412 
FROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.” 
MOORE’S RURAL WEW-YORKER. 
AUg, U 
H» m „ b„ poor . thtt „„ crop8 
MOORE’S RORAL NEW-YORKER. tlon throughout the world. In that casehetmd 
a national illustrated S f !l ^l[f * :irm aU( * F° ataometblng wherein 
mki, L1TMAK1' AM) FAMlLt NKffSPAPKR. 
- world b productions are uulDjurcd. In such 
DDT JVTOnWT! exceptional circumetancee farmer* must be 
_ ' X * " IOORB < cmtont to bear tbelr losses and average them 
Founder and Uouduoting Editor. with other years when exceptional circum- 
stance* shall be In their favor. But w G insist 
WM. J. FOWLER, ANDREW S. FULLER [liat. no farmer who has capital to hold hi* grain 
A«»ooiut« .hiditor*. is warranted It) Belling at a price much, If any, 
- below the average cost of production, *al<l cost 
HENRY S. RANDALL LL, D., Cortland Village, N Y ,!<f accurately determined by the average 
D. D. T. 2VIOORD, 
Founder and Couduoting Auditor. 
Ebitou o» rim Otr.kiMiNT or ijiur Hceambbt. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y„ 
Ediiou or rua Dar.KTuaHT or D.mr Hvnu mT . 
G. A. C. BA It NETT, Publisher. 
TERMS FOR 1875, IN ADVANCE, 
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. _ 
SATURDAY, AUG. 14, 1875. 
SELLING AT LESS THAN DOST. 
Farmers are probably the only class of pro¬ 
ducers who are persistently advised by certain 
Journals to sell tbelr wares below cost of pro¬ 
duction. In all other branches of Industry men 
mako or buy tbelr stock, determine exactly 
what. It has cost, add a reasonable (or pethaps 
unreasonable) profit, and then wait for custom¬ 
ers. if they can’t sell, “ times aro hard,” and 
that is considered sufficient cxo„ba. Ve.y rarely 
the owner will throw off profile or part of them 
to close off stock ; hut no one assume* to dic¬ 
tate to the merchant or manufacturer what 
course he shall adopt. The manufacturer knows 
what certain classes of goods must cost, and if 
the price remaius long hcloiv that ruto lie holds 
them sometimes for years If he has sufficient 
capital, hs the most profitable Investment be I 
oho make. When farmers learn to adopt the 
same policy wo shall see n greater steadiness 
and uniformity of prices of farm products, and 
the speculative tendency of farming will be 
done away wit h, tho producers will make more 
money and speculators and middlemen less. 
Holding grain or other farm produce “for a 
rise,’ Is a familiar Imgbcar with many other¬ 
wise sensible men. It docs sound as if specula¬ 
tion were Intended, but all depouds upon the 
circumstances. If a piioo be already above the 
ordinary cost of production, extraordinary cir¬ 
cumstances maj' warrant still hi xher rates, lu 
that case, “ holding for a rise” would be simply 
speculation, though even then often fully war¬ 
ranted by the facts. Bur If a crop at time of 
production 6ell9 for considerably less than Its 
cost price, It is not only a safe but the only ; 
busIness-Mie plan to hold It until It will bring \ 
wbat all staple art.olos must sooner or later i 
bring, their staple value toat Is, tho cost of | 
producing them. With perishable com modules i 
tho o«8« is altered. Those must bo sold at cer- f 
tain times or all value will be lost. The InablJ- \ 
ity to bold certain classes of farm products c 
from year to year, makes that style of forming 
partake more of the speculative character. a 
Hence, in favorable seasons, various kinds of j 
fru.t and vegetables ought to sell for consider¬ 
ably greater profits than wheat or corn, to offset p 
tho unfavorable years when they must be sold h 
for less. 
’ price of such grain for a eerie* of year*. As a 
rule, such “holding for a rise 1 ' is profitable, for 
f the price of an article be long below the coa, 
it is almost certain to swing as much above. 
