Ij OCT. 30 
MOOSE’S RUSAL NEW-YORKER. 
2®3 
their excellent fruit. They now have about 
six acres in their vineyards, mostly of Con¬ 
cord, Hartford and Delaware grapes, and 
some three, acres in peaches of several popu¬ 
lar varieties. Within a few years past they 
have greatly improved their farm and their 
buildings, materially reduced their indebted¬ 
ness, and enjoyed the product of their 
labor. Instead of no income from the farm 
they now receive a liberal reward. These 
eight or ten acres, appropriated to these 
fruits, in good years, bring them a profit 
that is counted by hundreds of dollars. 
Their example has been followed by other 
farmers of Mason and vicinity, until many 
hillsides, once unproductive, have become 
the most profitable portion of their farms. 
Without giving further notice of the opera¬ 
tion of these gentlemen, or attempting to 
present their methods of preparing or culti¬ 
vating the ground, or of managing the vines 
and trees, we commend their success to 
other farmers who occupy unproductive 
farms on our rough hillsides. 
the trees are all bare and the fields covered 
with snow, they are cheerless enough to give 
any one but a stoic a fit of melancholy. 
Evergreen trees and shrubs are at the pres¬ 
ent time produced by our nurserymen in 
need more cheerful “outlooks” to our coun¬ 
try homes ^pd especially in winter, and thero 
is no better or cheaper way of making tlio 
desired change than by planting more ever¬ 
greens. 
THE CANKER WORM 
This pest of the orchard is less difficult to 
manage and less destructive as its habits be¬ 
come known, and the means for destroying 
it are applied. The Massachusetts Plough¬ 
man gives the following timely and practical 
suggestions on this subject : 
In those sections that are liable to the dep¬ 
redations of the canker worm, now is the 
time to begin to tar the trees to protect them. 
It was formerly supposed that the moths of 
the canker worm came out of the ground 
only in the spring, but it is now well known 
that many rise in the late fall and early 
winter. In a mild, open winter you can find 
them in every month from October to March, 
but usually it is chiefly from the middle or 
20th of October to about the first of Decem¬ 
ber, and then again from about, the first to 
the middle of March. If the frost holds off 
well and the weather is warm, they will not 
appear until the end of October, but if there 
are oarly hard frosts, as there have been this 
fall, it is best to be on the lookout for them 
soon after the middle of this month. They 
begin to make their appearance soon after 
the first hard frosts, and if these come early 
the canker "worm will come early, if late 
then the pests will delay the later. Proba¬ 
bly by l’ar the larger number rise in the 
spring from the middle of March till the first 
of April, but the time will vary considerably 
according to the weather. If the early part 
of March is mild and open and the gronud 
bare, they wifi begin to appear soon after 
the first of that month, but when the ground 
is frozen and covered with snow they begin 
to rise later and come up fast and thick after 
the middle of the month, and continue for 
about three weeks. 
The female of the canker worm is wing¬ 
less, and when she comes up from the earth 
instinct leads her to go for the nearest tree 
and try to ascend. The male is winged. 
The object, therefore, is to prevent the fe¬ 
male from ascending the tree. After she 
has got up it is very difficult to capture her, 
and we must taka her on the ascent or we 
lose the chance of a capture. 
Tar is perfectly effective if it is applied in 
season and repeated often enough to keep 
the surface sticky, but it hardens rather rap¬ 
idly, and when this takes place the insect 
can easily walk over it. The only safety is 
to repeat the application often enough to 
make and keep the surface sticky or adhe¬ 
sive, and the failures to prevent the ravages 
of this terrible pest from a neglect to apply 
the tar early enough or to repeat the appli¬ 
cation often enough to keep the surface 
fresh. Printer's Ink, if a good quality, has 
the advantage of tar in not drying up or 
hardening so readily, so that it is not nec¬ 
essary to apply it as often. It requires rather 
less labor, therefore, to protect an orchard 
with printer’s ink than with tar. ft acts on 
the same principle precisely, that is it is 
sticky and the insects cannot walk over it. 
