and the Fair will be 
held in Elmira, Sept. 27 to October 1, inclusive. 
-- 
THE SEASON, CROPS, PRICES, ETC 
Griffin, Go,, June 12.—We are now lu the 
midst of wheat harvest, and the yield promises 
to be a good one. Tho season has been propi¬ 
tious and the acreage more than an average, so 
that our wheat prospects are really encourag¬ 
ing. Wheat is now worth $1,50 per bushel. Corn 
looks well, but the amount in cultivation la 
small, and a continued dry season would cut 
the yield very short. Cotton has had It# great¬ 
ly-desired “ dry May”—the weed is growing off 
finely — 1# In good condition for growing — 
well worked and cieay of weeds and grass. 
Acreage above an average. More than an aver- 
agoof fertilizers have boon used. Labor plenty; 
good hands get $1 per day.—j, g. k. 
nidge wood, Bergen Co., N. J., June 14.— 
Quite a hard frost In the low grounds night be¬ 
fore last; fruits and farm crops li 'ured to 
some extent, especially berries. A fro: on the 
12th of June boat# the recollection of the 
oldest Inhabitant. Weather not only cool, but 
dry, causing some apprehension In regard to 
the forage crops, particularly hay and corn.— 
A. 8. T. 
.MilHi'nltne, I own, June II.—Wheat crop 
looks slim ; timothy short and thin ; corn very 
small and late. The prospect for a crop of 
apple# very good, but no chance for pears and 
cherries. Weather dry and cool. Have been 
feeding tho apple-tree canker worm Pari# 
green for the past few days and it work# splen¬ 
didly.- V. W. H. 
•-» « » 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
It is said that the Japanese Government will 
expend $2,000,000 as their portion of our Cen¬ 
tennial Exnihitlou, and that $50,000 are to be 
applied to transferring scientific improvements 
to their own country. 
At tho suggestion of Prof. Hayden, the In¬ 
terior Department has decided to send Dr. A. 
S. Packard of Salem, Mass., and Dr. Uhler of 
Baltimore, eminent entomologists, to investi¬ 
gate the cause of the grasshopper plague. 
One of the modest little farming patches In 
Illinois is laid out lu 19,000 acres of oora, 2,600 
acres of flax. 1,000 act.a of oats and enough 
grass to produce about eight thousand tons of 
hay. 
Over 20 tons of violets are annually used by 
the perfumers ol Cannes und Nice, and 190 ton* 
of Orange blossoms in Nice alone. 
BUSINESS NOTICES. 
THE LADIES WILL FIND 
Dobbins’ Electric Soap, (made by Gragin & Co.. Phil¬ 
adelphia,) the best of all soaps for general washing, 
from blankets to laces. It Is pure, uniform, saves 
time and clothes. Try it. 
• - ■ ■ 
THE POTATOES SAVED, 
and sure death to the Bugs, only by the use of Paris 
Green. For a good article, and how to use It, send 
to F. W. DEVOE & CO., 115 and 117 Fulton St., New 
York City. 
-m- 
OIL YOUR HARNESS 
with the celebrated Vacuum Oil Blacking. It soft¬ 
ens and preserves the leather and turns the water. 
Give it one trial and you will use no other. Sold by 
all Dealers. 