JI here Is, or should be, no class of men better 
able to bold farm produce from year to year if 
need lie, than farmers themselves. Their grain 
Is already rtored without, paying heavy fee* for 
atoi ago, and it Ilea in tbelr granaries at the cost 
of 6ln,tJk ’ Interest, while the speculator who 
,j ‘t bas generally to borrow money on short 
e notes and at usurious rates. Tho cost of Insur- 
d aBC0 J® less In the farmer's Isolated barns than 
0 in largo warehouses In theoentor of grcatclties. 
„ And yet whim the speculator who borrows 
a money at twelve to twenty-five por cent, per 
5 annum to “move tho crop., -- | S reckoned a 
l benefactor, the farmer who ke.pg his 
1 ** la [ n karn until necessities of commerce 
. reall > demand It, la thought to be In some way 
a conspirator against public Interest. Very 
often \ve hear the advice to farmers to rush for- 
ward tho crops a» Boon hh harvested to help 
along the active fall trade which every mer¬ 
chant yearly hopes for. It scorns to bo forgot¬ 
ten that u gradual sale of crops through the 
entire year at full j rices will secure a greater 
and more healthful prosperity than the annual 
flurry lu trade which results from marketing 
all tho crops of the year on a glutted market 
during two or three months In the fall. 
It Is Indeed even more important for the 
country than for farmers themselves that the 
annual habit of marketing all produce In the 
fall should be discouraged. It Is thought by 
many that so soon as crops are all sold, no 
matter what the price, farmers' pockets will be 
filled and tho market for everything will re¬ 
vive. But If the price be below' cost of produc¬ 
tion none of this money remains with farmers. 
There is no surplus to spend, and merchants 
who have imported heavily in the hope of an 
ac.lve fall trade, find their shelve* filled with 
goods which nobody has any money to buy. 
Business, of course, is stagnant, and the result 
of bind ness stagnation is always tbeaccumuia- 
tiou of money lu commercial center* while the 
country 1* depleted. Money has been atone 
and a half io three percent, per annum for 
months In New York City, but this cheap 
money does nobody «ny good, because there is 
no profitable uso for It. Men talk about the 
superabundance of money, and Instance the 
commercial neuters as examples, but all the 
time money Is bard to bo got on bond and mort¬ 
gage ou valuable property in tho West at. ten to 
twelve per cent, per annum. Whal. the country 
wants, and the commercial classes especially 
need, is a revival of business In which the a^ri- * 
cultural producers shall bo the first and chief 1 
gainers. If If, wore possible to double the pres- ‘ 
cut price of wheat, add twenty-five per cent to * 
lh° price of other agricultural products, and ' 
keep the bulk of these In farmers' bauds until ! 
these prices were obtained, there would be a J 
Kconine prosperity such thiacountry has not 1 
seen for years, ft would speedily dispel the 1 
unbealtbful plethora of money In cities and re- “ 
store a healthful circulation to the extremities. c 
o do not kuow how high grain will sell this n , 
year. The higher the better for tho Inter, st of ? 
the whole people. \V C hope at least that the - 1 ' 
malu crop will not be sold so low as to leave no 11 
profit for producers, thus perpetuatlng.the par- ° 
alyzatlon of business throughout the country. 11 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
A Tested Success.—As might have been ex¬ 
pected, the twen'y-thlrd statement of the 
Traveler* Insurance Company, which appeared 
in this paper lately, shows that this irrepressible 
Institution continues to thrive during these 
years of financial famine much as It did In the 
years of plenty. Complaints loud and piteous 
come from many of its former competitors, 
that business was never *o dull, but we hear of 
no lamentation* from th* Travelers. The rea¬ 
sons are obvious. Tnl* company does not wait 
for something to turn up but goes ahead and 
turns it up. It acts upon the principles of a 
composite motto: that a life company must be 
a live company; that nothing succeeds so well 
as success; that aa unsuccessful company U 
worse than no company at all; that success 
must be wrought out by combining untiring 
industry with a peculiar tact for management 
something akin to that which enable* certain 
men to “run a hotel that honesty is the only 
policy and that t,ho Travellers shall never be¬ 
come an asylum for ease-loving mediocrity. 