Either of the substances will furnish a per¬ 
fect protection if properly followed up. 
If printer’s ink is used it must be- of the 
best quality. An orchard may be protected 
with it at an expense, including ink and la¬ 
bor, of about twelve cents a tree on an aver¬ 
age. The use of tar will cost about the 
same, because it will require more constant 
lookiug after. We hope no one who owns a 
tree will allow it to be overrun and destroyed 
by the canker worm. 
ARBOEICULTUEAL NOTES 
A Just Rebuke .—We lately observed the 
following verse written on a window in a 
West of England hotel, immediately under a 
pane that had been inscribed with auto¬ 
graphs : 
" Should you ever rhnnee to for 
a man's umuio writ ton on i ho class, 
Bu sure lie owns a diamond. 
And bis parent owns im ass.” 
Some such caustic verse is needed as a deter¬ 
rent to the snobs who are so prone to cut 
their initials on tho boles of noble trees, for 
it is very difficult indeed to meet one to 
which the public has access that is not so 
disfigured.— 0 ardener’s Chronicle. 
Magnolia Jr uni '.—The September number 
of the Revue do VHorticulture Beige, devotes 
a colored plate to the lovely Magnolia Lcnne, 
the precise origiu of which is not known, but 
which was disposed of hy au Italian amateur, 
partly to M. A. Verschaffelt, partly to an 
Erfurt nurseryman, by the latter of whom 
it was named after the director of the Royal 
Gardens of Prussia. 
THE POULTRY-KEEPER.—NO. 30 
PLUMAGE OF THE PENCILLED HAMBURGH 
The plumage of the Silver variety does 
not differ from the Golden variety except in 
the ground color. The Silver variety is of a 
clear white, the Golden of bright chamois 
yellow. In the Silver the feathers of the 
hackle and the head should be of a pure 
white without the slightest spot (fig. 34), and 
that to the back und shoulders where the 
beautiful black markings begin, which show 
on the feathers of the back (fig. 35). These 
PRATT’S ASTRAL OIL 
Among the valuable and practically useful 
articles offered iu the Rural New-Yorker 
Premium List a good and safe oil to be used 
during the coming long evenings will be 
appreciated by many agents and other 
Rural readers. 
The use of kerosene or petroleum dates 
only a few years back, but has now almost 
universally displaced the tallow candle and 
the use of other oils, Convenient and oheap 
as this substitute lias proved, it is not an 
unmixed good, and thousands of careful 
housekeepers use it with a mental protest 
Fig. 30.—Wing Feather. 
such immense quantities and so cheaply that 
their cost cannot be urged as an excuse for a 
neglect of planting ; consequently, the man 
who does not employ them in adorning his 
homo must lack something in the way of 
good taste, besides being entirely indifferent 
to the comfort and pleasures of others. For 
our purt, we would plant evergreens if they 
served no other purpose than to shelter the 
birds in winter, and the first cold storm will 
bring in hundreds of these little friends to 
stay until spring, not one of which would 
stop were there no trees affording them a 
safe and agreeable protection from the cold. 
Fig, 31.—Hackle Feather, 
Back Feather, 
markings are repeated on the feathers of the 
shoulders, the covert feathers of the wings, 
on those of the breast and thighs ; but the 
marks diminish a little in intensity of color 
and neatness of form in proportion as the 
feathers get towards the under parts, and 
they end by becoming mixed on the sides 
and abdomen. The same markings are re¬ 
peated on the covert feathers of the tail, the 
feathers becoming longer and longer in ap¬ 
proaching the large sickles, the beginning of 
which they hide. 