These are the causes of thecr ntlnued prosperity 
and success which have always attended tho 
company from its natal day. Some of these 
evidences of health and vigor are well worth 
mention. During the years when few com¬ 
panies made any progress whatever and many. 
high conveyances, and many persons who had 
come Into the town from the western side to 
work io the morning by dinner time found 
themselves unable to return to their homes ev 
Cept by wading through the wat«. The an* 
pearance of the country is that of a vast lake.'* 
Good Prospects for Western Farmer*._The 
Milwaukee Wisconsin is jubilant about the 
prospects of the farmers of that region, and 
says: —Twenty-four cents on every bushel of 
wheat raised In Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa and 
Minnesota, will really add $21,000,000 to the 
profit of the far/nors and dBaler* in grain. 
fneBefour Hta'es in 1875 will probably not rat^e 
less than $100,0(X),000 bushels of wheat. On the 
crop of '74 previously sold, the farmers lost 
nearly ten cents on every bushel. Most of them 
did not obtain the bare cost ot raishg the 
wheat. Put twenty-four cents on the other 
side of the ledger, and the profits are certainly 
cheering and hopeful. At the beginning or the 
rise the amount of wheat in the hands of the 
farmers of the West and Northwest was esti¬ 
mated at from 7,0«0,000 to 10,000,000 bushels, and 
of course a large profit will be realized on that. 
•-m-- 
Iron n» the South.—A» an Illustration of the 
mineral wealth of the South, the development 
of which is building up Industrial pursuits and 
Causing prosperity, ills stated that there Is in 
North Alabama one of the largest Iron moun- 
so many, either fallal or fetrogr*d»d thoTrav- talnB y et discovered in the world, 45 miles long 
por hae kiiilt _». ...... .r __«» # % 
eler has hnilt up it* surplus rom $717,500 to *1,- 
228,500, and did what do other company did 
with any premium great or sm ill, added to its 
accumulations In the last three years respect¬ 
ively 60.53,50.01 and 55.03 per cent, of Its income 
The average additions of allihecompinies was, 
lo these years les* than thirty per cent, that of 
the Travelers nearly twice aa much. The 
meaning and pertinence of this Is, that the 
Travelers is able by Judicious management to 
*avo Its income and lay it aside for future use. 
Owing to extreme care in selecting only tho 
best risk*, its mortality has been something 
less than two-thirds of the general average, and 
to show how Its policy bolder* ding to Its 
policies when they get them It may bo stated 
of a mite wide at the base, 175 feet bign, 
and w ith a continuous veiu of Iron ore through 
the whole Jsngth of the kind koown as fossil or 
dryatone, the vein being40 feet thick at the top, 
the ore lying lti strain six Inches to one foot 
thick. Sinco the civil war the town of Bir¬ 
mingham has sprung up uear this mountain on 
the Nashville and Great Southern Railroad, 
which has now 10,000 Inhabitants, three fur¬ 
naces and extensive coal mining interests. 
-— 
Mrs. “Daily Rural Life” prepared for her 
venerable husband a surprise on the .347th anni¬ 
versary of his birthday, which occurred August 
3d. She invi„ed a number of “ Rural gentlemen 
near New York City” to hi* sanctum, where 
that Its proportions of lapses Is exceedingly “OldDaily" was discovered In a brown study, 
small, while It# expenses of management are w ‘mnthe“ Victor*" followed the " Kcelys" and 
admitted to be lower than any other low 
premium company whatever. We may l>e mis¬ 
taken in attributing all i,his to tho superior 
genius for management w'hlch Mr. Battkkkon 
has displayed ever since the company organiza¬ 
tion, and which places him lu the ranks of the 
great Insurance Presidents who have set the 
marks of their creative genius upon their work. 
Wo do not fear to trust men who trust them¬ 
selves and who are demonstrably able to create 
a new adaptation of insurance, u market for an 
unknown specialty, and to build up a great 
company uuderiijeuspiclous circumstances and 
in the midst of an almost lmprocedented finan¬ 
cial stringency and In competition with a score 
of successful rivals. We believe In the Travel¬ 
ers aud unreservedly commend It to our 
friends and patrons, aa a *af e , reliable, sub¬ 
stantial and eminently successful company. 
DANGER FROM MALARIA.— A SEASON¬ 
ABLE SUGGESTION. 
With such articles as corn, wheat, oats, wool, 
and other imperishable articles, we fall to see 
why any but. the poorest, cla^s of farmer# should 
ever sell at less nan oust. Exceptional circum¬ 
stances may lead to over-production oue year, 
but the pendulum will sooner or later swing as 
far In the opposite extreme and establish the 
proper balance. We do not say that every farmer 
must invariably demand a profit on every crop. 1 
The extraordinary continuance of wet weath¬ 
er in most parts of the country, coming at a 
season when the weather la warmest and the 
decomposition of animal and vegetable matter 
is most rapid, suggests a danger to public health 
against which people should everywhere take 
all possible precautions. There can be no doubt 
that, malarial fevers will ho unusually prevalent 
thle fall, as a rasultof our midsummer heat and 
moisture. Possibly this may suggest to some 
libe-al dosing with quinine and other drugs to 
fori ify the system ugatnst such uttacks. but. it 
is not. everybody who believes in that, method 
of procedure. Chlorine and other disinfect¬ 
ants should be freely used about the house, and 
a cup of coffee every morniug has a good effect. 
Muoh of the danger arises from damp air at 
mght, laden with malarial poisons, which the 
bright sunshine during tbo day does much to 
dispel. 11 is a good plan to have a brisk fire for 
a lew moments In or near a sleeping-room Just 
at nightfall. Tnis will dry the atmosphere, and 
It* poisonous malaria will pas* through the 
chimney, E pedal cure should bo taken at 
this season about tho regularity of meals and 
that the vegetables used are fresh and of good 
quality. This alone will do much to preserve 
health, as people whose stomachs are In good 
tone can withstand attaoks of most kinds of 
disease. 
liefgho J Whew • <fcc.:_ A paragraph In the 
Rubai. New-Yobkeb two or three weeks ago 
on the prevalent dullness of business In Oalifor- 
j n, fi seems to have aroused quite a tempest in 
3 . one snli *^ teapot, If wo may Judge from tho In- 
q dignaut comments of the San Fraucisca Com- 
(j «ieroUU Herald, a paper of which, strange a# it 
II I majrBeew. we had never before heard. TbeC. 
a Into raptures over the present prospor- 
|( ity of California which, it declares, was never 
3 before surpassed, aud as the paper relics for Fs 
,. support on tha'. prosperity, the sincerity of It* 
. cry, “Great is Diana of the Ephesians!” need 
8 not be doubted. But we bavo other and more 
f disinterested testimony — not from obscure 
B .1°**ruals but from loading papers In tho State, 
j tbat business Is extremely dull, and thousands 
of immigrants attracted to California by glow¬ 
ing reports of its wealth, are uuable to flud 
work. At last accounts various parties were 
trying to pass from one to the other the reepon- 
. sibllity of encouraging thi- disastrous itnmlgra- 
tton. Possibly the dan Francisco Commercial 
Herald might be glad to assume such responsi¬ 
bility. We read, somewhere, that 
“ Fools rush In where angels Clare not tread.” 
und our belligerent Pacific contemporary seems 
to be tbe latest and most remarkable Illustra¬ 
tion of the fact. 