The large wing feathers (fig. 3fi) are neatly 
but a little irregularly marked with numer¬ 
ous black cross marks. The large tail 
feather (fig. 37) is shorter and more regularly 
marked. 
against the danger of explosion and destruc¬ 
tion of property, if not loss of life. These 
dangers are obviated by Messrs. Pratt & 
Co., 128 Pearl St., N. Y., whose superior 
Astral Oil is now acknowledged to be among 
the best fur illuminating purposes and 
always and ent irely safe from explosion. It 
is slightly higher in price than the common 
light oils, but gives such steady and uniform 
light and burns so much longer that ib is 
about as cheap, saying nothing of the safety 
from explosion. No family should burn 
inferior oils, and fully appreciating this, we 
have made preparations to furnish this oU to 
agents of Rural Clubs, thus disseminating 
light for the mind and light, for the hands at 
one operation. A can holding ten gallons of 
oil will be given for a club ot 5 subscribers to 
the Rural New-Yorker at ?2.65 each, or 
for 10 subscribers at $2.15 each. 
PEACHE3 AND GRAPES 
The Concord N. H. Republican Statesman 
publishes the following, which, though not 
very definite as to methods, purports to give, 
and without doubt does give, the practical 
results of a new departure in fruit-growing 
by an old-fashioned farmer. Why can not 
others do likewise ? 
Some ten years ago Mr. George Whittaker 
of Masoa. N. H., occupying the old, rocky, 
and hilly farm on which both his father and 
grandfather had lived and died, found him¬ 
self burdened by debt and pressed down by 
ill health, being barely able to gain a living' 
in the old way on the old homestead. He 
found that lie must abandon his paternal 
aores, or resort to new practices, and culti¬ 
vate more remunerative crops, He decided 
to adopt the latter course, and commenced 
the cultivation of the grape and of the peach. 
Giving his son, at the age of twenty-one, an 
interest in the estate, they carried on the 
farm, under improved culture, iu company. 
The result was, in brief, that they soon 
began to see an improvement in their finan¬ 
cial standing, and to gain a repuation for 
THE AVERILL CHEMICAL PAINT 
EVERGREENS COMING INTO VIEW 
The Rural New Yorker often advises its 
readers to keep buildings well painted ; but 
too often thisis^neglected from lack of prop¬ 
er materials or preparation for the work. 
Every farmer should have some good, 
sirable and cheap paint, and with brushes, 
&c., be prepared to do his own painting. 
Appreciating this we have placed the Averill 
Paint in the Rural’s premium list. The 
Averill Chemical Paint Co., No. 32 Burling 
Slip, New York, has ail colors of paints 
ready prepared for use, and will send .‘ample 
card with every variety of colors on appli¬ 
cation. This paint is beautiful, durable and 
much lower in price than lead or oil, and is 
positively water and fire-poof. ■ It is used on 
the finest buildings in the country, and has 
proved entirely satisfactory, it can he used 
over other puints, and on old buildings as 
well as new. The colors most in demand 
for general use furnished to Agents of the 
Rural New-Yorker in large or small quan¬ 
tities a t manufacturer’s prices. 
During the summer, when all of our de¬ 
ciduous trees and shrubs are covered with 
foliage, the evergreens are rather inconspic- 
uousobjects,neither commanding nor attract 
ing any especial attention. But as the frosts 
of autumn come and one by one the branches 
of other trees are laid bare, the evergreens 
are brought into full view and their dark- 
green foliage begins to glisten in the sunlight, 
relieving, in a measure, the sadness which 
seems to rest upon the landscape with the 
“falling of the leaf.” 
While these “ dissolving views” of autumn 
are undergoing their rapid changes, it would 
be well for those who have neglected to 
plant evergreen trees and shrubs about their 
homes to give a little time to reflection, tak¬ 
ing into consideration what changes may Vie 
made to make their surrounding more cheer¬ 
ful during the gloomy days of winter. The 
outlook from many a country home is dreury 
enough at best, even in summer, and when 
Fig. 37.—Tail Feather. 
Plant evergreens of some kind, is our ad¬ 
vice to all who have homes in the country. 
If you cannot afford to purchase large plants 
get small ones, which do not cost, more than 
a few cents each. Make a beginning in that 
direction, even if it is nothing better or more 
than a few American Arbor-vitses, Spruces 
and Pines from the woods and swamps. We 