The Flood* in England,—The heavy rains In 
this country seem to ne only the continuation 
of storms which have prevailed in France, Ger¬ 
many, England, and in fact, throughout the 
civilized globe In the latitude of the United 
Slates, as we hear of similar floods in Northern 
India and China. The Pall Mall (London) (fa- 1 
I zette of J uly 22d says: 
“After ahea/ry rain this morning, the weather « 
up to midda-, ,<c London was tolerably fine hut 
ould for the season, aud the meteorological do- , 
partment reports a general fall In the barome- 1 
ter. Ihem was a heavy downpour of rain vea- » 
terday, jn the midland and eastern districts, r 
aud some lo.-* of life 1* reported. At Church- l 
over, near Rugby, an agricultural laborer was A 
drowned; at Velvortoft an old man and his 0 
horse were swept away; reports uotne from sev- * 
oral places of horses, cattles, railway embank¬ 
ments and bridge* succumbing to the flnod- 
w-utehs; and at Tmton, In the Black district, - 
the bursting of the B.rmlugh*m canal bank in- ~ 
icrioreu seriously with the operations at several 
Hon work* and collieries. A report from Lei¬ 
cester says cellar* were filled aud the lower lj ’ 
rooms of nouses flooded to the depth of several k< 
leet and faotor.es had to be stopped, while 01 
streets were rendered impassable except on D 
»w tho light of the Sun w’as let in by the “ EJu— 
Is- t/ktnd*," an idea began to glimmer In the cra- 
or niurn of the old gentleman, whose expression 
in of puzzled surprise was replaced by u broad 
a- krin of satisfaction and ths relaxation of his 
1(J "heetk” brow. After his guest* had brooded 
■ l6 over his spring chickens and horryed bis small 
l i> fmlt, Jollity reigned supreme. The evening was 
moist without and within and all departed 
te “ fuller” thau they came. 
m ***- 
a Tbc Mineral Health of Missouri Is greater 
j than that of any other State In tho Union. Co- 
bait, iron und coal abound. Tnere are also 
• 6 large deposits of hydraulic and lithograpbio 
j. J linos tone for building purposes, fire olav, min- 
ir oral paint, copper ore, granite, porphy ry, heavy 
spar for giving body to paint, Scotch pebbles, 
moss agates,sliver,gold, etc. Canned coal, from 
10 to 50 feet in thickness, possesses an area of 
1500 square miles, and more than half the State 
6 is covered by forests which furnish an abuu- 
0 dance of the best lumber. 
--- 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
t , jRKVermcntJournai says there are dogs in 
that btate worth <3J0 each and one mortgaged 
. for $150. * 
North Carolina furnishes three-fourths of 
i* the dried oiackberry crop that Is consumed in 
5 this country. 
! Nr ably 70,000 bushels of strawberries have 
1 8r e . e, ‘ ,* r,, pped from Benton Harbor, a station in 
| Michigan this season. ,u 
i Solomon Eaton of Irasburg, Is said to have 
the larg. *t hop-yard in Vermont. He has 8,000 
hills, covering ten aerts. 
The St, Louis papers say there were only five 
fair da/s in July Caere. A disputon from Louls- 
vIile Ky., Aug. the 5 h says that was tno first 
lair day inero In «lx weeks. 
The Fruit Growers of New Jersey are to meet 
it\ ibo College Buildings, New Brunswick, on 
lues .ay next, Aug. 17, at 11 o’clock A. M., for 
Society^ 086 ° f orK * tjizing a 8ute Horticultural 
From thirty to fifty thousand acres of Cook 
, O” Hi, were under water last week caused by 
heavy tains. 1 he flood occurred lu the midst of 
tho wheat nnrv F st and sheaves of grain fljuted 
from one field to another. 
There will be a great Ihx seed crop in the 
Wc»t this year, as flax is believed to be safe 
from cliiuCh bugs. Much ot tho Western cron 
Is grown only for the a«ed. Here is a good 
offeror introducing the home manufacture 
Delaware peach growers are establishing 
r “VA rs to k 1 c ’ p l J ,e «H>P longer than it 
would without, in this way It is expected 
that peaches can bo retainod lu good condition 
lor eating from three to four month#, aud by 
thus ex .ending the season better prices will be 
obtained. 
C. V. Rielv thinks that where the gmsshop- 
pera dovabt&ted aJl f itisecc^ will be Jose nurner- 
ou* and destructive, lor several years having 
“° en ,. tbiunud out by starvation. The same 
result i« also predicted for ebinen bugs, from re- 
C 0 t)t heavy rains at tin* Weal which must have 
destroyed millions ot eggs* 
BUSINESS NOTICES. 
ANY ONE DESIRING A RECIPE 
how to make soap for a cent a pound, will receive it 
gratis, by addre sing I. L. Cragin & 0o., Philadel- 
dhla, tbe manufacturers of the Justly celebrated 
Dobbins’ Electric Soap. 
Q-J 
---Jns 
